快乐医疗理念的产生及构建原则

“快乐医疗”是一种新的医院理念 ,它一方面强调医院要尽力为患者减少痛苦、增进快乐 ;另一方面 ,还追求医务人员快乐地工作 ,并在工作中享受快乐。“快乐医疗”理念的产生 ,是不断加剧的医疗市场竞争的必然 ,也是现代医学模式和不断提高的消费者期望值的要求。通过阐述“快乐医疗”理念的内涵 ,提出医院构建新理念的基本原则 :即渗透性原则、系统性原则和持续性原则 ,并对此进行了深入的分析和探讨。     

Predictors of psychological well-being amongst Korean immigrants to the United States: a structured interview survey

BACKGROUND: As international migration becomes a common phenomenon in many countries, the health issues of immigrants are becoming an important area of concern among health care professionals worldwide. OBJECTIVE: Adopting the stress-health outcome framework, this study examined risks and resources of both positive and negative affect (i.e., happiness and depression) among Korean Americans who experienced acculturative and recent life stresses. METHODS: Hierarchical multiple regression analyses were performed to examine correlates of positive and negative outcomes in the stress process on a final sample of 147 Korean immigrants from a cross-sectional study. RESULTS: For happiness, lower levels of acculturative stress and recent life stress, a greater sense of mastery, and greater social support were associated with an increased level of happiness. None of the individual characteristics were significant. R(2) for the full model was .53. For negative affect, acculturative stress and recent life stress explained a significant portion (41%) of the total variance associated with depression (R(2)=.51). As with the happiness variable, individual characteristics failed to add to the predictiveness of the equation, while sense of mastery and social support functioned as significant resources in reducing depression. CONCLUSION: Increased mastery and greater social support were consistently predictive of greater happiness and less depression. Implications for future immigrant research are discussed.     

高校辅导员幸福感的调查与分析

目的探讨高校辅导员幸福感的心理结构、现状及影响因素。方法以问卷的形式对371名江苏7所高校的辅导员进行调查与分析。结果探索性因素分析表明高校辅导员的幸福感包含生活满意、健康体验、自我价值等8个因子,验证性因素分析支持了这个模型(GFI=0.847,IFI=0.897,CFI=0.895,RMSEA=0.065,χ2/df=2.550,P0.05),问卷的内部一致性系数α=0.911。辅导员的百分制幸福感均分为62.68,其中家庭氛围因子的得分最高(x珋=3.96),自主感因子的得分最低(x珋=2.97);不同年龄、职务、职称的辅导员幸福感具有显著差异(P0.05)。结论高校辅导员的幸福感包含生活满意、健康体验、自我价值、自主感、成长发展、人际和谐、家庭氛围和社会信心等8个因子,高校辅导员的幸福感整体处于中等偏上水平;年龄、职务和职称对辅导员的幸福感有显著影响。     

动画片的“治愈”作用：动画片类型及要素与个体情绪的关系

目的：探讨动画片类型及其要素与观者愉悦情绪的关系。方法：抽取200名大学生,使用5点量表分别测得被试观看3种动画片（美国产、中国产、日本产）后对该动画片的喜爱程度和愉悦情绪,分析能诱发愉悦情绪的动画片要素。结果：对美国产动画片的喜爱度评分和愉悦评分均高于其他两组（P均＜0．01）。更多被试选择配音配乐（χ2＝6．48,P＜0．05）和故事情节（χ2＝46．08,P＜0．01）为动画片诱发愉悦情绪的要素。结论：不同类型动画片对个体情绪调节的效果不同,其起作用的要素也不同。     

Public spaces and happiness: Evidence from a large-scale field experiment

This study examines the relationships between public spaces, immediate environment and momentary subjective wellbeing (M-SWB). The empirical findings are based on a unique dataset collected from tens of thousands of students in Singapore. The students wore a sensor for one week, and happy moments were captured as well as geospatial an environmental data throughout the country. This is a large-scale in-the-wild user study. The findings provide weak empirical evidence that visiting parks and community centers increase the probability of experiencing M-SWB compared with commercial areas. In line with previous studies, proximity to natural influencers such as green-, blue spaces or reservoirs was found to be not statistically significant. On the other hand, immediate noise levels and air temperature were strongly associated with M-SWB. The unique contribution of the paper is the estimation of place-, environment-, and personal-effects on momentary happiness using nearly-real time data.     

广州地区高校离退休老人幸福度研究

目的了解广州地区高校离退休老人的幸福度。方法采用纽芬兰纪念大学幸福度（ＭＵＮＳＨ）量表对２０４名广州地区高校的离退休老人进行调查。结果高校离退休老人的ＭＵＮＳＨ总分为３４２５；女性老人的幸福度差于男性，退休老人的负性体验较高；性别是影响幸福度的主要因素。结论高校的离退休老人的福利政策较好，其生活质量干预重点在于女性。     

老年人口幸福度与所获社会支持的相关性研究

为了解老年人口幸福度、所获社会支持情况及两者之间的关系采用纽芬兰大学幸福度量表、社会支持评定量表对济宁城区２４９名老年人口进行问郑调查。结果显示老年人口幸福度无性别差异（ｔ＝１．７８，Ｐ＝０．０７６），老年男性所获社会支持显著性地高于女性老年人口（ｔ＝２．４３，Ｐ〈０．０５），老年人口幸福度与支持以增加其自感幸福度，从而达到心射健康的完好状态。２     

糖尿病性视网膜病变患者的生活质量和幸福度评定及多因素分析

目的探讨糖尿病性视网膜病变患者的生活质量和幸福度等心理状况。方法采用生活质量调查量表和纽芬兰纪念大学幸福度量表对62例糖尿病性视网膜病变患者进行调查,并选取30例无明显躯体疾病和眼部疾病的同龄老年人做为对照组进行比较分析。结果糖尿病性视网膜病变患者幸福度总分均数通过q检验两两比较,显示三个分组之间均存在有明显的统计学差异(P<0.01或0.05)。生活质量调查结果显示其心理卫生、健康状况、经济收入、生活满意度等因素为主要影响因素。在多元逐步回归分析结果中,个性特点、婚姻状况、病程、医疗条件、治疗效果等5个自变量成为影响病人生活质量及幸福满意度的干扰因素,经检验(P<0.05或0.01)。结论糖尿病性视网膜病变患者存在有明显的心理改变,视力越低,其改变越明显。通过改善躯体健康状况、减少经济负担、增加家庭和社会支持,可改善并提高生活质量。     

精神科临床医护人员幸福感与自测健康及自我和谐的关系研究

目的:了解精神科临床医护人员幸福感与自测健康及自我和谐的特点以及之间的关系,为精神科管理者提供理论依据。方法:采用总体幸福感量表(GWB)、自测健康评定量表(SRHMS)、自我和谐量表(SCCS)进行测量,并做对照研究。结果:精神科医务人员的总体幸福感、自测健康总分以及自我和谐总分男女间无显著性差异;总体幸福感总分与自我和谐总分及其他各因子无显著相关;总体幸福感总分和自测健康总分医生高于护士,有显著性差异;医生与护士的自我和谐总分无显著性差异;综合性医院的总体幸福感、自测健康和自我和谐总分与专科医院无显著差异。结论:精神科临床医护人员的幸福感、自测健康和自我和谐无性别差异;幸福感和自测健康受职业性质的影响。精神科医护人员的心理健康应引起管理者和自身的重视。