124例膝关节退行性病变X线分析

分析124例膝关节正侧位片，结果表明膝关节退行性病变在年长人群中为一种常见疾病。     

新生儿蛛网膜下腔出血的CT诊断

目的 :探讨新生儿蛛网膜下腔出血的CT特征。方法 :本文收集有完整临床资料的新生儿SAH共 10 0例 ,均行CT平扫。结果 :10 0例均有直接征象 ,大部分病例伴有间接征象、特殊征象。结论 :CT对诊断SAH很有价值。     

卵巢囊性成熟畸胎瘤的X线与B超诊断

目的 通过对卵巢囊性成熟畸胎瘤X线与B超两种检查结果的对比研究，并了解其两者间的诊断互补性，旨在提高对该病的诊断水平。方法 对35例经手术和病理证实的卵巢囊性成熟畸胎瘤患者分别进行盆腔X线摄片及B超检查，并对其检查诊断结果作回顾性综合分析。结果 本组35例共39个卵巢囊性成熟畸胎瘤，X线检出37个，诊断符合率94．9％；B超检出33个，诊断符合率84．6％。2个X线漏诊者由B超检出1个，6个B超漏诊者由X线检出5个，总诊断符合率为97．4％。结论 常规X线检查在诊断卵巢囊性成熟畸胎瘤方面明显优于B超，且二者具有诊断互补性，两种检查方法并用可明显提高对该病的诊断符合率。     

囊状淋巴管瘤1例报告

囊状淋巴管瘤也成囊状水瘤或水瘤。多发生于儿童，成年人很少见。现将笔者所见1例右颌下囊状淋巴管瘤报告如下：     

气管-主支气管局灶性和弥漫性异常的CT诊断

中央气道的异常通常引起明显的临床症状,在胸片上却往往无明显的表现而造成漏诊或误诊.如进一步行CT检查,尤其是螺旋CT及三维重组,对发现病变、准确描述病变位置、范围及制定外科治疗计划尤其有用.综述了中央气道病变的CT检查技术及其局灶性和弥漫性疾病的CT诊断.     

婴幼儿肠套叠合并阑尾炎X线表现的病理基础及临床意义

目的 探讨婴幼儿肠套叠合并阑尾炎的X线表现及其临床意义。资料与方法对28例经手术病理证实的婴幼儿肠套叠合并阑尾炎的X线表现及临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果 (1)17例回-结型肠套叠中合并急性单纯性阑尾炎13例，化脓性阑尾炎2例；11例复合型肠套叠中合并急性阑尾炎4例，化脓性阑尾炎6例。发现3例合并慢性阑尾炎，炎症为继发再次肠套叠的诱因。(2)主要X线表现：①腹部少气或无气征15例；②右侧腹膜外脂线局部或全部模糊征18例；③右下腹肠腔异常积气和／或小肠梗阻征9例。右侧腹膜外脂线局部或全部模糊征象出现率最高。结论 阑尾炎是婴幼儿肠套叠的最主要早期并发症。X线表现结合临床资料对其发生有重要提示意义，对预防阑尾炎症致继发肠套叠或其他并发症有重要价值，尤其在空气灌肠整复后的治疗上。     

原发性十二指肠腺癌影像诊断及手术切除相关影像征象的探讨

目的：探讨原发性十二指肠腺癌的影像表现及与手术切除相关征象。方法：对照手术回顾性分析17例经病理证实的十二指肠腺癌低张十二指肠造影(hypotonic duodenography，HD)和CT的表现。结果：HD显示息肉型9例，溃疡型7例，浸润型1例。CT均示腔内不规则肿块或肠壁增厚，3例示溃疡，胆系扩张10例，胰头浸润14例，血管浸润7例，淋巴结转移3例，肝转移2例。7例行根治术，10例行姑息术。结论：HD与CT结合可充分显示腔内病变，腔外浸润及转移。癌肿局限于腔内或仅侵犯胰头时可行根治术；侵犯周围重要血管，发生淋巴结、肠系膜及肝脏等转移时一般只能行姑息术。     

64层螺旋CT肺动脉成像低管电压设置结合个体化对比剂应用的对照研究

Objective To investigate the feasibility of the low tube voltage setting and personalized contrast agent application in 64-row multi-slice spiral CT pulmonary angiography.Methods Ninety patients with high risk of pulmonary artery embolism were sequentially enrolled in the study and divided into 3 groups employing completely randomized design: (1) Regular group included 30 patients using 120 kV and fixed dose of 70 ml contrast agent, (2)Another 30 patients were in 120 kV group, using 120 kV and the contrast amount was determined according to the patient weight (1.0 ml/kg), (3) The remaining 30 patients were included in 100 kV group, using 100 kV and the contrast amount was also determined according to the patient weight(1.0 ml/kg).Administration of contrast agent was completed within 20 seconds for all the patients, followed by 20 ml of saline.The objective and subjective indexes for assessing CT image quality, CT dose index volume (CTDIvol) and effective received dose (ERD) were compared between 120 kV group and 100 kV group; then the contrast media volume, injection rate, objective CT image indexes and subjective indexes for image quality was compared between the 100 kV group and regular group.The variance analysis and post hoc test were employed for the statistical analysis.Results Compared with 120 kV group(3.4± 0.7), the image quality of 100 kV group(5.2±1.8)had higher noise(52.9%), but subjective index for the image quality demonstrated no differences(q=0.272 ,P=0.063)in mediastinum window while CTDIvol and ERD decreased for 34.9%[(9.5±0.0) vs (14.6±0.0) mGy]and 36.8%[(3.8±0.6) vs (2.4± 0.4) mSv].The mean CT values on pulmonary artery of 100 kV group[(269.2±54.7) HU]were 13.4% (31.8/237.4) higher than the 120 kV group[(237.4±62.9) HU], but there was no statistical differences eornpared to normal group(q=0.172,P=0.260).Conclusion Using low kV setting (100 kV) to reduce radiation dose is proved to be effective and feasible in 64-MSCT pulmonary angiography.Personalized contrast agent injection has clinical application value for specific patient group.