下调MCT1表达抑制宫颈癌Hela细胞增殖并促进其凋亡

［摘要］ 目的探讨下调单羧酸转运蛋白1(monocarboxylate transporter 1,MCT1)表达对宫颈癌Hela细胞增殖和凋亡的影响及其机制。 方法将体外培养的Hela细胞分为未转染组、阴性对照组和MCT1-siRNA组,Western blot检测Hela细胞中MCT1、Bcl-2和Bax蛋白表达水平,MTT法检测Hela细胞增殖活力,流式细胞仪检测Hela细胞周期分布和凋亡率。 结果与未转染组比较,阴性对照组Hela细胞中MCT1、Bcl-2、Bax蛋白表达水平和细胞增殖、周期分布以及细胞凋亡率差异均无统计学意义（P＞0.05）,MCT1-siRNA组细胞中MCT1和Bcl-2蛋白表达水平、细胞增殖活力和细胞在S期所占百分比均明显降低,Bax蛋白表达水平、细胞在G0/G1期所占百分比和细胞凋亡率均明显升高（P＜0.05）。 结论下调MCT1表达可通过诱导细胞周期阻滞抑制Hela细胞增殖,并通过上调Bax和下调Bcl-2蛋白表达促进Hela细胞凋亡。     

一种新西兰兔颈椎椎间融合模型的建立及评价

目的 利用兔颈椎骨性结构测量数据建立兔颈椎椎间植骨融合内固定动物模型,观察不同时间点椎间融合情况。 方法 选取雄性健康新西兰大白兔36只（2.0~2.5 kg）,随机分为A、B、C、D 4组,每组9只。A组用于解剖测量兔颈椎椎体结构;B、C、D组造模行颈椎椎间植骨融合内固定,植骨材料选用兔自体髂骨。术后4、8、12周对实验动物或标本分别进行大体观察、X线检查、手触检查及微型计算机断层扫描（micro computed tomography,Micro-CT）。 结果 自颈2（C2）~颈6（C6）椎体长度、椎体下端矢状径、椎体下端斜径差异有统计学意义（P＜0.01）。X线检查显示B、C、D组植骨充分,钢板螺钉置入情况良好,仅1例术后发生螺钉松动退钉。B、C、D组手触检查颈椎融合率分别为22.2%（2/9）、55.6%（5/9）、88.9%（8/9）。C组新生骨体积与植入材料总体积比值和X线评分高于B组,D组BV/TV和X线评分高于B组和C组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.01）。 结论 颈椎椎间植骨融合内固定模型建立方法简便,为颈椎椎间融合的基础研究提供了一种可靠的动物模型。     

Diagnostic criteria for pancreaticobiliary maljunction 2013

Pancreaticobiliary maljunction is a congenital malformation in which the pancreatic and bile ducts join anatomically outside the duodenal wall. The diagnostic criteria for pancreaticobiliary maljunction were proposed in 1987. The committee of The Japanese Study Group on Pancreaticobiliary Maljunction (JSGPM) for diagnostic criteria for pancreaticobiliary maljunction began to revise the diagnostic criteria from 2011 taking recently advanced diagnostic imaging techniques into consideration, and the final revised version was approved in the 36^th Annual Meeting of JSPBM. For diagnosis of pancreaticobiliary maljunction, an abnormally long common channel and/or an abnormal union between the pancreatic and bile ducts must be evident on direct cholangiography, such as endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, percutaneous transpehatic cholangiography, or intraoperative cholangiography; magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography; or three‐dimensional drip infusion cholangiography computed tomography. However, in cases with a relatively short common channel, it is necessary to confirm that the effect of the papillary sphincter does not extend to the junction by direct cholangiography. Pancreaticobiliary maljunction can be diagnosed also by endoscopic ultrasonography or multi‐planar reconstruction images provided by multi‐detector row computed tomography. Elevated amylase levels in bile and extrahepatic bile duct dilatation strongly suggest the existence of pancreaticobiliary maljunction.     

New method of thrombus preparation using a fluid model for evaluation of thrombectomy devices in a swine model

Background

Mechanical thrombectomy is a promising new modality of interventional stroke treatment. Preparation of thrombus is a very important step for the evaluation of the mechanical thrombectomy devices. The objective of this study was to explore a new method of thrombus preparation with fluid model (FM) for assessment of thrombectomy devices used in the recanalization of acute ischemic stroke.

Methods

Elongation test and catheter injection test were used to evaluate the mechanical properties of thrombi prepared by FM and static model (SM). Histological structures of two artificial clots and specimens of stroke patients were compared. Radiopacity of thrombus made by FM was evaluated in a swine embolization model.

Results

The maximum tensile length of thrombi prepared by FM and SM were significantly higher (4.28 ± 0.23 cm vs 3.16 ± 0.13 cm, P < 0.01) and showed less breakage on catheter injection test (13% vs 60%, P < 0.05). Histological features of thrombi prepared by FM showed mixed thrombus structure, similar to thromboemboli retrieved from acute stroke patients, while clots generated by SM were replete with erythrocytes. A total of twelve vessels in two swine were successfully occluded (TIMI 0 or 1), with sufficient radiopacity of each injected thrombus.

Conclusion

The thrombus prepared by FM had good mechanical stability, sufficient radiopacity, and similar histological structure of thromboemboli retrieved from stroke patients, which make it possible to be used in the evaluation of thrombectomy devices.     

Aneurysmally dilated major aorto-pulmonary collateral in tetralogy of Fallot

Haemodynamically significant systemic-to-pulmonary artery collaterals may present as a cause of cardiorespiratory compromise in tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) with pulmonary atresia. We present here a case of TOF with pulmonary atresia with aneurysmally dilated aorto-pulmonary collateral causing compression over trachea, presenting as dry irritating cough who died suddenly with haemoptysis probably due to rupture of hypertrophied bronchial collaterals or direct erosion of large major aorto-pulmonary collateral arteries (MAPCA) into the respiratory tract.     

Transcatheter closure of a residual aortopulmonary window through internal jugular vein access

The use of Amplatzer septal occluder for closing a residual aortopulmonary defect has been described. This is usually performed by femoral access. We report closure of a residual aortopulmonary defect using right internal jugular vein access in a patient who had no femoral access as a result of previous cannulation for surgical repair. The 1 cm defect was closed successfully using a 10 mm Amplatzer septal occluder.Technical difficulty anticipated was unfounded although it was more cumbersome than femoral access. Left to right cardiac defects including PDA and AP window are amenable to transcatheter closure through internal jugular vein access.     

A compact fiber-optic SHG scanning endomicroscope and its application to visualize cervical remodeling during pregnancy

We report the development of an all-fiber-optic scanning endomicroscope capable of high-resolution second harmonic generation (SHG) imaging of biological tissues and demonstrate its utility for monitoring the remodeling of cervical collagen during gestation in mice. The endomicroscope has an overall 2.0 mm diameter and consists of a single customized double-clad fiber, a compact rapid two-dimensional beam scanner, and a miniature compound objective lens for excitation beam delivery, scanning, focusing, and efficient SHG signal collection. Endomicroscopic SHG images of murine cervical tissue sections at different stages of normal pregnancy reveal progressive, quantifiable changes in cervical collagen morphology with resolution similar to that of bench-top SHG microscopy. SHG endomicroscopic imaging of ex vivo murine and human cervical tissues through intact epithelium has also been performed. Our findings demonstrate the feasibility of SHG endomicroscopy technology for staging normal pregnancy, and suggest its potential application as a minimally invasive tool for clinical assessment of abnormal cervical remodeling associated with preterm birth.     

模拟口腔环境下三种唇侧颈缘设计的金瓷冠适合性研究

目的:通过模拟口腔环境,探讨三种唇侧颈缘设计的镍铬合金烤瓷冠适合性的差异,为临床应用提供实验依据。方法:实验分内侧组、肩台组和边缘组,采用冷热循环实验,将粘固于代型上的修复体按5℃,60 s,室温60 s,55℃,60 s,室温60 s为一个循环,共5000循环,再测量3种设计的金瓷冠的垂直浮出量和水平浮出量的差异,并观察在口腔内试戴后的即刻牙龈美学效果,挑选出最佳的设计类型。结果:冷热循环后,三种设计的金瓷冠的垂直浮出量和水平浮出量均有所增大,肩台组的水平浮出量比内侧组和边缘组小,边缘组比内侧组小,颈缘使用了肩台瓷的内侧组比常规设计的边缘组和肩台组更加自然美观。结论:金瓷冠在口腔内使用之后适合性会变差,肩台瓷的使用可以提高金瓷冠的垂直边缘适合性。金属基底逐渐向肩台内侧边缘移行的设计形式不能提高烤瓷冠的水平边缘适合性。     

济南地区下切牙先天缺失患者颌面形态研究

目的通过对济南地区下切牙先天缺失患者X线头影测量分析,了解济南地区下切牙先天缺失患者颌面形态发育特征;探讨下切牙先天缺失对牙殆关系及颌面部发育的影响。方法选取80例13-21岁的下切牙先天缺失患者作为研究对象,对其进行X线头影测量分析。结果80例患者中,缺失1颗下切牙者为43例,占53．75％;缺失2颗下切牙者为37例,占46．25％。80例患者的矢状面型构成比为：Ⅰ类面型35％,Ⅱ类面型60％,Ⅲ类面型5％;垂直面型构成比为：均角型45％,高角型40％,低角型15％。结论济南地区下切牙先天缺失患者矢状向Ⅰ类面型构成比明显减小,Ⅱ类面型构成比明显增大;垂直向主要表现为均角型和高角型面型。多数患者表现为下颌骨发育不足,上下颌骨位置不调,下颌及其软组织后缩。     

Clinical definition of the axillary vein and experience with blind axillary puncture

The prevalence of congenital anomalies of the coronary arteries (CAAs) is reported to be approximately 0.2-1.4% of the general population. Of them, The double right coronary artery (RCA) is one of the rarest coronary anomalies. Nonetheless, there is no consensus of the definition of a double RCA until now. Several concepts have been proposed in order to define what is and is not a double RCA. So far, it was been reported 37 times and in 44 cases after a comprehensive literature search through the PubMed database, using the keywords “double right coronary artery,” “duplicated right coronary artery,” “dual right coronary artery” and “split right coronary artery.” Most of the published articles (28 of 37 articles) used the name “double right coronary artery.” Nevertheless, some investigators contended that a split RCA is anatomically the same anomaly as the improperly named “double right coronary artery”. The debate between those who favor “double RCA” and those who favor “split RCA” indicate the need for a consensus regarding the nomenclature as well diagnostic criteria of such coronary anomalies. It is the time we need to reach a consensus of the nomenclature of this congenital coronary anomaly.