蒿甲醚pH依赖型固体分散体处方研究

目的：为了提高蒿甲醚的溶出度,通过处方筛选,将蒿甲醚制备成pH依赖型固体分散体。方法：采用喷雾干燥法,以醋酸羟丙甲纤维素琥珀酸酯（HPMCAS-HF）、羟丙基甲基纤维素邻苯二甲酸酯（HP-55）、Eudragit S100为载体,分别制备蒿甲醚固体分散体,以溶出度和稳定性为指标筛选出最佳载体;再用筛选出的最佳载体以不同比例制备蒿甲醚固体分散体,以溶出度为指标筛选出最佳比例。并以粒度检查、电子扫描显微镜（SEM）观察、X射线粉末衍射法分析（XRD）及溶出度测定等,对筛选出的最佳处方进行质量评价。结果：蒿甲醚pH依赖型固体分散体最佳处方为蒿甲醚∶HPMCAS-HF=1∶1,具有较好的pH依赖释药性能和稳定性,质量评价符合设计要求。结论：本方法制备的蒿甲醚固体分散体达到了pH依赖性释药要求,适合制备成结直肠定位释药制剂。     

弥漫型恶性腹膜间皮瘤的MDCT征象分析及其鉴别诊断

目的 探讨多排螺旋CT(MDCT)对弥漫型恶性腹膜间皮瘤(MPM)诊断,以及与结核性腹膜炎、腹膜转移癌鉴别诊断的价值.方法 回顾性分析10例经病理证实的弥漫型MPM(组1)、14例结核性腹膜炎(组2)及17例腹膜转移癌(组3)的MDCT资料,对照分析3组病例的发病年龄,病变分布,腹膜、大网膜、肠系膜改变的形态学特点,腹部淋巴结、脏器转移及腹腔积液等MDCT表现. 结果 弥漫型MPM组与结核性腹膜炎组在腹膜、大网膜、肠系膜的形态学改变上差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);弥漫型MPM组与腹膜转移癌在腹部淋巴结、脏器转移上的差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 弥漫型MPM MDCT表现为腹膜、大网膜、肠系膜不规则增厚并明显强化,可呈结节状或团块状;结合其形态学特点,有无脏器转移、淋巴结肿大和临床资料等可与结核性腹膜炎及腹膜转移癌鉴别.     

Solid cystic pseudopapillary tumor of pancreas with splenic metastasis: Case report and review of literature

IntroductionSolid-cystic pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas is rare and most commonly seen in young women. We present a young women with solid-cystic pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas and discuss the literature.Presentation of caseThirty nine years old female patient with a mass about 12 cm in the pancreas with splenic invasion seen in our clinic. After having CT and PET-CT view, patient underwent surgery. Distal pancreatectomy with mass excision and splenectomy was performed. Microscopic examination result was solid cystic pseudopapillary tumor with spleen invasion.DiscussionSolid-cystic pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas has cystic solid pseudopapillary structures. Prognosis of tumor is better than other pancreatic tumor. Complete resection of tumor with splenic inclusion is surgical treatment.ConclusionIn case of large slow growing pancreatic tumor with splenic metastasis, solid-cystic pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas should be considered in the diagnosis. Complete surgical resection is associated with long-term survival even in the presence of metastatic disease. Close follow-up is necessary after surgery.     

伴浸润的乳腺实性乳头状癌1例临床病理分析

目的 探讨伴有浸润的乳腺实性乳头状癌的临床病理特点及鉴别诊断.方法 采用H&E染色、免疫组织化学标记及特殊染色对1例伴浸润的乳腺实性乳头状癌行病理组织学观察.结果 患者女性,63岁,病理诊断为乳腺实性乳头状癌伴浸润.镜下病变呈多个大小不等实性乳头状结节,由具有纤维血管轴心的真性乳头充填结节,受累导管明显扩张,可见黏液分泌及黏液湖形成.周围脂肪组织内见成团散在的神经内分泌癌成分.免疫组织化学检查示:结节周边及浸润灶α-SMA及P63失表达,肿瘤细胞ER、PR、NSE、Syn、CgA、E-cadherin和CK8弥漫强阳性;C-erbB-2、CK14、34βE12、CK5/6及EGFR阴性,Ki-67＜5％,AB黏液染色阳性.结论 乳腺实性乳头状癌是低度恶性的乳腺肿瘤,具有惰性生物学行为,手术切除后预后较好;组织学上应与伴有普通型导管增生(UDH)的导管内乳头状癌、小叶内瘤变、低级别导管内癌和包被性乳头状癌鉴别;伴浸润的实性乳头状癌预后主要取决于浸润成分.     

Clinical presentation and comparison of surgical outcome for segmental resection vs. Whipple's procedure for solid pseudopapillary tumor: Report of six new cases & literature review of 321 cases

AimReport 6 new cases of solid-pseudopapillary-pancreatic-tumor, comprehensively review 321 cases reported in American literature, and compare outcomes for segmental resection vs.. Whipple's procedure.MethodsCases of solid-pseudopapillary-tumor at William Beaumont Hospital, 1999–2011, identified by computerized analysis of pathology reports. Comprehensive review of all American cases identified by computerized literature review. Segmental resection includes open/laparoscopic central pancreatectomy and anatomic distal pancreatectomy, but excludes enucleation.ResultsSix cases of solid-pseudopapillary-pancreatic-tumors (0.5% of all solid pancreatic lesions), occurred during 1999–2011 at the hospital. Mean age at diagnosis = 27.7 years. All 6 were female. All patients had abdominal pain. Mean symptom duration = 10.0 days. All patients had normal routine blood tests. Mean APACHE II score at diagnosis = 1.8. All six patients had single heterogeneous lesions, with cystic/solid components. All patients underwent surgery: segmental resection-4, Whipple's procedure-2. Tumors were uniformly diagnosed by surgically resected tissue. Mean tumor size = 5.7 cm. Mean postoperative length of stay = 4.0 days for segmental resection (N = 4) vs. 14.0 days for Whipple's procedure (N = 2). All 6 patients are alive and well to-date, without evident local recurrence or metastasis. In a literature review, 45 patients undergoing Whipple's procedure versus 34 patients undergoing segmental resection, had significantly longer mean postoperative hospitalization (16.4 vs. 4.3 days, p = 0.01), and had increased unadjusted mortality (20.2% vs. 2.2%, p = 0.018). However, this mortality difference became insignificant when adjusting for longer mean follow-up of Whipple's procedure patients (Kaplan–Meier-survival-curve, p = 0.75).ConclusionsThis work suggests segmental resection of these pancreatic tumors localized to the body/tail may have a better surgical outcome than Whipple's procedure for tumors localized to the pancreatic head. Further studies are necessary.