抗负荷力量训练中应用电刺激对肌力及FT％的影响

以１８名男性运动员为研究对象，随机分为对照组（Ⅰ）与实验组（Ⅱ），进行下肢抗负荷力量训练。实验组进行力量训练的同时，对受试者股四头肌实施电刺激。实验前后对受试者进行６０°／ｓ、２４０°／ｓ的等速肌力矩测试和ＦＴ％的无损伤测定。据测试，对照组６０°／ｓ、２４０°／ｓ等速伸膝肌力矩以及ＦＴ％分别提高５．７２％、７．７１％（Ｐ＜０．０１）和２．５０％（Ｐ＞０．０５）；实验组相应值分别为８．６０％、１１．２３％（Ｐ＜０．０１）和８．９０％（Ｐ＜０．０１）。组间比较，两种速度下的等速肌力矩及ＦＴ％的增长差异显著。表明肌肉动态力量训练中辅以电刺激，能有效地提高肌肉力量，并对骨骼肌ＦＴ％有显著性影响。     

亚强刺激电流在肌松监测中应用与评价

肌松监测中应用超强刺激电流所致的不适感已引起关注，近年有学者提出监测非去极化阻占用亚强刺激电流。本文综述超强与亚强刺激电流的概念及所致的不适感的比较，亚强刺激电流的筛选与确立，超强与亚强刺激电流测非去极化阻滞的比较。     

带血管蒂髂骨瓣移植修复下肢骨及其周围软组织缺损

目的探讨带血管蒂髂骨瓣移植在修复下肢骨及其周围软组织缺损中的作用。方法针对小腿、足解剖结构和伤后骨与软组织易缺损的特点,利用游离髂骨移植必须携带周围肌肉,设计带血管蒂的髂骨肌肉瓣,移植修复下肢骨及软组织缺损;髂骨肌肉瓣血管与受区血管吻合后于骨瓣周围肌肉表面皮片覆盖。结果手术后1周,移植皮片全部植在髂骨周围的肌肉表面,皮片成活间接证明移植骨瓣成活;皮片全部成活4例,大部分成活3例;术后1个月均可见髂骨瓣与受区断端间有少量的骨痂形成,修复足跖骨4个月后拔除克氏针,胫骨6～8个月拆除外固定架,扶拐行走2～4个月：术后随访经6～15个月(平均10个月),双下肢等长,无溃疡,行走负重良好,外形及功能满意。结论单纯髂骨游离移植修复骨及软组织缺损一次完成手术操作,解剖塑形及外观比传统术式更满意,是修复小腿及足外伤软组织和骨缺损的较好术式。     

论我国医疗美容产业的可持续发展

目的探讨我国医疗美容事业的产业化属性、经济学地位,以及如何达到全面、协调和可持续发展的大目标。方法逻辑论证。结果认识到医疗美容产业是“医疗美容经济”系统的核心要素;揭示了医疗美容产业具有“人本经济”的特征,民营医疗美容产业是发展医疗美容事业的重要力量,医疗美容产业的发展是当代中国医学美学与美容医学整体学科建设和发展的社会基础和经济基础。结论医疗美容产业的形成是医疗美容事业在社会主义市场经济条件下发展的必然趋势,同时提出了医疗美容产业健康发展的三大措施：增强产业意识;加强行业规范;实行人本管理。最终的结论是：医疗美容事业利用产业化机制,走产业化发展的道路,促进了整个社会医疗美容事业的全面、协调和可持续发展。     

氯解磷定对急性氧乐果中毒大鼠的疗效和作用机制

目的　探讨肟类药物氯解磷定 (PAM Cl)对急性氧乐果中毒大鼠的疗效和作用机制。方法　比较氧乐果染毒 ( 5 0mg/kg ,灌胃 )大鼠PAM Cl治疗组与未治疗组中毒症状及全血胆碱酯酶 (ChE)活力的变化 ,并用电刺激单纤维肌电图 (SSFEMG)研究PAM Cl对急性氧乐果中毒大鼠神经肌肉传导 (NMT)的影响。结果 ( 1)氧乐果染毒大鼠在给予PAM Cl治疗后 ,中毒症状减轻 ,症状出现时间延迟 ,存活时间明显延长 ;( 2 )PAM Cl治疗和未治疗组全血ChE活力无明显差异 (t =0 19,P >0 0 5 ) ;( 3 )急性氧乐果中毒大鼠腓肠肌的单肌纤维动作电位平均连续差 (MCD)[( 3 2 78± 5 79) μs]比正常对照大鼠MCD [( 19 3 3± 1 3 0 ) μs]明显延长 ,差异有显著性 (t =7 87,P <0 0 0 1) ;在给予PAM Cl治疗后 ,MCD [( 2 4 2 7± 6 48) μs]明显低于治疗前 (配对t=14 2 ,P <0 0 0 1) ,而与正常对照大鼠MCD差异无显著性 (t=1 67,P >0 0 5 )。结论　PAM Cl对急性氧乐果中毒有治疗作用 ,该作用是通过改善神经肌肉传导阻滞来实现的 ,即“非ChE重活化效应”。     

Hybrid retroviral vector with MCK enhancers inserted in LTR for stable and specific expression of human factor IX in skeletal muscle

Background Retroviral vectors have been widely used to introduce foreign into various target cells in vitro, thus showing relatively high systemic delivery efficiency of various transgene products. The authors investigated the stability and efficiency of skeletal muscle-specific hybrid retroviral vectors in expression of human factor IX (FIX) in vitro and iv vivo.Methods FIX cDNA in LIXSN vector was replaced with a FIX minigene containing splicing donor and splicing acceptor sequence of first intron of human FIX gene. Two copies of muscle creatine kinase enhancer (MCK, Me2) were inserted in forward or reverse orientation at Nhel site of 3‘ long terminal repeat (LTR), resulting in two hybrid vectors, which were designated as LMe2lXm2SN (F) and LMe2lXm2SN(R), respectively. The vectors were tested in vitro and in vivo for stability and musclespecificity of factor IX expression with SCID mice.Results Muscle cells carrying vector with Me2 expressed significantly higher levels of FIX (up to 1800 ng/106.24h) than those without Me2, thus suggesting that Me2 could specifically increase expression level of FIX in muscle cells. Myoblasts transduced with LMe2lXm2SN(R) produced much less FIX in vivo in SCID mice than LMe2lXm2SN(F). One or two copies of Me2 sequence were deleted in myoblasts transduced with LMe2lXm2SN(R) without changing the orientation of Me2.Conclusions LTR inserted with MCK enhancers can specifically increase human FIX expression in skeletal muscle cells in vitro and in vivo, and MCK enhancer should be positioned in the same orientation as that of LTR promoter.     

瘫痿胶囊及泼尼松联合治疗重症肌无力20例

重症肌无力(myasthenta gravis,MG)是较为明确的自身免疫性疾病,是一种比较常见的神经肌肉疾病,激素是治疗MG的一线药物。然而,皮质激素全面抑制免疫反应,在治疗的同时,也带来了难以克服的缺点。鉴于重症肌无力目前的治疗难点,本研究的目的是探讨在激素治疗的基础上加用中药制剂,以提高和巩固疗效,减少复发,缩短激素疗程并减轻激素的不良反应。     

Gene expression and antitumor effect following imelectroporation delivery of human interferon α2 gene

AIM: To investigate the gene expression and antitumor effect following im electroporation delivery of human interferon alpha 2 (hIFN-alpha 2) gene. METHODS: The pcD2/hIFN-alpha 2 was injected into the middle of the quadriceps muscle of female BALB/c mice or the leukemia-bearing female BALB/c nude mice, and then electroporation was given to the injection site. Optimal electrical parameters and the efficiency of gene transfer was studied with hIFN-alpha 2 ELISA kit. The HL-60 tumor model in BALB/c nude mice was used to investigate therapeutic effects of im electroporation delivery of pcD2/hIFN-alpha 2. RESULTS: The optimal conditions for the electric pulses were as follows: voltage at 200 V/cm; pulse duration at 40 ms per pulse; number of pulse at 6 pulses and frequency at 1 Hz. Under optimal conditions, the serum hIFN-alpha 2 levels in electroporation group (160 microg/L+/-31 microg/L) were 45-fold higher than those of nonelectroporation group (3.6 microg/L+/-1.6 microg/L, P<0.01). The growth of leukemia was inhibited more obviously and the survival time of the leukemia-bearing nude mice was prolonged after im electroporation delivery of pcD2/hIFN-alpha 2 100 microg or 200 microg. CONCLUSION: Electroporation was an efficient method for the delivery of plasmid DNA and im electroporation delivery of pcD2/hIFN-alpha 2 was effective in treating leukemia.