青年乳腺癌患者拼贴画心理疗法的实施

目的探讨拼贴画心理疗法在青年乳腺癌患者癌症复发恐惧干预中的应用效果。方法将87例青年乳腺癌患者按照住院时间分为对照组43例和观察组44例。对照组实行常规健康教育,观察组在对照组基础上实施拼贴画心理疗法,干预前及干预12周后采用癌症患者恐惧疾病进展简化量表、医院焦虑抑郁量表、Herth希望量表进行评价。结果干预12周后,观察组癌症复发恐惧、焦虑、抑郁评分显著低于对照组,希望评分显著高于对照组(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论拼贴画心理疗法有利于缓解青年乳腺癌患者负性情绪,并提升其希望水平。     

The introduction of treatment and the cultural adaptability of western psychotherapies for eating disorders in China

In the past 40 years, the prevalence of eating disorders (ED) in China has shown an increasing trend, leading to an urgent need to develop efficient treatment modes and methods. Since the beginning of the new century, the diagnosis, treatment, and research of ED in China have been under development. This article gives an introduction and commentary on the treatment modes, treatment methods and their applications in ED in China. There are two main treatment forms for ED until now, that is, inpatient treatment and outpatient treatment. Inpatient treatment is recommended as the first choice. Since 2008, clinical psychotherapies such as cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), dialectical behavioral therapy (DBT), and family-based treatment (FBT), which are effective for pathological symptoms of ED, have been introduced into China and developed clinically. Group CBT and group DBT for patients with ED and group FBT for caregivers might be the most efficient psychotherapy in China nowadays. A multi-family FBT support group could be developed as the basic treatment of ED patients. Although these new types of psychotherapy have observed effectiveness in clinical application, the Randomized Controlled Trials (RCT) are rare and need to be developed.     

门诊式森田疗法治疗44例社交恐怖症

目的 :探讨门诊式森田疗法对社交恐怖症的治疗效果 ,为治疗社交恐怖症开辟新途径。方法 :采用门诊式森田疗法治疗社交恐怖症 44例。治疗前后分别用焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表 (SDS)测量 ,并进行比较。按照《森田心理疗法实践》中提出的评定方法进行疗效评定。结果 :经过 3次～ 1 4次 ( 2 1d～ 1 50d)的治疗 ,44例患者治愈 2 6例( 59 1 % ) ,好转 1 5例 ( 34 1 % ) ,总有效率为 93 2 %。治疗后SAS、SDS得分显著降低 (P<0 0 1 )。结论 :门诊式森田疗法治疗社交恐怖症有效。与住院式森田疗法相比更经济、更灵活 ,适用于症状较轻、领悟力、忍耐力较强的患者。     

妇科癌症病人化疗期间呕吐的心理疗法

目的呕吐是癌症患化疗期间常见的症状之一,频繁的呕吐不仅给患带来痛苦,而且影响生活质量,甚至迫使患中止化疗;方法对100例妇科癌症病人采取有效的。理疗法或。理疗法加药物疗法;结果呕吐的发生率与单纯应用止吐药物患相比P<0．05,差异有显性;结论妇科癌症病人化疗期间呕吐的B理疗法或B理疗法结合药物疗法明显强于单纯药物疗法。     

The therapist's use of self and cultures in children's psychotherapy groups

This paper presents a model for understanding decisions that a therapist makes concerning the use of the self as a therapeutic tool in children's psychotherapy groups. The parameters within which a therapist uses self is directly related to the development of the group's culture. It is proposed that two complementary cultures develop within children's groups, one, indigenous peer culture, strictly of the children's making and the other, therapeutic group culture, created by the therapist in collaboration with group members. Having taken the time to learn a group's indigenous peer culture the therapist can use its metaphors to speak to the children in their own language; eventually it will be possible to engage them in collaboratively building a meaning system which is uniquely designed to address their psychotherapeutic needs. Initially, when indigenous peer culture is predominant, the therapist uses self more receptively in order to connect with the children through empathic immersion, holding intolerable affects and developmental time travel; as treatment progresses and a therapeutic group culture is slowly constructed, the therapist may use him/her self for more change directed interventions through role modeling, confrontation and self disclosure.Chief Psychologist and Coordinator, Children's Clinical Services, Brookline Community Mental Health Center and Instructor, Psychiatry (Psychology), Harvard Medical School and private practice in Brookline and Newton Massachusetts.     

临床药师对非典型肺炎(SARS)患者开展心理治疗的实践与思考

目的:弥补非典型肺炎临床治疗过程中药物治疗的不足。方法:通过将印有鼓励与祝福话语的药袋和小卡片以及象征吉祥如意的纸鹤送到患者身旁的方式开展心理治疗,并通过问卷调查的方法了解心理治疗的效果。结果:100％的患者认为,我们提供的这些心理关怀服务无论是对他(她)们的心理还是对其疾病的治疗皆产生了良好影响;96.9％的患者认为,我们的心理关怀服务是有必要的。结论:临床药师可以通过不同于临床医师、护士的方式参与疾病的治疗过程,成为临床心理治疗工作中的一分子。     

心理干预对军校大学生心理健康的影响

目的:随机调查军校大学生自入学到毕业四年内心理健康状况及变化。方法:从某海军院校未接受过心理训练的新生中,从接受过一年、二年、三年心理训练的大二至大四学生中随机各抽取104、125、114、120名分别组成四组研究对象,采用明尼苏达多相人格调查表(MMPI)评估四组学生。结果:大一、二、三、四年级学生的心理异常筛出率为12.5%、10.7%、9.5%、8.5%。Hs、Pd、Pa、Pt、Sc、M a、S i、F、M as、Dy量表的平均得分逐年下降,四组间差异显著;K、DO、Re量表平均得分逐年上升,四组间差异显著。结论:军校大一、二、三、四年级学生的心理异常筛出率逐年降低,心理健康水平逐年提高,人格逐年向良性方向发展。     

涤痰化瘀法治疗慢性肺源性心脏病急性期临床观察

慢性肺源性心脏病中医属于肺胀范畴,是一种比较常见的心脏病,采用部分涤痰、活血化瘀药物配合西医治疗慢性肺源性心脏病的急性发作并进行疗效观察,结果发现这些药物的应用,能够明显提高肺心病急发期的治疗效果,现总结如下.     

Culture-bound syndrome and a culturally sensitive approach: from a viewpoint of medical anthropology

Some aspects of the culture-bound syndrome are presented for discussion. From the psychiatric and medical anthropological viewpoints, kamidaari is described as an initiatory illness for seeing a shaman, and focus on clinical realities developing between different therapeutic subcultures in the same culture and the complementary practices of two epistemological ones, namely, the shamanistic and modern psychiatric system in the shamanistic climate. It is suggested that the culture-bound syndrome that reflects cultural influences on disease patterns and renders them difficult to place in a universal classificatory system should be seen as a vernacular bricolage or as tactics used by people within the web of their own local culture of origin. Therapists who treat patients in a cross-epistemological milieu should be aware of the subcultural-epistemological issues that may affect the clinical process. It should be recognized that, depending on the nature of a particular psychiatric crisis, the clinical encounter is straddling the boundaries of multiple clinical realities. At every stage in the clinical field, there is an intersection, consonance, or interruption of rejoinders in the open dialog by all those engaged in the clinical time. Aspects of climatic, culturally sensitive psychotherapy will be described, and the concept of the culture-bound syndrome will be reconsidered. Our approach could be seen as 'situation- and fudo-bound'.