剖宫产同时子宫肌瘤剔除35例临床研究

目的 探讨妊娠合并子宫肌瘤病人在剖宫产同时肌瘤剔除术的可行性，安全性。方法 妊娠合并子宫肌瘤35例，在剖宫产同时行肌瘤剔除术，与35例单纯剖宫产的产妇做对照。结果 手术时间，术后出血量，术后病率，术后住院天数，肌瘤剔除组与单纯剖宫产组比较，差异不显著（均P〉0．05）。结论 剖宫产同时行肌瘤剔除术是可行的，安全的。妊娠合并子宫肌瘤时，应放宽剖宫产指征，同时行子宫肌瘤剔除术。     

Frozen-section services by telepathology: Experience of 100 cases in the San-in District, Japan

The early experience is reported here of the use of Intra-operative frozen-section service by telepathology using the Integrated Service Digital Network (ISDN), a commercially available system that is being connected between the Department of Pathology of Tottori University and Matsue City Hospital, a distance of 30 km. The transfer rate is currently 64kbit/s. The frozen-section service was conducted for a total of 117 tissue specimens (organs) from 100 patients between August 1993 and May 1995. The average time taken for examination of each specimen of frozen section was 13min, ranging between 2 and 42min. The average number of transmitted Images was 6.2. Six cases necessitated more than 11 transmitted Images to make a diagnosis, while 13 cases could be diagnosed from two images only. Correct and permissible diagnoses were obtained in 109 (93.2%) out of 117 specimens when comparing the telepathology diagnosis with that of direct microscopy. Improper or misdiag-nosis was made for eight cases (specimens), which were misinterpreted as papillary carcinoma in Basedow's disease, adenoma and hyperplasia in two pheochromocytomas, solid-tubular carcinoma in phyilodes tumor, mastopathy in invasive carcinoma, metastatic carcinoma in astrocytoma, follicular lymphoma in reactive hyperplasia, and lymphadenitis in follicular lymphoma. in retrospect, diagnosis of these cases should have been deferred. From the results, it was concluded that the Intraoperatlve frozen-section service by telepathology may be a worthwhile substitute for hospitals with limited accessibility to local pathology service, in spite of pitfalls in some cases. Well prepared, high-quality frozen sections, sufficient verbal communication with surgeons, and a rather conservative attitude on the part of a well-trained pathologist seem to be the essential Ingredients for reaching an accurate decision when using telepathology.     

长骨内开口效应对其力学性能影响的理论模型研究

建立一个股骨中段的外侧皮质带有矩形开口的力学模型,采用有限元方法,计算骨开口区的尺寸改变时,股骨的扭转刚度和应力分布的变化。结果表明:骨开口长度为骨外径的1倍时(1OD),对股骨扭转刚度和剪应力分布的影响较小;开口长度从2OD增至4OD时扭转刚度急剧减小,而且剪应力的最大值位于开口区中心。本结论对临床骨科的手术治疗方法和骨开口尺寸的控制提供了重要的理论依据。     

双胎妊娠44例临床分析

本文对我院1990～1995年间44例双胎妊娠的分娩方式进行了分析。指出双胎妊娠由于胎位异常、产力异常及妊娠并发症多等因素,难产及手术产率均较单胎明显增高。在25例经阴道分娩的双胎中,阴道手术产率为64％,本组双胎剖宫产率为43.22％。本文认为双胎妊娠的分娩方式应掌握以下原则:当第一胎儿为臀泣、第二胎位为头位,尤其是胎儿较大、羊水较少时,应考虑剖宫产。而单纯的第二胎儿臀位可以经阴道分娩,不必常规剖宫产。     

Detection of capsid antigen of human papillomavirus (HPV) in benign lesions of female genital tract using anti-HPV monoclonal antibody.

We established a murine monoclonal antibody (K1H8) to human papillomavirus (HPV) using alkaline-disrupted virions of HPV type 1 (HPV-1) as the immunogen. K1H8 recognized a 57 kD capsid protein of HPV-1 and detected the antigen in paraffin sections of formalin-fixed tissue. With K1H8, we examined immunohistochemically 68 biopsy specimens obtained from the female genital tract. The specimens were histologically condyloma acuminatum or koilocytotic lesions with or without dysplasia and each specimen was found to harbour a single type of genital HPV, such as types 6, 11, 16, 18, 31, 33, 42, 51, 52, 56, and 58, by Southern blot hybridization analysis. The antigen was localized in the nuclei and occasionally in the cytoplasm of squamous cells showing koilocytotic changes. Eighty-four per cent of the specimens (57 cases) showed positivity for the antigen, indicating that K1H8 is a broadly-reactive antibody to various genital HPVs. The results suggest that benign mucosal lesions of the female genital tract are more frequently associated with viral production and are a potential source of transmission.     

额叶脑回的横断层定位

目的:在横切面上利用髓突对成人端脑额叶脑回进行影像学定位.方法:取20例正常成人尸头标本,作层厚6mm之横切脑片,选取其中典型层面,观察分析额上、中、下回所对应髓突的方向、数目等特征形态.结果:各切面.各脑回所对应髓突为1～2支;时针12-12点半方向髓突所对应脑回是额上回;时针12点半-1点(左)及10点半-11点半(右)方向髓突所对应脑回是额中回;时针2-3点(左)及9-11点(右)方向髓突所对应脑回是额下回.结论:额上、中、下回与髓突之间有对应规律可寻,影像学上可以通过髓突定位额上、中、下回.     

琼脂石蜡双包埋切片在胸水细胞学诊断中的应用

目的探讨胸水琼脂石蜡双包埋切片在肿瘤细胞学诊断中的意义。方法对44例胸水沉淀物分别进行常规涂片和琼脂石蜡双包埋切片,并对琼脂石蜡双包埋切片进行免疫组织化学染色。结果在确诊的21例恶性胸水中,琼脂石蜡双包埋切片法检测癌细胞的阳性率为90.48%,显著高于涂片法52.38%。11例涂片法阳性的标本中,只有5例做出了病理分类诊断,而19例琼脂石蜡双包埋切片阳性的标本均做出了病理分类诊断。琼脂石蜡双包埋切片的免疫组织化学染色阳性结果定位准确,图象背景清晰。结论琼脂石蜡双包埋切片细胞集中,可以提高恶性胸水癌细胞的检出率和做出分型的病理诊断,利于以及进行免疫组织化学检测。     

精子形成过程中内质网的形态研究——超薄切片和冷冻蚀刻复型膜的电镜观察

本文报道了对超薄切片和冷冻蚀刻技术制备的小白鼠、大白鼠睾丸精小管样品的观察结果。在透射电镜下高尔基期精子细胞内质网较少;头帽期精子细胞内质网增多,有泡状、管状,并互相吻合形成交错的网络;高尔基期和头帽期精子细胞的内质网包裹高尔基复合体,与头帽的形成有关。顶体期精子细胞内质网最丰富,参与精子尾部轴丝、密纤维的形成。此期还可见到环形片层——放射体结构;成熟期精子细胞内质网退化、消失。由此可见内质网的变化与精子顶体、轴丝和密纤维的形成有密切关系。     

The AMeX method: a multipurpose tissue-processing and paraffin-embedding method. III. Extraction and purification of RNA and application to slot-blot hybridization analysis.

RNA was extracted from tissues processed by a new fixation and paraffin-embedding method (the AMeX method) and examined by Northern blot analysis and slot-blot analysis. The RNA extraction method for AMeX-processed tissue sections after the deparaffinization step was the same as that for fresh materials. The total amount of cellular RNA extracted from AMeX-processed mouse liver tissue was slightly less than that extracted from fresh tissue. In tissues of malignant lymphoma, the total amount of cellular RNA extracted from 25 sections each 20 microns thick was about 1.6-1.8 micrograms/mm2, regardless of the histological subtype and period of storage. The extracted RNA was moderately degraded, and usually could not be used for Northern blot hybridization analysis. The intensity of ethidium bromide staining and the hybridization signals of RNA extracted from AMeX-processed tissues were usually reduced in comparison with RNA from fresh material, but specific signals could be detected by slot-blot hybridization analysis. We have demonstrated previously that the AMeX method preserves high-molecular-weight DNA and various antigens. Since the present study showed that information on mRNA can be obtained from AMeX-processed tissue, the versatility and usefulness of this method were further proven.     

环境物理因子的最佳条件的选择

目的：利用黄金数比例规律找出环境物理因子对人体的最佳条件：方法：人体的相当一部分内容与黄金数有着密切的联系，为此把复杂的人体可以简化为比例加破缺的比例实体；环境物理因子：如环境温度、湿度、环境光波和声波以及环境气压和氧分压，当它们处在黄金数比例附近时，会在人体产生和谐合柏作用。结果：环境物理因子选择在黄金数比例附近时，在心理上产生美和舒适感。已经发现，当精神愉快时，人脑电波频率下限(8Hz)和上限(12．9Hz)之比恰为黄金数。结论：环境物理因子的最佳条件是可以选择的。