一种复合微生物菌肥对穿心莲生长、品质及土壤性质的影响

目的：研究一种微生物复合菌肥对穿心莲生长、品质及土壤性质的影响,旨在为穿心莲栽培生产中微生物复合菌肥的应用提供依据。方法：通过盆栽的共5个处理试验,CK（不施肥）组、A处理（施化肥）组、B处理（施微生物菌肥,施用量为2.5 g·kg-1土）组、C处理（施微生物菌肥,施用量为7.5 g·kg-1土）组、D处理（施微生物菌肥,施用量为12.5 g·kg-1土）组,研究一种复合微生物菌肥对穿心莲的农艺性状、有效成分含量及根际土壤细菌、放线菌、真菌的数量和土壤理化性质的影响。结果：施加一定量的复合微生物菌肥,穿心莲的株高、叶片数、叶面积、地上部、地下部鲜重较CK组和A处理组显著升高,不同生长期有差异。复合微生物菌肥对穿心莲内酯、脱水穿心莲内酯、新穿心莲内酯及14-去氧穿心莲内酯含量影响有差异,与CK组、A处理组比较,C处理组的穿心莲内酯分别明显升高26.13%、13.23%(P<0.05);新穿心莲内酯的含量随微生物菌肥施加量的增加而增加,在D处理组下的效应最显著,与CK组、A处理组比较,分别明显升高9.06%、50.33%(P<0.05);B处理组的14-去氧穿心莲内酯较A处理组...     

慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者呼出气NO含量的变化及吸入NO对其肺功能的影响

为探讨一氧化氮 (NO)在慢性阻塞性肺疾病 (COPD)发病中的作用及吸入NO对COPD肺功能的影响 ,本研究检测了COPD患者鼻、口呼出气中NO的含量及吸入不同浓度 (10～ 80ppm)NO时肺功能和血气指标。结果表明 :COPD患者鼻、口呼出气NO含量均明显低于对照组 (P <0 .0 1) ,且COPD和对照组口呼出气NO含量低于鼻呼出气 (P <0 .0 1) ;吸入 2 0～ 80ppmNO能明显改善COPD患者部分肺通气功能指标(FEV1、FEV1/FVC、FEV1%、PEF) ,且呈效量依赖关系 ,但对肺容量和肺弥散功能指标无明显影响 ;吸入NO后COPD患者PaCO2 增加 ,但对PaCO2 和高铁血红蛋白无明显影响。提示NO合成减少可能介导了COPD的发病 ,吸入一定浓度的NO可改善COPD患者肺通气功能和PaO2     

半夏人造土栽培及生长习性研究

半夏在自然状态下,繁殖率低,生长慢。为提高栽培效益,从生长习性入手,采用人造土栽培、控制土层厚度、施用营养液,以及全光照等措施,可使半夏一次播种,获得连续数年高产。本项研究结果可供产业化生产参考。     

中国内陆盐地药产业培植与可持续发展的研究

我国有9913km2内陆盐地,分布着适应性极强的盐生植物,其中内陆盐地药不仅具有特定的地理单元、特殊的生态环境和独特的化学成分,也是改良内陆盐渍的先锋物种.本文在内陆干旱封闭生态系统盐渍化防治研究的基础上,提出了中国内陆盐地药产业培植与可持续发展的新思路,并从内陆盐地药产业的培植与可持续发展理论基础,从内陆盐地药产业的培植能为农民带来巨大的经济效益等方面,阐述了培植内陆盐地药产业的科学依据和实证研究.     

中国内陆盐地药产业培植与可持续发展的研究

我国有9913km2内陆盐地,分布着适应性极强的盐生植物,其中内陆盐地药不仅具有特定的地理单元、特殊的生态环境和独特的化学成分,也是改良内陆盐渍的先锋物种。本文在内陆干旱封闭生态系统盐渍化防治研究的基础上,提出了中国内陆盐地药产业培植与可持续发展的新思路,并从内陆盐地药产业的培植与可持续发展理论基础,从内陆盐地药产业的培植能为农民带来巨大的经济效益等方面,阐述了培植内陆盐地药产业的科学依据和实证研究。     

不同种类种植黄连土壤营养特性的初步研究

目的:通过对种植黄连(简称植连)土壤营养条件进行研究,为黄连的科学施肥提供依据。方法:利用常规方法对重庆石柱主要植连土壤植连前后土壤养分进行测定。结果与结论:植连基础土壤呈强酸性,有机质和全量氮、钾含量较高,全磷含量极低;除有效氮含量较高外,其余11个营养元素含量低且变异大(锌、钼除外)。种植黄连4年后的土壤pH提高,有机质、有效大量元素、中量元素(硫除外)和微量元素锰、锌、硼含量提高,土壤有效铁、铜含量明显降低,各养分元素的变异系数大大降低,土壤肥力水平差异减小。     

苍术根际区土壤养分变化规律

目的:分析苍术根际区土壤养分的变化规律。方法:对比分析不同产地,相同立地环境下栽培与野生,及不同生长年限栽培苍术根际区土壤全氮、碱解氮、有效磷、有效钾、有机质及pH的差异。结果:茅山(MS)、罗田(LT)及妙峰山(MFS)苍术根际区土壤全氮、碱解氮、有效磷、有效钾、有机质及pH含量均有显著差异(P<0.01),6项指标平均值都是MS样品最低,MFS样品最高,而LT样品居中;栽培苍术根际区土壤全氮、有机质、碱解氮显著低于野生苍术根际区土壤(P<0.01),有效磷,pH高于野生苍术根际区土壤(P<0.05),有效钾没有差异(P>0.05);2年生苍术根际区土壤有效磷含量显著高于1年生苍术根际区土壤(P<0.01),全氮、有机质、碱解氮、有效钾及pH差异不显著(P>0.05)。结论:茅山苍术在生长发育过程中受到较重养分缺乏胁迫,主要表现为缺钾胁迫。     

Influence of Humans on Evolution and Mobilization of Environmental Antibiotic Resistome

The clinical failure of antimicrobial drugs that were previously effective in controlling infectious disease is a tragedy of increasing magnitude that gravely affects human health. This resistance by pathogens is often the endpoint of an evolutionary process that began billions of years ago in non–disease-causing microorganisms. This environmental resistome, its mobilization, and the conditions that facilitate its entry into human pathogens are at the heart of the current public health crisis in antibiotic resistance. Understanding the origins, evolution, and mechanisms of transfer of resistance elements is vital to our ability to adequately address this public health issue.     

A short-term mineral amendment impacts the mineral weathering bacterial communities in an acidic forest soil

Mineral amendment (i.e. calcium, phosphorous, potassium and/or magnesium) is a management practice used in forestry to improve nutrient availability and recover soil fertility, especially in nutrient-poor forest ecosystems. However, whether this amendment can lead to modifications of the soil characteristics and an improvement in tree growth, and its impact on the soil bacterial communities, especially the mineral weathering bacterial communities, remains poorly documented. In this study, we investigated the short-term impact of a mineral amendment on the taxonomic and functional structure of the mineral weathering bacterial communities. To do this, a plantation of four-year old oak (Quercus petraea) trees amended with or without dolomite [CaMg(CO₃)₂] was established in the experimental forest site of Breuil-Chenue, which is characterized by an acidic soil and a low availability of calcium and magnesium. Three years after amendment, soil samples were used to isolate bacteria as well as to determine the soil characteristics and the metabolic potentials of these soil microbial communities. Based on a bioassay for quantifying the solubilisation of inorganic phosphorous, we demonstrate that the bacterial isolates coming from the non-amended bulk soil were significantly more efficient than those from the amended bulk soil. No difference was observed between the bacterial isolates coming from the amended and non-amended rhizospheres. Notably, the taxonomic analyses revealed a dominance of bacterial isolates belonging to the Burkholderia genus in both samples. Overall, our results suggest that the bioavailability of nutritive cations into soil impacts the distribution and the efficacy of mineral weathering bacterial communities coming from the soil but not those coming from the rhizosphere.