右半结肠切除术中吻合器的应用

我院2002年1月至2005年12月收住右半结肠肿瘤患者110例，均行右半结肠切除术。术中采用强生公司CDH管状吻合器吻合。现将体会报告如下。     

弧形切割吻合器在低位直肠癌超低位前切除术中的应用

目的总结弧形切割吻合器在低位直肠癌超低位前切除术中的应用价值。方法2005年12月至2006年9月选择56例低位直肠癌患者在全直肠系膜切除和侧方淋巴结清扫的基础上,应用弧形切割吻合器对直肠(肛管)残端进行切割、闭合,用33mm管型吻合器进行超低位结肠-直肠(肛管)吻合术。结果56例低位直肠癌患者术中没有发生切割和闭合不全的病例,吻合口无渗漏。手术后住院时间为(11.2±3.2)d,无死亡者。发生吻合口瘘2例(3.6%),经过局部引流而自然愈合1例,因直肠阴道瘘进行横结肠造口转流1例,无吻合口狭窄。结论弧形切割吻合器在低位直肠癌超低位前切除术中具有切割完整、闭合确实、吻合口瘘发生率低的优点,有良好的应用推广价值。     

低位直肠癌的保肛手术

目的 探讨如何选择合适的保肛手术方法治疗低位直肠癌。方法 44例肿块下缘距肛缘5～7cm的低位直肠癌患者,对21例采用改良的结肠肛管吻合术(A组)、23例应用吻合器技术的前切除术(B组)进行治疗;并对两组疗效予以对比。结果 A组患者无远端直肠残端肿瘤残留,B组有2例。肿瘤远端直肠切除距离A组平均为(2.81±0.35)cm,B组(1.73±0.42)cm。两组比较,差异有显著性意义(t=9.083,P<0.001)。A组术后两年均无吻合口复发,B组有4例,B组吻合口复发率明显高于A组(x~2=4.234,P=0.04)。A组术后早期排便功能较差,但均能在半年内改善;B组术后排便功能良好。结论 低位直肠癌患者肿瘤下缘距肛缘5～7cm、肿瘤“T”分期为Ⅱ、Ⅲ期、术前指诊肿瘤可推动、肿瘤侵犯肠壁范围不到1周可行保肛手术。应根据患者体型、骨盆宽窄、肿瘤分化程度及其侵犯肠管的周径合理选择改良的结肠肛管吻合术或吻合器技术的前切除术。     

应用吻合器行中位直肠癌保肛根治术85例临床分析

目的：评价吻合器在中位直肠癌保肛根治术中的应用价值。方法：应用吻合器行直肠前切除保留肛门治疗85例中位直肠癌。结果：本组无手术死亡，无吻合口瘘、吻合口狭窄发生。术后随访6-102个月，局部复发4例，其中Dukes B期I例，Dukes C期3例，复发率为4.7％；10例(11.4％)术后有不同程度的排便功能不良现象发生。结论：吻合器的应用提高了中位直肠癌保肛手术成功率，降低了吻合口瘘、吻合口狭窄的发生率。     

全器械吻合法在全胃切除术后胃肠道重建中的应用(附56例报告)

目的评价机械吻合在全胃切除后消化道重建中的应用价值。方法回顾性分析56例胃恶性肿瘤患者全胃切除后应用管状吻合器吻合进行消化道重建的临床资料。结果本组每例手术时间为70～180min，平均手术时间90．5min。无手术死亡。术后无一例发生吻合口瘘（食管空肠吻合处）；4例发生吻合口溃疡，2例发生吻合口狭窄，吻合口狭窄率为3．57％，吻合口溃疡发生率为7．10％。结论全机械吻合在全胃切除术中具有操作简便、安全可靠、疗效确切，可缩短手术时间，减少术后吻合口瘘及吻合口狭窄率等优点，值得推广应用。     

吻合器痔切闭术可能发生的并发症及防治

目的探讨吻合器痔切闭术治疗环状混合痔术后并发症的防治。方法采用国产吻合器治疗环状混合痔52例，分析和总结全部病例的临床诊治资料和随访结果。结果术后20例患者未住院，32例患者住院3—6d，愈合期为8—17d。随访1-8个月，近期疗效满意。术后主要并发症有出血、疼痛、尿潴留、吻合钉存留、肛乳头肥大、黏膜下脓肿、吻合口裂开等。结论经过预防和治疗，全部治愈；无严重并发症发生。     

单、双吻合器在直肠癌手术中的应用

应用吻合器行直肠癌手术85例（单吻合器55例，双吻合器30例），分析手术操作方法及并发症。结果：术后吻合口漏发生率单吻合器手术（7．27％，4／55）稍高于双吻合器手术（3．33％，1／30），其他术后并发症无明显差异。表明吻合器技术、特别是双吻合器技术可使盆腔深处的吻合更为简便可行，且不增加术后并发症。     

不同门奇断流术式对门静脉高压症犬食管下段血管再生的影响

Objective To explore the effect on blood vessel regeneration of distal esophagus in ca-nines of portal hypertension with liver cirrhosis after different procedures with paraesophagastrie devascular-ization. Methods Portal hypertension models were produced in canines by subcutaneous injection of 60% CC14 combined with food restriction. Forty eight model canines were randomly divided into 4 groups: group A, traditional paraesophagastrie devascularization;group B, selective paraesophagastric devascularization;group C, paraesophagastric devascularization plus distal esophageal transaction and reanastomosis with sta-pler;group D,control group. Every group had 12 canines which were randomly divided into A1 ,B1 ,C1 ,D1, A2,B2,C2 and D2 groups after the operation. Canines in groups A1 ,B1 ,C1 and D1 were executed at first month after the operation,and those in groups A2, B2, C2 and D2 were executed at the 6th month after the operation. The distal esophagus was segmented when the canines were executed. The upside and downside of the stoma in group C were distinguished and signed as Ca and Cb. Immunohistochemieal methods were used to detect VEGF,CD34 and FVⅧ-Rag,blood vessel-related factors,in lower esophagus. Results The expres-sion levels of VEGF and CD34 MVD,FⅧ-Rag MVD in groups A1 ,B1 and C1 were lower than those in group D1 one month after the operation (P <0.05). All the indices in group B1 were lower than those in groups A1 and Clb,but higher than those in group Cla (P <0.05). The indices in group Cla were lower than those in group C1b (P < 0.05 ). The indices in groups A2 and B2 were higher than those in groups A1 and B1, re-spectively at the 6th month after the operation (P <0.05). They were higer in outer membrane in group C1a than in group C2a (P <0.05). The indices in group C2b were higher than those in group Clb (P<0.05). Conclusion At the first month after operation, the expression of blood vessel-related factors was declined in three different procedures of paraesophagastric devascularization,which indicated that all three different pro-cedures could diminish the vessels in distal esophagus. The effect in group C was most obvious among all groups. At the 6th month after traditional paraesophagastrie devascularization and selective paraesophagastrie devascularization, the expression of blood vessel-related factors in distal esophagus was declined. But there were no significant changes in the expression of blood vessel-related factors in distal esophagus after parae-sophagastric devascularization plus distal esophageal transaction and reanastomosis with stapler. It indicated that the blood vessel regeneration in paraesophagastric devascularization pins distal esophageal transaction and reanastomosis with stapler was inferior to that in other procedures.     

食管癌术后吻合口瘘的预防

胸内食管胃吻合口瘘是食管癌根治术中最严重的并发症之一，其发病率平均为5％～10％，死亡率可高达28．5％～71％。吻合口瘘发生率的高低与手术方式、方法、技术等有一定的关系，颈部吻合比胸内吻合瘘的发生率高数倍。1999年9月～2003年8月，应用国产吻合器（WGW-2—26型）连续施行食管癌及食管胃胸内吻合术33例，无吻合口瘘发生，疗效满意。现报告如下。