Aplicación multimedia para el estudio de la medicina natural y tradicional integrada a la pediatría

IntroductionThe teaching of natural and traditional medicine in Cuban universities constitutes a priority for the national health system. Nevertheless, the lack of publications in the literature on topic related to the paediatrics discipline has affected the quality of the teaching. The computer science and communications technologies are considered an important part of the teaching-learning process within higher medical education.ObjectiveTo construct a multimedia application for the integrated study of natural and traditional medicine in the paediatrics subject into the study plan of the Medical degree.Materials and methodsA study of technological innovation was carried out in the University of Medical Sciences of Ciego de Ávila, in the period from October 2015 to April 2016. In order to construct the multimedia, the search and summary of scientific information, selection of tools, and means and design, were all identified as work stations. The scientific relevancy of the multimedia application was determined by 20 experts in the subject. The opinion of 25 students (users) and 6 teachers that constituted the sample was sought about their experience with the product, with its effectiveness being determined through a pedagogic pre-experiment.ResultsThe created product was designed on the base of an attractive user interface and with modernised scientific information of use for the learning of the topic. The mean evaluation score given by experts to the different aspects of the multimedia application was of 8.01 points (of a maximum of 9). The students gave good evaluations as regards the content, relevance of the product, its ease of use, functionality, originality, and design. After using the product, more than 60% of the students (n = 25) were able to answer the questions of the test.ConclusionsThe created multimedia application was able to satisfy the learning needs of the students, and it constituted a valid and useful resource as a teaching support tool.     

药品管理软件的编写和菜单组成及应用

目的利用药品管理软件实现对药品的科学管理。方法介绍我院药品管理软件的编写思路、莱单组成及应用情况,并进行分析。结果使用药品管理软件全面地将药品进、退、销、存录入计算机,并根据各种需要编制不同的查询菜单,使用起来非常方便。结论合理设计药品管理软件并有效应用,可以实现药品的科学管理,推动医院信息管理走向科学化、规范化。     

IDD-INFO：一款管理碘缺乏病监测数据的新软件

为随时掌握碘缺乏病病情消长趋势,有的放矢地科学指导防治工作,及时发现和避免发生病情反复,不断巩固和发展已取得的防治成果,我国广泛开展了碘缺乏病各级监测。现有的统计方法和统计软件对于统计我国碘缺乏病监测数据较繁琐又缺乏针对性。为此我单位研究开发了一款用于管理、分析碘缺乏病监测数据的软件（IDD-INFO）,按全国碘缺乏病监测（PPS抽样法）设计,分为数据入库模块、数据校对、比对模块、数据分析模块。软件可按不同的监测级别分别分析,软件操作简单、针对性强、报告全面,经数据验证可行。     

火针针刺触发点联合硬膜外神经阻滞治疗顽固性带状疱疹后遗神经痛临床研究

目的:观察火针触发点联合硬膜外神经阻滞治疗顽固性带状疱疹后遗神经痛(PHN)的临床疗效。方法:将120例顽固性PHN患者随机分为观察组、对照组各60例。观察组采取火针针刺触发点联合硬膜外神经阻滞治疗,对照组予单纯硬膜外神经阻滞治疗。2组疗程均为2周。治疗前后评定疼痛视觉模拟评分法(VAS)评分、睡眠VAS评分、焦虑自评量表(SAS)评分和抑郁自评量表(SDS)评分。比较2组的临床疗效。结果:治疗后,观察组临床疗效优于对照组(P<0.05)。2组疼痛VAS、睡眠VAS、SAS、SDS评分均较治疗前下降,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。观察组疼痛VAS、睡眠VAS、SAS、SDS评分均低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论:采用火针针刺触发点联合硬膜外神经阻滞治疗顽固性PHN患者,可显著减轻疼痛,在减轻疼痛的同时也可改善睡眠与焦虑、抑郁等负性情绪,临床疗效优于单纯使用硬膜外神经阻滞疗法。     

生存分析的SAS软件实现

在生物医学研究中,由于失访或者研究截止等原因,常常会产生删失数据,也就是不完全数据。这类资料的特点是不知道观察对象的明确结局,只知道研究中要考察的终点事件在已经观察的时间长度内还没有发生,     

人流女青少年抑郁焦虑状况及其社会因素分析

目的研究人流女青少年的社会、心理状态,以进一步完善干预措施。方法以系统抽样的方法选择我院计划生育门诊24岁及以下未婚人流女青少年160名。采用匿名自填问卷,最后获得有效问卷154份。结果经过抑郁自评量表(SDS)和焦虑自评量表(SAS)筛查,抑郁的患病率为23.0%,焦虑的患病率为11.3%。抑郁或焦虑总患病率为25.3%。外来青少年抑郁的患病率显著高于本市户口青少年(29.2%vs10.7%,P=0.010)。经多元线性回归分析,抑郁和焦虑自评合计分与人流次数、社会自尊评分以及社会支持评分呈反比。结论有关部门应对未婚外来女青少年提供更多的关注,针对有心理问题的人流女青少年,提供心理咨询和治疗服务。     

国内外痛风性关节炎的研究现状——基于CiteSpace软件的可视化分析

目的:分析近年国内外痛风性关节炎领域的研究现状,为研究人员深入该领域的研究提供参考。方法:以"痛风性关节炎"为研究主题,分别检索Web of Science核心合集数据库和中国知网数据库(CNKI)的2004年至2019年文献,将结果按照发表年份、作者、机构、文献来源、关键词等方面进行统计梳理,且利用CiteSpace软件对作者、机构、期刊来源、关键词等5个方面进行可视化图谱分析。结果:共纳入中文文献5 071篇、英文文献1 136篇,国内外发文量呈持续上升趋势,形成以李兆福、熊辉和SCHLESINGER NAOMI等作者为代表的核心团队,研究热点围绕痛风性关节炎的发病机制、诊断方法、中西药治疗、临床观察、风险评估等方面展开。两者各有侧重,国内偏向于痛风性关节炎的中医药治疗研究,国外专于痛风性关节炎的病理研究及临床调查。结论:痛风性关节炎领域的研究整体呈上升态势,国内外文献的研究内容和热点主题存在一致性也存在差异性,应加强团队间、国际间的合作交流,优势互补,以促进该领域的全面发展。     

Human health risk in relation to air quality in two municipalities in an industrialized area of Northern Italy

Air quality is one of the major environmental issues related to human health, and people and authorities are increasingly aware and concerned about it, asking to be involved in decisions whose fallout can have consequences on their health. The objectives of the present study were to provide quantitative data on the impact of air pollution on the health of people living in two small municipalities in a highly industrialized, densely populated area of Northern Italy. We applied the approach proposed by the World Health Organization (WHO) using the AirQ 2.2.3 software developed by the WHO European Centre for Environment and Health, Bilthoven Division. Daily concentrations of ozone, nitrogen dioxide, and particulate matter of aerodynamic diameter ≤10 μm (PM₁₀) and ≤2.5 μm (PM_2.5) were used to assess human exposure and health effects in terms of attributable proportion of the health outcome, annual number of excess cases of mortality for all causes, and cardiovascular and respiratory diseases. Long-term effects were estimated for PM_2.5 as years of life lost.Considering short-term effects, PM_2.5 had the highest health impact on the 24,000 inhabitants of the two small towns, causing an excess of total mortality of 8 out of 177 in a year. Ozone and nitrogen dioxide each caused about three excess cases of total mortality. Results on long-term effects showed, respectively, 433, 180, and 72 years of life lost for mortality for all causes, cardiopulmonary diseases and lung cancer, in a year.These results are consistent with other reports of the impact of air quality on human health and the AirQ software seems an effective and easy tool, helpful in decision-making.     

用SAS软件实现配对设计定量资料的统计分析

配对设计是药学科研中经常用到的一种实验设计方法,在临床药物疗效研究方面具有十分广泛的适用性.本文主要从配对设计的概念、配对设计统计分析方法的合理选用、如何使用SAS程序进行分析,以及如何解释结果几个方面作一概述.     

基于数据挖掘探析中医药治疗腰椎骨质增生用药规律

目的:基于中医传承辅助平台软件,分析中医药治疗腰椎骨质增生的用药规律。方法:检索中国知网(China national knowledge infrastructure,CNKI)中运用中医药治疗腰椎骨质增生的相关文献,构建中医药治疗腰椎骨质增生的组方数据库,运用中医传承辅助平台软件挖掘处方的组方规律和用药特点。结果:共筛选中医药治疗腰椎骨质增生的文献共193篇,纳入处方148首,使用中药137味。中医药治疗腰椎骨质增生用药频次≥21次的高频药物有30味,排在前5位的为当归、牛膝、杜仲、甘草、续断;频次≥35次的高频药对有25个,排在前5位的药对为牛膝-当归、牛膝-杜仲、杜仲-当归、杜仲-续断、甘草-当归。药性温性药偏多,占59.49%,药味以甘、苦、辛为主,频率为85.99%,归经以肝肾脾居多。最终挖掘核心组合22个,新处方11首。结论:中医药治疗腰椎骨质增生用药以补肾活血、祛风除湿、通络止痛药为主,为指导临床用药及研发新药提供参考。