可调式支撑喉镜辅助治疗难治性扁桃体术后出血

目的 用可调式支撑喉镜辅助治疗由常规开口器难以处理的扁桃体术后出血,为临床提供更便捷的治疗手段。 方法 对11例扁桃体切除术后出血患者,因出血点暴露不清,改以可调式支撑喉镜辅助查找出血点并进行止血。 结果 可调式支撑喉镜视野清晰,充分地暴露隐蔽而深在的出血点,可快速止血,明显缩短在院观察时间。 结论 可调式支撑喉镜用来辅助查找扁桃体术后出血点是可靠的方法,尤其适用于位置移深、出血点暴露不清的扁桃体创面出血,为治疗扁桃体术后出血提供可选方式。     

Basaloid squamous cell carcinoma of the oropharynx: Comparison of two cases and review of the literature

We describe a rare case of BSCC in the retromolar trigone with only 3 other cases in the literature and also compare the differences between 2 cases of BSCC in terms of presentation and progression. The first patient had a markedly slower progression with painful retromolar trigone swelling over 4 months without nodal metastases. In contrast, the second patient gave a 2-week history of neck swelling with nodal involvement, indicating extremely rapid progression. Our management was tailored accordingly with the first patient undergoing intraoral excision of tumour and adjuvant radiotherapy while the other had bilateral neck dissection with postoperative chemoradiotherapy. Both patients achieved good outcome and are free from disease.     

Secondary syphilis of the tonsil

Summary An 18-year-old man with an ulceration of his right tonsil and cervical lymphadenopathy was examined. The patient also had a papular eruption in his face, chest, abdomen, and upper extremities. There were no signs of genital involvement. Routine serological tests for syphilis were reactive and histological findings of a cervical lymph node biopsy were characteristic for syphilitic lymphadenitis. Spirochetes were also identified in the tissue sections. A diagnosis of secondary syphilis of the tonsil with cervical syphilitic lymphadenitis was made. In recent years, the number of new cases of syphilis has increased in Japan. Since the oral cavity is the most common extragenital site of syphilis, clinicians should bear in mind that oral lesions from an unknown cause might possibly be syphilitic.     

扁桃体摘除术后的射频止血方法

目的:探讨扁桃体摘除术后射频止血方法的有效性。方法:扁桃体切除术中应用射频止血可以是在摘除一侧扁桃体后即行,也可以待两侧扁桃体全部切除完毕开始,视当时出血情况而定。结果:116例患者术后随访1个月,无1例出现再出血现象,伤口恢复情况良好。结论:射频止血是扁桃体切除术后出血又一安全有效的止血方法,简单、方便、省时、有效,术者可以灵活掌握止血时机,患者痛苦小。     

Follicular dendritic cell sarcoma of the tonsil: case report

Follicular dendritic cell sarcomas are unusual, and extranodal origin is extremely rare. The English literature contains only eight cases in which this sarcoma has been presented as a tonsillar mass. We report a new case of follicular dendritic cell sarcoma of the tonsil in a 76 year old woman. The patient underwent diagnostic tonsillectomy for a left tonsillar mass, and follicular dendritic cell sarcoma was diagnosed based on histopathological and immunoperoxidase findings. Postoperative radiotherapy was performed. The patient is alive and disease-free at 4 years of follow-up. Without a high index of suspicion, this entity can easily be missed. We believe that follicular dendritic cell sarcoma should be included in the differential diagnosis for any tonsillar mass.     

The effects of tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy on serum IGF-I and IGFBP3 levels in children

OBJECTIVE: Obstructive adenoid and tonsillar hyperplasia may present with retardation of growth. Interruption of growth hormone-insulin-like growth factor I axis resulting from abnormal nocturnal growth hormone secretion is among the postulated causes. Growth hormone (GH) mediates its anabolic effects on tissues through insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I). Most of the circulating IGF-I is bound to insulin-like growth factor binding protein 3 (IGFBP3). The objective of this study is to determine blood serum levels of IGF-I and IGFBP3 in patients with adenoid and tonsillar hypertrophy. Furthermore, we want to investigate the effect of tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy (T&A) on these levels. STUDY DESIGN: The blood serum levels of IGF-I and its binding protein IGFBP3 were examined in 41 randomly selected children with a diagnosis of upper airway obstruction resulting from hypertrophic tonsils and adenoids. METHODS: Blood samples were taken preoperatively and repeated at 3 to 6 months (mean, 4.3 mo) following T&A operation. Coated-tube immunoradiometric assay (IRMA) method was used to analyze IGF-I and IGFBP3 levels. RESULTS: Thirty-two of 41 children were eligible for the analysis. When the preoperative and postoperative results were compared, it was found that there was a statistically significant increase in serum IGF-I and IGFBP3 levels in these 32 children (P <.001). In 7 of the 32 patients, the preoperative serum IGF-I levels were below normal. Postoperatively these levels increased within normal range. This was also statistically significant (P = .016). CONCLUSION: These findings revealed that obstructive adenoid and tonsillar hypertrophy may cause decreased serum IGF-I levels by affecting the GH-IGF-I axis, and T&A is an effective therapeutic measure in these patients.     

癫痫患儿行腺样体、扁桃体摘除术中的麻醉管理

目的:评估癫痫患儿行腺样体、扁桃体摘除术时麻醉方法的安全性。方法:采用咪唑安定、异丙酚、芬太尼、维库溴胺、低浓度安氟醚气管插管静吸复合麻醉。结果:麻醉效果好,无1例发生阵发性抽搐。结论:咪唑安定、异丙酚、酚太尼、维库溴胺、低浓度安氟醚气管插管静吸复合麻醉可安全用于癫痫患儿行腺样体、扁桃体摘除术。     

扁桃体淋巴瘤与扁桃体癌的CT表现

目的 探讨扁桃体淋巴瘤与扁桃体癌的CT表现. 资料与方法 回顾性分析病理证实的16例扁桃体淋巴瘤及14例扁桃体癌CT表现. 结果 16例淋巴瘤中,5例为双侧病变,14例边界清楚,15例密度均匀,行增强扫描的13例均呈轻、中度强化.14例扁桃体癌中,13例为单侧病变,11例边界不清楚,8例密度不均匀,增强后5例明显不均匀强化,8例侵犯2个或以上口咽亚解剖区.扁桃体淋巴瘤与扁桃体癌在边界、形态、密度及强化程度、周围侵犯等方面(P<0.05)差异有统计学意义. 结论 扁桃体淋巴瘤及扁桃体癌的CT表现有明显的差别.     

早期原发扁桃体非霍奇金淋巴瘤的治疗

目的　分析早期原发扁桃体非霍奇金淋巴瘤 (NHL)的治疗。方法　分析 1983年 1月至1997年 12月初治的、有病理证实的 2 13例早期原发扁桃体非霍奇金淋巴瘤。根据AnnArbor分期 ,Ⅰ期 35例 ,Ⅱ期 178例。Ⅰ期单纯放射治疗 12例 ,综合治疗 2 3例 ;Ⅱ期单纯放射治疗 5 7例 ,单纯化疗 2例 ,综合治疗 119例。结果　全组 5年总生存率、癌症相关生存率和无病生存率分别为 6 5 %、70 %和6 1%。全组单纯放射治疗和综合治疗的 5年癌症相关生存率分别为 6 3%和 72 %(P >0 .0 5 ) ,5年无病生存率分别为 5 6 %和 6 2 %(P >0 .0 5 )。Ⅰ期患者单纯放射治疗和综合治疗的 5年癌症相关生存率均为 10 0 %;5年无病生存率分别为 10 0 %和 80 %,两者差异无显著性 (P >0 .0 5 )。Ⅱ期患者单纯放射治疗和综合治疗的 5年癌症相关生存率分别为 5 8%和 6 6 %,两者差异接近有显著性 (P =0 .0 5 1) ;5年无病生存率分别为 46 %和 6 0 %,两者差异有显著性 (P <0 .0 5 )。结论　Ⅰ期原发扁桃体NHL单纯放射治疗和综合治疗均取得好的疗效 ,综合治疗改善了Ⅱ期患者的无病生存率。综合治疗可改善早期扁桃体非霍奇金淋巴瘤患者的生存率。     

扁桃体弥漫大B细胞淋巴瘤32例临床分析

目的探讨扁桃体弥漫大B细胞淋巴瘤的临床特点并研究影响其预后的因素。方法通过回顾临床资料,研究我院32例扁桃体弥漫大B细胞淋巴瘤患者的临床特点及治疗效果,Ⅰ期和Ⅱ期患者23例（71.87%）主要接受放化疗联合治疗,Ⅲ期和Ⅳ期9例患者以化疗为主,化疗方案为标准RCHOP或者CHOP,临床跟踪随访,分析影响预后的相关因素。结果含有利妥昔单抗的化疗方案组完全缓解率（CR）高于CHOP组,Ⅰ期和Ⅱ期患者的5年生存率为81.23%,Ⅲ、Ⅳ期患者5年生存率为57.26%。预后分析显示：患者发病年龄、乳酸脱氢酶、分期和预后明显相关。结论扁桃体弥漫大B细胞淋巴瘤大部分处于早期阶段,预后较好。CHOP或RCHOP＋放疗的联合治疗可能是治疗早期扁桃体弥漫大B细胞淋巴瘤的标准方案,年龄、乳酸脱氢酶水平、临床分期是影响DLBCL预后的重要因素。