MOC-31在肺癌患者胸水中的表达及意义

胸水是肺部多种疾病的常见并发症,其中绝大多数恶性胸水是由肺腺癌引起。常规细胞学检查主要根据细胞形态进行诊断,由于腺癌细胞与反应性间皮细胞形态极为相似,故鉴别以上两种细胞是诊断恶性胸水的最大难点。MOC-31特异的表达于肺癌患者胸水内的癌细胞,而不表达或低表达于反应性间皮细胞,通过多种手段对其进行检测,可为临床肺癌的诊断提供科学依据。     

人胰腺癌鸡胚模型的建立及其肿瘤生物学观察

目的 建立人胰腺癌鸡胚移植模型，为临床胰腺癌研究提供一种简便实用的工具。方法 将人胰腺癌细胞系SW1990细胞接种到鸡胚绒毛尿囊膜（CAM）上，动态观察移植瘤的形态及肿瘤生物学特性，分析影响移植瘤成活的因素，并对瘤组织行组织学检查。结果 成功建立了人胰腺癌鸡胚移植模型，移植瘤组织学结构与人胰腺癌相似；接种癌细胞数量影响接种成瘤率，接种癌细胞数量越大，成瘤率越高；移植瘤可诱发血管生成并向肿瘤呈放射状集中。结论 将SW1990细胞接种到鸡胚上建立鸡胚移植胰腺癌是可行的，本模型可动态观察胰腺癌生长，模拟其在体内生长情况，为胰腺癌研究提供一种简便实用的工具。     

《病原生物与免疫学》在高职医疗美容技术专业中的应用实践探索

为了更好地适用于高职医疗美容技术专业岗位需求,对《病原生物与免疫学》课程改革追本溯源,在教学思想、教学内容方面以3大目标为指导,以8大项目为中心为专业量身打造《病原生物与免疫学》课程。在教学问题处理方面从“高职学生”和“医疗美容技术专业”两个方面把脉问诊,对《病原生物与免疫学》课程进行了深度改革,探索突破医学基础课程服务专业的瓶颈,做好高职人才培养中医学基础课程与专业课程的对接。     

Deficiency of macrophage PHACTR1 impairs efferocytosis and promotes atherosclerotic plaque necrosis

Efferocytosis, the process through which apoptotic cells (ACs) are cleared through actin-mediated engulfment by macrophages, prevents secondary necrosis, suppresses inflammation, and promotes resolution. Impaired efferocytosis drives the formation of clinically dangerous necrotic atherosclerotic plaques, the underlying etiology of coronary artery disease (CAD). An intron of the gene encoding PHACTR1 contains rs9349379 (A>G), a common variant associated with CAD. As PHACTR1 is an actin-binding protein, we reasoned that if the rs9349379 risk allele G causes lower PHACTR1 expression in macrophages, it might link the risk allele to CAD via impaired efferocytosis. We show here that rs9349379-G/G was associated with lower levels of PHACTR1 and impaired efferocytosis in human monocyte–derived macrophages and human atherosclerotic lesional macrophages compared with rs9349379-A/A. Silencing PHACTR1 in human and mouse macrophages compromised AC engulfment, and Western diet–fed Ldlr^–/– mice in which hematopoietic Phactr1 was genetically targeted showed impaired lesional efferocytosis, increased plaque necrosis, and thinner fibrous caps — all signs of vulnerable plaques in humans. Mechanistically, PHACTR1 prevented dephosphorylation of myosin light chain (MLC), which was necessary for AC engulfment. In summary, rs9349379-G lowered PHACTR1, which, by lowering phospho-MLC, compromised efferocytosis. Thus, rs9349379-G may contribute to CAD risk, at least in part, by impairing atherosclerotic lesional macrophage efferocytosis.     

人正常主动脉瓣、风湿性主动脉瓣间质细胞的生物学行为比较

目的　比较人正常主动脉瓣、风湿性主动脉瓣瓣膜间质细胞体外培养的生物学特性。方法　从人正常主动脉瓣和风湿性病变主动脉瓣组织分离培养瓣膜间质细胞 ,在细胞形态学和生长动力学方面进行比较研究。结果　体外培养的正常主动脉瓣瓣膜间质细胞与风湿性主动脉瓣瓣膜间质细胞在形态学方面差异无显著性 ,但风湿性病变瓣膜间质细胞排列更加紊乱 ,极性消失 ,有交叉重叠现象 ,细胞浆内有较多残余小体。在接种相同的细胞密度和相同的培养条件下 ,两者细胞生长率为 (2 .0 5± 0 .1 0 ) %、(2 .1 3± 0 .1 2 ) %、分裂指数为 (2 1 .32± 1 .46)‰、(2 4 .2 5± 1 .98)‰、克隆形成率为 (45 .2 0± 2 .50 ) %、(48.60± 2 .82 ) %差异无显著性 (P >0 .0 5)。结论　正常与风湿性病变主动脉瓣瓣膜间质细胞在体外培养状态下 ,其形态学和生长动力学 ,具有相似的生物学特性     

表达增强型绿色荧光蛋白的骨肉瘤细胞亚株建立及生物学特性

目的 建立经绿色荧光蛋白基因转染的骨肉瘤细胞亚株并研究其生物特性。方法 利用脂质体转染增强型绿色荧光蛋白真核表达质粒（pEGFP-N1）人人骨肉瘤MG63细胞系，通过有限稀释法和细胞电泳，获得两株细胞克隆M6和M8，经体外细胞增殖、软琼脂形成、生长曲线、裸鼠成瘤试验综合分析其生物学行为改变。应用组织形态学观察、染色体分析、软琼脂克隆形成法研究癌细胞的生物学特性。结果 M6和M8两株在细胞电泳率和侵袭性上差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05），其中M6的群体倍增时间为38．4h，软琼脂形成率为18．7％，M8群体倍增时间为23．0h，软琼脂形成率为29．3％。裸小鼠背部皮下接种M6和M8，发现M8成瘤时间短，细胞增殖快，但在4周内两者均不发生转移。结论 骨肉瘤细胞亚系有不同的转移特性，GFP的整合及表达未对MG63细胞的生长状态造成明显影响，可作为报告基因进一步了解骨肉瘤细胞转移的差异性分析。     

遗传性骨软骨瘤软骨细胞的生物学特性

目的:观察遗传性骨软骨瘤软骨细胞的生物学特性。方法:采用透射电镜、细胞培养等方法观察肿瘤软骨细胞形态特征;同时观察肿瘤软骨细胞的增殖、贴附能力,与正常人关节软骨细胞做对照。结果:透射电镜(TEM)发现肿瘤软骨细胞膜附近含有大量的微丝结构,集结成束,与细胞突起有关;体外单层培养发现肿瘤软骨细胞突起增多,细胞呈现星形;骨软骨瘤软骨细胞的增殖与贴附能力随着传代的增加减慢和减低,传4代细胞增殖能力和贴附能力均与肿瘤原代细胞及正常关节软骨细胞具有明显差别(P<0.1)。结论:骨软骨瘤软骨细胞虽然与正常软骨细胞大体相似,但生物学特性存在明显区别:细胞形态改变,微丝增加,细胞增殖与贴附能力等均不同于正常软骨细胞。     

Differential inhibition of mitochondrial monoamine oxidase from brain by hashish components

Monoamine oxidase (MAO) of porcine brain mitochondria was differentially affected by hashish components: with benzylamine as a substrate, Δ¹-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ¹-THC) inhibited MAO activity markedly, while cannabidiol (CBD) was essentially innocuous at the same concentrations. When added concomitantly, CBD obviated the inhibitory effect of Δ¹-THC. An extract of hashish was over 10-fold more inhibitory toward MAO than Δ¹-THC on weight basis. A prior incubation of the mitochondrial preparation with the cannabis compounds was required to express the inhibitory effect. Liver mitochondrial MAO was not affected by either Δ¹-THC, CBD or hashish extract, despite a prolonged preincubation period, thus demonstrating tissue selectivity with respect to the cannabinoid effect.     

Analysis of human class II antigen alpha chain genes: a summary

A cDNA clone corresponding to the HLA-DR alpha chain has been isolated following immunoprecipitation of polysomes with a monoclonal antibody against the denatured DR alpha chain. This cDNA clone has been used to isolate and solve the complete structure of the DR alpha chain gene and a cDNA clone corresponding to the DC alpha chain. The DR alpha and the DC alpha chains bear remarkable homology to each other and have one domain (alpha 2) which is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily. The DC alpha chain gene has been demonstrated to be the homologue of the murine I-A alpha chain gene, and it has been localized on chromosome 6 using deletion mutants. A restriction enzyme polymorphism of the DC alpha chain gene has been detected in HLA-DR homozygous typing cells. This report is a summary of a presentation made at the HLA-DR meeting held in Marseille, France.