MACS检测胃癌腹腔冲洗液游离癌细胞的研究

目的 探讨胃癌腹腔微转移情况的检测方法及意义。方法 手术中切除肿瘤前收集腹腔冲洗液，采用磁激活细胞分离术（MACS）对不同病理分期胃癌患者腹腔冲洗液中癌细胞进行富集并检测。分别标记带磁珠的细胞角蛋白（CK）抗体，经磁柱富集CK^＋上皮细胞，用流式细胞仪检测其含量，并比较胃癌组与胃平滑肌瘤组（对照组）以及胃癌不同分期之间、磁富集前后CK^＋上皮细胞含量的差异。结果 在未经MACS富集的标本中较少发现CK^＋ CD45^-细胞；在富集后的标本中其含量在胃癌组与对照组有显著差异（41／50，1／10，P〈0．001）；pTNMⅠ～Ⅱ期与Ⅲ～Ⅳ期之间（0．67％，3．42％，P〈0．001）差异有非常显著性。结论 MACS能有效地富集上皮来源细胞，提高上皮源细胞的检出率，并能反映腹腔游离癌细胞数量；上皮细胞数量与胃癌的存在及临床病理分期有关，其有利于判断肿瘤转移和预后并指导治疗。     

游离脂肪酸对大鼠肾小球系膜细胞增殖和细胞周期的影响

目的：探讨游离脂肪酸（FFAs）对体外培养的大鼠肾小球系膜细胞增殖和生长周期的影响。方法：用不同浓度的游离脂肪酸处理大鼠HBZY-1细胞株（即大鼠肾小球系膜细胞）24h～72h。采用噻唑蓝比色（MTT）法检测内皮细胞增殖情况,流式细胞术（FCM）分析法测定细胞周期变化。结果：游离脂肪酸可抑制HBZY-1细胞的生长增殖（与对照组比较,P〈0.01）,且这种抑制作用具有剂量和时间依赖性;游离脂肪酸作用于HBZY-1细胞24h、48h、72h,细胞周期发生明显改变,G1期细胞数增多,S期细胞数减少（与对照组比较,P〈0.01）。结论：游离脂肪酸可通过停滞细胞生长于G1期,抑制大鼠肾小球系膜细胞的生长增殖。     

游离大网膜移植修复严重手外伤

目的 通过临床实践,探索一种比较简单和相对有效的治疗严重手外伤的方法,以求最大限度地恢复手功能.方法 选用部分大网膜游离移植和网膜上同时中厚植皮术修复严重手外伤伴有大面积软组织缺损.结果 1997年起应用此方法共治疗6例病人7只手,创面一期愈合.并且供区组织充足,厚薄适度,不造成供区严重损伤,随访2～8年病人没有肠粘连症状出现.结论 选用此方法修复严重手外伤术后外形不臃肿,组织柔软,并能保留部分损伤的骨关节结构,瘢痕增生不明显,有利于手内关节活动和手功能恢复.     

Synaptosomal Na, K-ATPase during forebrain ischemia in Mongolian gerbils

We studied the activity and kinetic parameters of synaptosomal Na, K-ATPase during 15 min of forebrain ischemia and following 60 min of reperfusion produced by reversible common carotid occlusion in Mongolian gerbils. A synaptosomal fraction was obtained by both differential centrifugation of brain tissue homogenate and centrifugation of crude mitochondrial fraction at a discontinual sucrose density gradient. We found two components of ATP concentration dependence of ATP hydrolysis that represent two types of ATP-binding sites: high affinity and low affinity. Neither ischemia nor reperfusion affected kinetic parameters of a high-affinity site. However, lowaffinity site parameters were affected by both ischemia and ischemia followed by reperfusion. Maximal velocity (V _max) decreased by 43 and 42% after ischemia and after ischemia/reperfusion, respectively. The apparentK _m for ATP decreased by 52% after ischemia and by 47% after ischemia/reperfusion. The apparent affinities for K⁺ and Na⁺ were determined from the ATP hydrolysis rate as a function of Na⁺ and K⁺ concentrations. We found the half-maximal activation constant for K⁺ (K _a K⁺) increased by 60% after ischemia and by 146% after ischemia/reperfusion. On the other hand, we found thatK _aNa⁺ decreased significantly after ischemia/reperfusion (16%). We concluded that it is the dephosphorylation step of the ATPase reation cycle that is primarily affected by both ischemia and ischemia/reperfusion. This might be caused by alteration of the protein molecule and/or its surroundings subsequent to ischemia.     

用氟离子选择电极测定牙膏游离氟

用氟离子选择电极测定牙膏中的氟含量，本法测定回收率为９８．６３％～１０４．００％，变异系数为３．８３％。     

The lateral arm free flap in lower extremity reconstruction

Reconstruction of skin defects of the distal third of the leg and foot is often a difficult task. Shape, resistance to shearing stresses in the weight-bearing surface and sensibility are the main features that have to be restored. For coverage of this region, the authors have used, in selected patients, the lateral arm flap (LAF) since 1994. This flap is thin, easy to dissect and has the possibility to be innervated through the posterior cutaneous nerve of the arm. Fourteen cases are presented. The drawbacks of this flap are the loss of sensibility in the forearm (partially transient) and the scar on the arm, which can be rather unsightly in young ladies and when big flaps are harvested skin graft is needed.     

Free flap reconstruction in massive upper extremity burns

In massive burns, early excision and a free flap reconstruction is, in some cases, limb saving. From October 1979 to August 1993, eleven patients with massive burn injury in the upper extremity were treated using a free flap reconstruction. Eight cases were acute or subacute and three were late reconstructions. The following free flaps were used: rectus femoris microneurovascular musculocutaneous flap (2), latissimus dorsi flap (4), rectus abdominis flap (3), gluteal thigh flap (1), lateral arm flap (1), and serratus flap (1). The gluteal thigh flap was lost and it was later replaced by a rectus abdominis flap. In three cases successful reanastomosis was performed. Functional late reconstructions were performed in nine patients. In all eleven patients the limb was saved and functional recovery was satisfactory. We recommend that a free musculocutaneous or muscle flap is used, proximal to the wrist, if after careful excision of nonviable tissue, tendons, bone joint or major vessels are exposed. The rectus femoris musculocutaneous flap is a useful solution to restore extensor musculature of the forearm after extensive injury.     

脉冲激光射线强化金属材料的几个问题

本文讨论了激光脉冲射线强化金属材料的几个问题:强化图形,材料性能,加工用量及表面涂层对被强化表面性能的影响。     

Relationship of Spinal Fracture to Bone Density,Textural, and Anthropometric Parameters

To investigate risk factors for spinal fracture, we studied the relationship between the prevalence of asymptomatic spinal fracture and various morphological measures including spinal bone mineral density (BMD) in women. A total of 122 women ranging in age from 55 to 79 years were studied. The group consisted of 46 women aged 55–59 years (18 with fracture), 51 women aged 60–69 years (26 with fracture), and 26 women aged 70–79 years (14 with fracture). BMD of cortical and trabecular bone from L1 to L3 was measured using quantitative computed tomography (QCT). Run-length analysis was applied to evaluate the spinal trabecular textural features using CT images; the texture indices which represent the mean width of trabeculae (the T-texture) and that of intertrabecular spaces (the I-texture) were obtained. Anthropometric factors including body weight and height, psoas muscle area, and vertebral bone volume were measured using CT images. Among the various factors, trabecular BMD in women aged 55–69 years showed the highest odds ratio for the presence of fracture per standard deviation (SD) decrease in bone density. However, in women aged 70–79 years, the highest odds ratio was observed for trabecular texture index but not for trabecular BMD. The I-texture in women aged 55–59 years, the muscle area in women aged 60–69 years, and cortical BMD and muscle area in women aged 70–79 years were also considered significantly related to the risk of fracture. Received: 31 December 1995 / Accepted: 24 July 1996     

The estimation of the plasma free fraction of cyclosporine in rabbits and heart transplant patients: The application of a physiological model of renal clearance

We estimated the free fraction (f_u) of cyclosporine (CyA) in the plasma from concentrations of CyA in urine (C_u) and plasma (C_p), urine flow rate (UF), and glomerular filtration rate in rabbits and in heart transplant patients. Following intravenous administration of CyA (5–30 mg kg^?1) in ten NZW rabbits and oral administration of CyA (4.8–12.1 mg kg^?1) in nine heart transplant patients, CyA concentrations in urine and plasma were measured by HPLC. The ratios of C_u to C_p and UF data were fitted to a physiological model of renal clearance using NONMEM. The free fraction of cyclosporine in the rabbits and the heart transplant patients was 0.0122 and 0.14, respectively. Because of the relatively low permeability of CyA across the tubular epithelium, no apparent equilibrium between C_u and C_p at any urine flow rate was reached and, therefore, the C_u to C_p ratio will not be equal to f_u.