中国古代人体寄生虫病学要览

我国早在上古时期，先民们就意识到自然界的毒虫对人的侵害。殷商甲骨文出现“蛊”字，说明于三千多年前已发现了人体内寄生之虫。战国秦汉以来的许多古医籍记载了多种寄生虫病，涉及到当代人体寄生虫学所列的蠕虫病、原虫病和昆虫病，有的记载还属于世界首创。所载防治寄生虫病的方法和药物，于今仍有实际意义，应进一步深入发掘和利用。     

Is cholic acid responsible for embryo-toxicity of the post-receptive uterine environment?

HPLC analysis of the embryo-toxic fraction of human uterinefluid, collected between the 22nd and 25th days of the menstrualcycle, revealed the presence of cholic acid at high concentrations.It is suggested that cholic acid could be responsible for theembryo-toxicity of the uterine environment, which follows thereceptive period for implantation.     

Laser induced autofluorescence studies of animal skin used in modeling of human cutaneous tissue spectroscopic measurements

BACKGROUND/PURPOSE: Laser-induced autofluorescence spectroscopy provides excellent possibilities for medical diagnostics of different tissue pathologies including cancer. However, to create the whole picture of pathological changes, investigators collect spectral information from patients in vivo or they study different tumor models to obtain objective information for fluorescent properties of every kind of healthy and diseased tissue. Therefore, it is very important to find the most appropriate, and close to the human skin, animal samples from the fluorescence point of view, which will allow the extrapolation of the animal data to human spectroscopic diagnostics. METHODS: In the present work, we examined the autofluorescence properties of different animal skin tissues, which are considered as the most common skin models. A nitrogen laser was used as an excitation source. Samples of healthy mouse, chicken and pig skin in vivo and/or ex vivo were studied and were compared with results obtained from investigations of healthy human skin in vivo. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Specific features of the recorded spectra are discussed and the possible origin of the obtained fluorescence signals is proposed. Quantitative evaluation of data extrapolation for each skin type is also depicted.     

血红素抑制内皮细胞损伤的形态学观察

目的 探讨血红素对人脐静脉内皮细胞氧化应激损伤的保护作用。方法 将培养的人脐静脉内皮细胞进行分组：对照组、损伤组、血红素组。观察各组细胞在光、电镜下形态学的改变。结果 在光镜下，血红素组细胞的生长状态明显优于损伤组；在电镜下，损伤组细胞核固缩，而血红素组细胞核幼稚，核仁明显。结论 在人脐静脉内皮细胞中，血红素对过氧化氢所造成的氧化应激损伤有明显的保护作用。     

Genetics in multiple sclerosis: past and future perspectives

The enormous development in the field of molecular genetics during the last decades has lead to optimism concerning the possibilities for identifying the causes of multiple sclerosis (MS) through genetic studies. However, we have learned that dense mapping of large sample sets is needed, which only can be achieved through large collaborative studies. The contribution from each yet unidentified gene is probably weaker than that of the well established human leukocyte antigen association. The ultimate goal of the search for susceptibility genes in MS is to develop diagnostic tools and better treatments that can prevent or reduce the development of symptoms of this often devastating disease.     

Kidney Transplantation in Patients with Antibodies against Donor HLA Class II

The immunologic risk associated with donor-specific antibodies (DSA) against Class II human leukocyte antigens (HLA) in kidney transplant (KTx) recipients is unclear. The aim of this study was to determine the outcome of KTx when DSA was detected only against HLA Class II. To isolate the impact of anti-Class II DSA, we retrospectively analyzed 12 KTx recipients who at baseline had a positive B-cell flow cytometric crossmatch (FXM) and a negative T-cell FXM. Using alloantibody specification analysis, 58.3% (7/12) had DSA against donor Class II and 41.7% had no demonstrable DSA. Biopsy-proven AMR occurred in 57% (4/7) in the Class II(+) group and 0% in the Class II(-) group (p > 0.05). Peritubular capillaries stained positive for C4d in 86% (6/7) of the Class II(+) patients and in 40% (2/5) of the Class II(-) patients (p > 0.05). One patient in the Class II(+) group lost their graft at 3 months to accelerated transplant glomerulopathy, while all other grafts were functioning 3-37 months posttransplant despite the persistence of anti-Class II DSA. We conclude that KTx recipients with clearly defined anti-Class II DSA are at risk for humoral rejection suggesting that desensitization and/or close posttransplant monitoring may be needed to prevent AMR.     

肝硬化大鼠肝部分切除术后肝再生的干预研究

目的　以肝硬化大鼠为动物模型 ,研究药物对肝硬化大鼠肝部分切除术后肝再生的影响。方法　取健康的Wistar雄性大鼠 6 4只 ,以 6 0 ?l4油溶液 0 .3ml/ 10 0 g皮下注射 ,同时饮用 5 %酒精溶液 ,4 5d后制成肝硬化动物模型。模型大鼠随机分为 4组 ,16只 /组。全麻下均行左、中叶肝切除术。术后各组按以下方案处理 :A组 (对照组 )注射生理盐水 1mg/ (kg·d) ,B组为泮托拉唑组 ,注射 0 .2mg/ (kg·d) ,C组为重组人生长激素组 ,注射 0 .5U/ (kg·d) ,D组为两药合用组 ,同时给予泮托拉唑注射 0 .2mg/ (kg·d) ,重组人生长激素注射 0 .5U/ (kg·d) ) ,连续给药 1周。抽取静脉血样 ,取肝脏组织 ,检测肝功能、有丝分裂指数 (MI)、增殖细胞核抗原 (PCNA)、细胞核DNA含量。结果　泮托拉唑组、重组人生长激素组、两药合用组MI、PCNA阳性染色细胞量、细胞核DNA含量均高于对照组 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,两药合用组MI、PCNA阳性染色细胞量、细胞核DNA含量均高于泮托拉唑组、重组人生长激素组 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,但各组间肝功能变化无明显差异。结论　泮托拉唑组及重组人生长激素均对肝硬化大鼠肝部分切除术后肝细胞再生有促进作用 ,两药联合应用肝细胞再生更明显 ,其详细机制须待进一步研究。