Culture-Expanded Autologous Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cell Treatment for Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head

BackgroudOutcomes of traditional treatment for osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) are not always satisfactory. Hence, cell-supplementation therapy has been attempted to facilitate necrotic-tissue regeneration. Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell (ADMSC) transplantation is potentially advantageous over bone marrow-derived MSC implantation, but its outcomes for ONFH remain unclear. The aim of this study was to determine 2-year radiological and clinical outcomes of culture-expanded autologous ADMSC implantation for ONFH.MethodsEighteen hips with necrotic lesions involving ≥ 30% of the femoral head were included. ADMSCs were harvested by liposuction and culture expanded for 3 passages over 3 weeks. With a 6-mm single drilling, ADMSCs were implanted into the necrotic zone. All patients underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), single-photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography (SPECT/CT) at screening and 6 months, 12 months, and 24 months postoperatively. The primary outcome was the change in the size of necrotic area on MRI. Secondary outcomes were changes in clinical scores and radioisotope uptake on SPECT/CT. Conversion total hip arthroplasty (THA) was defined as the endpoint.ResultsPreoperatively, the necrotic lesion extent was 63.0% (38.4%–96.7%) of the femoral head. The mean Harris hip score was 89.2, the University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA) score was 5.6, and Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis index (WOMAC) was 79.4. Three patients underwent THA and 1 patient died in an accident. Finally, 11 patients (14 hips) were available for ≥ 2-year follow-up. At the last follow-up, no surgery-related complications occurred, and 14 of 17 hips (82%) were able to perform daily activities without THA requirement. There was no significant decrease in lesion size between any 2 intervals on MRI. However, widening of high signal intensity bands on T2-weighted images inside the necrotic lesion was observed in 9 of 14 hips (64%); 11 of 14 hips (79%) showed increased vascularity on SPECT/CT at 2 years postoperatively. No significant differences were observed between preoperative and 24-month mean Harris hip score (89.2 vs. 88.6), WOMAC (79.4 vs. 75.7), and UCLA score (5.6 vs. 6.2).ConclusionsOur outcomes suggest that culture-expanded ADMSC implantation is a viable option for ONFH treatment without adverse events.     

Colon perforation caused by transanal decompression tube after laparoscopic low anterior resection: A case report

IntroductionThe effectiveness of transanal decompression tube (TDT) to prevent anastomotic leakage after rectal surgery has been widely accepted in recent years. However, a rare complication of intestinal perforation due to TDT has been also reported.Presentation of caseA 88-year-old woman underwent laparoscopic low anterior resection for rectal cancer. An abdominal drainage tube adjacent to the colorectal anastomosis and a TDT were placed. The patient experienced abdominal pain, nausea and elevated inflammatory markers on postoperative day 6. Enema and computed tomography demonstrated colonic perforation due to the TDT, and emergency laparotomy was performed. Perforation of the anterior sigmoid colon located at the proximal side of the colorectal anastomosis was seen, and the TDT was exposed to the abdominal cavity. Therefore, primary closure of the perforation site, peritoneal lavage, drainage tube placement and transverse colostomy was performed.DiscussionIn our case, TDT seemed to compress the anterior wall of the colon and lead to perforation. The looseness of the remaining oral intestinal tract depressed in the pelvis was compressed by the TDT.ConclusionTDTs should be very carefully placed to avoid complication. The length and looseness of the oral intestine and the relationship between the TDT to be inserted might be important.     

Endoscopic-assisted microvascular decompression for trigeminal neuralgia secondary to vertebrobasilar dolichoectasia: A case report

Introduction and importanceTrigeminal neuralgia (TN) secondary to vertebrobasilar dolichoectasia (VBD) was a rare condition. This paper reported a successful endoscopic-assisted microvascular decompression (MVD) for TN secondary to VBD.Case presentationA 53-year-old male with a history of myocardial infarction and heart failure complained of left refractory facial pain three years prior to admission. His pain was intermittent, electrical-like, severe, sharp, and radiated along the maxillary and mandibular branches. He used carbamazepine 600 mg daily. Brain magnetic resonance imaging revealed a neurovascular conflict between VBD and the left trigeminal nerve. The endoscopic-assisted MVD was indicated. The shredded neurosurgical sponges were interposed between VBD and trigeminal nerve. The 0° and 30° rigid rod-lens endoscope was used to explore and confirm the complete decompression. Postoperatively, TN was disappeared entirely. At a three-month postoperative, no facial pain and paraesthesia were found. The patient discontinued carbamazepine permanently.Clinical discussionMVD was still the most effective treatment. An inspection of root entry zone (REZ) and complete MVD with a solely operating microscope were challenging due to the massive diameter of VBD and multiple offending arteries behind the VBD. However, the wide viewing field and high-quality resolution of endoscopes allowed better visualization of REZ and neurovascular conflicts behind neural structures and least cerebellar retraction. This is essential in case of less potential space created by VBD.ConclusionEndoscope-assisted MVD allowed better visualization of REZ and neurovascular conflicts behind neural structures and least cerebellar retraction in management of trigeminal neuralgia secondary to VBD.     

应用半椎板切除对侧潜行诫压术治疗脊髓型颈椎病

目的：观察手术治疗脊髓型颈椎病患者的术后功能改善情况。方法：对２２例脊髓型颈椎病患者采用半椎板切除对侧潜行减压术治疗,术后部效采用日本骨科学会脊髓功能１７分法评定标准,随访３－２３月。结果：该方法减压效果确实,并发症少,出血少。同时该 广,技术简捷,不影响颈椎的稳定性。结论：半椎板切除对侧潜行减压术是一种治疗颈椎病较好的手术方法。文章结果还显示了脊髓损害的性质也是影响疗效的重要因素。     

一次性颅骨整形性外减压术的疗效观察

目的 观察一次性颅骨整形性外减压术的手术疗效。方法 对１９９５年９月至１９９９年３月在我院实施的６４例手术患者进行３个月到３．５年的术后临床和影像学随访。结果 ９６．４％的患者恢复良好,术后脑积水和癫痫的发生率明显降低。结论 一次性颅骨整形性外减压术是治疗颅内压增高的一种有效手段。     

抑制血管生成对颊粘膜鳞癌微血管构筑的影响

目的 了解抑制血管生成对颊癌微血系统空间配布的影响,进而了解对肿瘤局部生长、浸润及转移的作用。方法 应用鱼精蛋白进行实验治疗,结合扫描电镜肿瘤生血管系统的变化规律。结果 鱼精蛋白确有抑制智力;这生成的作用,主要表现为延缓肿瘤血管生成的发和因管空间结构的建立,促进血管成熟,因此而抑制肿瘤生长、浸润和转移。结论 通过抑制血和生成有可效地阻止肿瘤生长和转移所依赖的血和系统建立和发展,从而限制肿瘤细胞局部     

Ⅱ型糖尿病微血管并发症与高血压的关系

采用均衡对照的原则,将162例Ⅱ型糖尿病患者分为合并高血压组和未合并高血压组;比较两组间糖尿病肾病和糖尿病视网膜病变的发生率,并就Ⅱ型糖尿病微血管病变的相关因素进行多元回归分析。研究表明,Ⅱ型糖尿病合并高血压组微血管病变的发生率显著高于未合并高血压组(P<0.05);相关分析表明,糖尿病微血管病变与高血压病程呈正相关。提示高血压是糖尿病微血管病变的相关危险因素。     

AF系统内固定治疗胸腰椎爆裂型骨折

为评价AF系统内固定治疗胸腰椎爆裂型骨折的疗效。应用AF系统内固定结合椎管减压、植骨治疗32例胸腰椎爆裂型骨折。结果32例中全部充分减压,固定可靠,神经恢复好转率达75%。结果表明,AF系统内固定治疗胸腰椎爆裂骨折是目前较为理想的疗法。     

钻孔减压结合自体松质骨及同种异体骨植骨治疗股骨头坏死的短期疗效观察

目的 对ARCO Ⅱa期至Ⅲa期股骨头坏死（osteonecrosis of the femoral head, ONFH）且接受大通道钻孔减压、病灶清除,并经减压通道行股骨头内自体松质骨、同种异体颗粒骨打压植骨、同种异体腓骨条植骨治疗的患者进行短期临床疗效分析。方法 2018年1月至2020年12月,四川省骨科医院纳入47例（59髋）股骨头坏死患者。其中,男39例,女8例;年龄29 ～ 51岁,平均37.2岁;ARCO Ⅱa期16髋,ARCO Ⅱb期21髋,ARCO Ⅱc期13髋,ARCO Ⅲa期9髋;酒精性ONFH 46髋（酒精组）,激素性ONFH 13髋（激素组）。术后门诊随访,复查X线片（双髋正位及蛙式位片）,观察股骨头形态及骨整合情况,记录患髋Harris评分。结果 本组47例（59髋）随访24 ～ 36个月,平均随访30个月。术后所有患者疼痛明显缓解,部分患者疼痛消失（包括Ⅱa期14髋,Ⅱb期13髋,Ⅱc期4髋）。6例（9髋）患者病情进展股骨头发生塌陷,其中Ⅱb期1髋,Ⅱc期3髋,Ⅲa期5髋。按病因分,酒精性坏死塌陷6髋,塌陷率13%;激素性坏死塌陷3髋,塌陷率23.1%。酒精组和激素组末次随访时Harris评分与术前比较,差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;酒精组术后Harris评分（82.7±5.6）分显著高于激素组（78.3±8.3）分,差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。不同ARCO分期患者术后髋关节功能均得到一定程度改善,其中Ⅱa及Ⅱb期优良率78.4%,Ⅱc、Ⅲa期优良率50%（P＜0.05）。结论 针对ARCO Ⅱa期至Ⅲa期股骨头坏死的患者,采用大直径通道减压、清除死骨,同时植入自体松质骨和同种异体颗粒骨混合物,最后配合同种异体腓骨条加强支撑,短期可有效防止坏死股骨头的塌陷并减轻疼痛、改善患功能。     

Refluent testicular autotransplantation by Domini's method

Autotransplantation presently constitutes the best option for the surgical treatment of non-palpable retained intra-abdominal testes. Silber first proposed this technique in 1978; it is not suitable in children under 3 years of age because of the small caliber of the testicular artery. In 1986 Dòmini, mindful of the problem of arterial vascularisation, carried out refluent testicular autotransplantation (RTAT), where a natural anastomosis between the testicular and deferential arteries is used. Venous drainage is guaranteed by performing a microsurgical anastomosis between the internal spermatic and inferior epigastric veins.At our institution this technique has been employed since 1990, replacing staged orchidopexy. We report a 2-year experience (1990–1992) in seven children who underwent RTAT and discuss the results obtained and the technique used.