家属参与围手术期心理干预对未成年人人工流产的影响

目的探讨家属参与围术期心理干预对未成年人人工流产的影响。方法将150例家属参与围手术期心理干预的未成年人人工流产患者设为观察组,1,50例无家属参与者设为对照组,观察两组患者术前焦虑情况、术中疼痛程度、人流综合征的发生率及术后阴道出血和月经恢复时间,并进行统计分析。结果观察组焦虑情绪检出率、人流综合征发生率显著低于对照组（P〈0．01）,疼痛程度显著轻于对照组（P〈0．01）,阴道出血时间及月经恢复时间均显著少于对照组（P〈0．01）。结论家属参与人工流产围手术期心理干预,能有效缓解未成年人的焦虑情绪,提高其手术耐受力减轻疼痛程度,减少人流综合征的发生,有利于术后身体的恢复。     

广州市201名小学生尝试买烟成功率及其影响因素

目的了解广州地区未成年人的烟草可及性以及影响因素。方法组织201名六年级小学生参加尝试买烟模拟试验,以是否买烟成功为因变量,商店、销售商和学生的特征为自变量进行因素分析。结果共有165名学生成功买到香烟,买烟失败36人,成功率为82.1%。学生年龄、学生身高、商店类型、售烟者的性别、售烟者的年龄、是否张贴有烟草广告、是否放置"禁止向未成年人售烟"警示牌、售烟者有无询问学生具体年龄、售烟者有无询问学生买烟给谁吸等9个变量与尝试买烟成功有统计学意义的关联。多因素分析筛选3个有意义的变量:学生年龄、商店类型和放置"禁止向未成年人售烟"警示牌。结论未成年人很容易通过自己购买而获得香烟,杂货店和小超市是重点,应加强对烟草零售商向未成年人售烟的监督和管制工作。     

Rejets de la mondialisation,rejetons de la mondialité : les mineurs non accompagnés entre deux mondes

In Western societies, as in the child protection system, unaccompanied minors (UAMs) represent the “waste” of capitalist globalization and the “hope” of human globalization. They represented the “Aquarius syndrome”. Their trauma resonates with that of the host societies, forced to reinterpret their traumatic history with otherness. The migratory crisis then appears as a symptom that puts Europe and the world face a generalized long-term identity trauma of which the unaccompanied minors are the analyzer.     

广州市心理援助热线2008年-2019年未成年人自杀高危来电分析

目的分析广州市心理援助热线2008年-2019年未成年人自杀高危来电情况及特征,为预防未成年人自杀提供资料。方法对广州市心理援助热线2008年-2019年的3219例未成年人来电进行回顾性研究。对未成年人自杀高危来电数量随年份变化的趋势进行描述,并对未成年人自杀高危来电者的一般人口学信息、咨询问题和情绪状态进行分析。结果未成年人高危来电在同期高危来电中的占比呈线性上升趋势(Kendall's tau-b=0.150,P<0.01)。未成年人自杀高危组和非高危组在性别(χ2=52.97,P<0.01)、所在地区(χ2=13.22,P=0.004)、是否为学生(χ2=20.48,P<0.01)、受教育程度(χ2=23.20,P<0.01)、咨询问题(χ2=215.17,P<0.01)、情绪状态(χ2=357.69,P<0.01)等方面差异均有统计学意义。多因素非条件Logistic回归分析结果显示,女性(OR=1.33,95%CI:1.07~1.66)、咨询问题为恋爱与婚姻(OR=3.04,95%CI:1.08~8.57)、家庭矛盾(OR=4.44,95%CI:1.79~11.02)、工作与学习(OR=3.19,95%CI:1.23~8.27)、心理健康(OR=8.18,95%CI:3.57~18.47)、精神疾病(OR=14.90,95%CI:6.43~34.54)的未成年人是自杀高危来电者。结论性别、咨询问题和情绪状态是未成年人自杀高危来电的影响因素。     

La face cachée des réseaux sociaux : le cyberharcèlement chez les mineurs

Assigned to the Brigade for the Protection of Minors (BPM) for twenty-three years, Police Commander Lydie Saint Louboue, an officer Particularly invested in the subject “Minors” which she masters perfectly, has been practicing for fifteen years within the Internet group including she took the lead in December 2016. On this occasion, after a quick presentation of his service and his group (1), Commander Saint Louboue set out to describe the phenomena of cyberbullying affecting minors, which his group could be seized of (2), to present the cybervictimes (3) and cybercriminals (4), as well as the fight against cyberbullying and the difficulties encountered (5).     

我国未成年人视觉损害人工智能诊疗研究的现状和建议

未成年人的视觉系统尚未发育完善,在这个关键阶段发生的视觉损害容易破坏正常的视觉发育规律,对未成年人的视觉造成不可逆的损害。早筛早治是减少未成年人视觉损害的关键。加快医学人工智能算法的技术研发,有望为未成年人视觉损害的大规模人群智能筛查,实现未成年人视觉损害的早防早治提供新思路。     

Do parental involvement laws deter risky teen sex?

Parental involvement (PI) laws require that physicians notify or obtain consent from a parent(s) of a minor seeking an abortion before performing the procedure. Several studies suggest that PI laws curb risky sexual behavior because teens realize that they would be compelled to discuss a subsequent pregnancy with a parent. We show that prior evidence based on gonorrhea rates overlooked the frequent under-reporting of gonorrhea by race and ethnicity, and present new evidence on the effects of PI laws using more current data on the prevalence of gonorrhea and data that are novel to this literature (i.e., chlamydia rates and data disaggregated by year of age). We improve the credibility of our estimates over those in the existing literature using an event-study design in addition to standard difference-in-difference-in-differences (DDD) models. Our findings consistently suggest no association between PI laws and rates of sexually transmitted infections or measures of sexual behavior.