Symptom dimensions in recent-onset schizophrenia and mania: a principal components analysis of the 24-item Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale

Previous four- and five-factor solutions of the 18-item Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) suggested the possibility of an affective dimension in psychosis. A principal components analysis was used to analyze psychiatric symptom data rated on an expanded 24-item version of the BPRS. BPRS data were collected during a period of acute psychotic and affective illness with 114 young adult, recent-onset schizophrenia and schizoaffective patients and 27 bipolar manic patients. Principal components analyses of the 18-item and 24-item BPRS indicated a four-factor solution was the most interpretable. Principal components analysis of the 24-item BPRS produced a clear mania factor characterized by high loadings from items added to the 18-item BPRS, which included elevated mood, motor hyperactivity, and distractibility. This factor solution suggests that the 24-item BPRS allows for an expanded assessment of affective symptoms relating to a manic dimension. Potentially important symptoms that were added to the traditional 18-item version, namely suicidality, bizarre behavior, and self-neglect, also make clear contributions to other factors.     

妇科恶性肿瘤患者的生存期预测

目的建立一个预测临终期妇科肿瘤患者生存时间的评分办法。方法回顾性分析不再适于接受任何抗肿瘤治疗,并于院内死亡的91例临终期妇科恶性肿瘤患者的临床资料。91例患者年龄中位数56岁(13~83岁),从入院起生存中位数27d(1~240d)。分析19项临床和生化指标与生存时间的关系。对单因素分析方法显示的9项显著影响生存时间的指标进行多元逻辑回归分析,以逐步后退方法建立一个包括5项指标的回归模型。将各项指标的回归系数转换为简单分数,相加后得到每一例患者的预后评分。依据本评分方法将患者分为两组,A组≤9·5分,B组≥10分。结果单因素分析显示,对生存时间有显著影响的9项指标为:呼吸困难、Karnofsky功能指数(KPS)、年龄、发热、肿瘤发展速度、有无并发症、血尿素氮、肌酐、血小板。多元逻辑回归结果建立了包括呼吸困难、KPS、年龄、发热和血尿素氮5项指标在内的回归方程。方程的正确分辨能力83·5%。A组37例,平均生存时间为(65±7)d。B组54例,平均生存时间为(19±2)d。A组存活≥30d者占83·8%(31/37)、B组存活≤29d者占85·2%(46/54)。两组生存曲线的差异有统计学意义(P<0·001)。结论依据本组资料建立的评分办法简单实用,是预测临终患者生存时间的有效方法。     

脊髓损伤住院病人的医疗和非医疗费用调查分析

目的调查脊髓损伤住院病人的医疗和非医疗费用的支付情况及其主要影响因素.对损伤后疾病负担做出基本估计,为残疾预防,促进与维护健康提供有价值的参考依据.方法以1998-2001年脊髓损伤康复科出院患者的原始资料为依据,自行设计费用调查问卷.资料应用SPSS完成.结果111例脊髓损伤住院病人医疗费用占总费用占58.03%,非医疗费用占41.97%.康复训练费用仅占医疗费用的12.86%.脊髓不完全性损伤费用多,康复治疗效果明显,患者的期望值高,因此住院时间较长.费用来源于公费、肇事责任方的患者平均住院日及费用无明显差异,自费患者住院天数、医疗费用明显减少.在脊髓损伤后非医疗费用中,陪护费占34.26%.结论遏止交通事故,工业伤害,减轻社会的总体负担;要逐步降低康复医院的药品费用的比重,提高康复训练中技术服务价值:应将脊髓损伤纳入重大疾病预防控制工作.     

FGF 23和Klotho蛋白水平在终末期肾病患者中与钙磷代谢及其伴发病的相关性

【摘要】 目的 探讨血清成纤维细胞生长因子23（FGF 23）和Klotho蛋白水平在终末期肾病（ESRD）患者中与钙磷代谢、动脉硬化、左室肥厚的相关性。方法 选取2015年1月～2016年4月在大连大学附属中山医院血液净化科进行血液透析（HD）的患者50例为血透组、腹膜透析（PD）患者50例为腹透组,并选取同期在本院体检的健康人群30例为健康对照组。通过整理资料、实验室检测、超声科检查比较不同透析方式对FGF 23和Kloth蛋白水平的影响、同时分析FGF 23和Kloth蛋白水平与钙磷代谢、动脉硬化及左室肥厚的相关性。结果 血透、腹透组FGF 23水平明显高于健康对照组,且血透组FGF 23水平也明显高于腹透组,差异有统计学意义（P＜005）;血透组、腹透组Klotho蛋白水平明显低于健康对照组,差异均有统计学意义（P＜005）,血透组与腹透组Klotho蛋白水平相近,差异无统计学意义（P＞005）;FGF 23水平与钙磷代谢呈正相关（r =05323、05178、05178,P＜005）、与继发性甲状旁腺功能亢进呈正相关（r =03038,P＜005）、与颈动脉硬化呈正相关（r =02987,P＜005）;Kloth蛋白与钙磷代谢呈负相关（r = 05103、 01105、 05264,P＜005）、与继发性甲状旁腺功能亢进呈正相关（r =03254,P＜005）。结论 ESRD透析患者中FGF 23存在高表达,而Klotho蛋白存在低表达,它们与HD、PD患者发生高磷血症、继发性甲状旁腺功能亢进、动脉硬化关系密切。     

Assessing infertility-related stress: the factor structure of the Fertility Problem Inventory in Italian couples undergoing infertility treatment

Abstract

The factor structure of the Fertility Problem Inventory (FPI) and its invariance across gender were examined in Italian couples undergoing infertility treatment. About 1000 subjects (both partners of 500 couples) completed two questionnaires prior to commencing infertility treatment at a private Clinic in Palermo, Italy. Confirmatory Factor Analysis demonstrated that the original factor structure of the FPI was partially confirmed. Two correlated factors (Infertility Life Domains and Importance of Parenthood) were obtained via a post hoc Exploratory Factor Analysis. Finally, the invariance of this factor structure across gender was confirmed. The study supported the relevance of two interrelated factors specific to infertility stress which could help clinicians to focus on the core infertility-related stress domains of infertile couples.     

An exploratory study of the factors related to mouth breathing syndrome in primary school children

ObjectiveMouth breathing syndrome (MBS) is defined as a set of signs and symptoms that may be completely or incompletely present in subjects who, for various reasons, replace the correct pattern of nasal breathing with an oral or mixed pattern. It is important to identify the relevant factors affecting MBS in order to diagnose its cause since breathing obstructions can result from multiple factors. The purpose of this study is to clarify the relevant factors and the interrelationships between factors affecting MBS among children.DesignWe surveyed 380 elementary school children from 6 to 12 years in age. The questionnaire consisted of 44 questions regarding their daily health conditions and lifestyle habits and was completed by the children’s guardians. A factor analysis was performed to classify closely related questions into their respective factors and to examine the strength of the correlation between the newly revealed factors.ResultsTwenty-six out of the 44 questions were selected, and they were classified into seven factors. Factors 1–7 were defined as “Incompetent lip seal”, “Diseases of the nose and throat”, “Eating and drinking habits”, “Bad breath”, “Problems with swallowing and chewing”, “Condition of teeth and gums”, and “Dry lips”, respectively. There were also correlations between these factors themselves.ConclusionMBS was categorized according to 7 major factors. Because Factor 1 was defined as “Incompetent lip seal”, which was representative of the physical appearance of mouth breathers and correlated with other factors, we suggested that MBS should consist of 7 factors in total.     

Acquired hemophilia in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus: a case report and literature review

Abstract

We report the case of a 38-year-old female patient with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) who developed acquired hemophilia caused by factor VIII (FVIII) inhibitors. She manifested spontaneous bleeding symptoms such as ecchymoses and hematuria. Laboratory findings showed an isolated prolongation of the activated partial thromboplastin time, reduced FVIII activity, and a high titer of FVIII inhibitors. She was successfully treated with oral predonisolone and cyclosporine in combination with steroid and cyclophosphamide pulse therapy.     

Unforeseen encounter of acquired hemophilia A in a preoperative case of periampullary carcinoma: A case report

IntroductionAcquired hemophilia A (AHA) is a rare disorder characterized by development of antibodies against factor VIII, which can present as paraneoplastic syndrome in various malignancies like periampullary cancer, cancer of lung, prostate, gastrointestinal stromal tumour and non malignant cases like pregnancy, autoimmune disease and medication.Case presentationWe report a case of elderly man presented with paraneoplastic AHA in periampullary carcinoma in preoperative period which was diagnose by mixing study and inhibitor assay and managed with bypass agents like recombinant factor VII, FEIBA and immunosuppresion to eliminate inhibitor with help of steroid, cyclophosphamide and emicizumab. Patient underwent Whipple’s pancreaticoduodenectomy after which coagulation study became normal in immediate postoperative period. Patient was discharged and followed up with chemotherapy.Clinical discussionPeriampullary carcinoma presenting as AHA is rare and rarer in pre-operative settings. The usual mode of presentation is bleeding after biopsy and from minor surgical scars. The pathogenesis is yet to be delineated. It is managed by factor VIII administration and immunosuppressive therapy.ConclusionHigh index suspicion should be there to diagnose AHA as a paraneoplastic manifestation and elective surgery should be delayed till normalization of coagulation parameters.     

Therapeutic plasma exchange for thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura with refractory thrombocytopenia

Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) is an acute, life‐threatening illness with disseminated platelet‐rich thromboses of small vessels that variably presents with the classic clinical “pentad” of microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, fever, altered mental status, and acute kidney injury. Most cases are caused by an acquired autoantibody to ADAMTS13, a metalloproteinase that cleaves large von Willebrand Factor (vWF) multimers. The mainstay of treatment is daily therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE), sometimes with adjunctive pharmacologic immunosuppression. TPE is generally continued until the platelet count is greater than 150 × 10³/µL and the lactate dehydrogenase is near normal for 2‐3 consecutive days. Unfortunately, there is no clear guidance for when thrombocytopenia is refractory for a prolonged period of time. The following case describes such a scenario in which consecutive ADAMTS13 activity and inhibitor levels were used to guide the decision to stop treatment with TPE in a patient who failed to recover their platelet count.