Raised intracranial pressure,the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion,and arginine vasopressin in tuberculous meningitis

Intracranial pressure (ICP) monitored shortly after admission over a period of 1 h in 31 children with tuberculous meningitis (TBM) was significantly higher (median 22.5 mm Hg, range 8.4–50.9 mmHg) in 19 children with laboratory evidence of the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH) than in 12 children without such evidence (median 16.2 mmHg, range 5.8–42.5 mmHg; P = 0.027). Neither plasma nor cerebrospinal fluid arginine vasopressin (AVP) was related to ICP (r = 0.33 and 0.13 respectively). Mean arterial pressure (MAP) was measured in 23 children and a moderate correlation was found with plasma AVP (r = 0.62; P = 0.0019). In TBM, plasma AVP may be secreted as a response to raised ICP in an effort to raise MAP and maintain cerebral perfusion pressure. In this setting excess fluid may be inappropriately retained, leading to hyponatremia and hypo-osmolemia.     

益气通腑法治疗食管贲门癌术后气虚气滞证47例

目的:观察益气通腑法治疗食管贲门癌术后气虚气滞证的临床疗效.方法:以益气通腑方治疗47例食管贲门癌术后气虚气滞证患者,与40例术后常规处理的对照组比较.结果:治疗组证候疗效愈显率、总有效率分别为63.83%和95.74%,对照组愈显率、总有效率分别为30.00%和70.00%,两组比较,差异有显著性(P<0.01).两组1周后证候积分均有减低,治疗组与对照组比较,差异有显著性(P<0.01).治疗组术后排气时间、留置胃管时间与对照组比较,差异有显著性(P<0.01).术后并发症发生率治疗组为8.51%(4/47),对照组为30.00%(12/40),二者相比,差异有显著性(P<0.01).结论:益气通腑法能改善食管贲门癌术后气虚气滞证的症状和促进术后恢复.     

糖尿病肾病临床研究述评

本文从中医病名、病因病机、诊断标准、临床分期、疗效评定、辨证论治、临床科研七个方面对糖尿病肾病的研究进行了述评。指出：糖尿病肾病的中医病名、诊断、分期及疗效评定标准亟待统一；立足于临床实际，参考现代医学有关认识，应用ＤＭＥ方法，开展糖尿病肾病临床和实验研究，深入探讨其病因病机和证治规律，在中医基本理论指导下，大胆创新，是提高临床疗效的关键；分期辨证论治较为符合疾病的发展规律，便于寻找防治糖尿病肾病的有效方法。     

脂肪栓塞综合征：附19例报告

脂肪栓塞综合征是创伤或骨折的严重并发症，死亡率高，通过对１９例临床观察分析及复习文献，提出对本征诊断有重要意义的４项标准：（１）“暴风雪”样肺片；（２）皮肤或粘膜有出血点；（３）低氧血症；（４）血小板减少，并认为应用高压氧治疗本征是一种有效的方法。     

中西医结合治疗慢性肾炎疗效观察及其与血液流变学和微循环的相关意义分析

本文对比观察了中西医结合治疗与单纯西药治疗慢性肾炎的临床疗效,结果表明,前者缓解率及总有效率分别为79.8%和92.1%,显著高于对照组(均P<0.01)。治疗组各临床类型及各中医证型的疗效亦均明显高于对照组相对应的各型肾炎(P<0.05～0.01)。治疗组各型肾炎之血液流变学及甲皱微循环改善均较对照组为显著。两组中完全缓解加基本缓解者,该两类检查指标改善极为显著(P<0.05～0.01),而好转及无效者则无明显改善(P>0.05)。提示临床疗效与之密切相关。     

Effects of plasma cortisol and its receptor on patients with deficiency-cold and deficiency-heat syndromes

Plasma cortisol levels and leukocyte glucocorticosteroid receptor (GCR) contents were assayed in 10 patients with Deficiency-Cold Syndrome, 10 patients with Deficiency-Heat Syndrome, and 10 healthy subjects as normal control. The results showed practically normal plasma cortisol levels in the Deficiency-Cold Group, but the leukocyte GCR contents were markedly lowered. In the Deficiency-Heat group, plasma cortisol levels were remarkably elevated and the leukocyte GCR contents also tended to be higher than normal. The quantity of plasma cortisol concentrations multiplied by leukocyte GCR contents can be taken as a sensitive index for the differentiation of Cold and Heat natures in Deficiency Syndromes.     

激素敏感型肾病综合征小儿的HLA

为了解中国汉族儿童激素敏感型肾病综合征与ＨＬＡ的关系，研究了３７名该病患儿的ＨＬＡ－Ａ，Ｂ，ＤＲ，ＤＱ抗原频率，ＨＬＡ－Ａ，Ｂ抗原与本病无关联，ＨＬＡ－ＤＲ７抗原频率（３７．８４％）较对照组（１１．２３％）有显著性增高（Ｐｃ＝１．７×１０－３），ＨＬＡ一ＤＱ抗原较对照组低（３２．４３％与６１．４０％，Ｐｃ＝７．７×１０－３），频复发或频反复病人与ＨＬＡ－ＤＲ９抗原相关（Ｐｃ＝２．９×ｌ０－２）。支持该病有免疫遗传基础的假说     

重症监护病房真菌耐药监测及与中医证型的关系

目的明确重症监护病房(ICU)侵袭性真菌感染的细菌病原学、耐药性及与中医证型的关系,指导临床经验性使用抗菌药物。方法对中国中医科学院广安门医院2006-03—2007-02ICU患者侵袭性感染真菌及其对抗细菌药物的耐药性进行回顾性调查。结果ICU真菌感染主要以念珠菌为主,念珠菌中以白色念珠菌为最多。真菌感染中医辨证以虚实夹杂证最常见,而又以气阴两虚、痰热互结为最多,实证以痰热内结为主。结论依据真菌病原学、抗菌药物敏感性结果及中医证型分布,有效选择中西医疗法,减少新的耐药株的出现,发挥中医优势。     

肾综合征出血热病毒气溶胶的物理稳定性实验研究

本文采用荧光素钠正常鼠脑悬液做模拟示踪物质，对肾综合征出血热病毒气溶胶在空气中的物理稳定性进行了测定，并与其生物稳定性做了比较。结果表明：病毒气溶胶的粒子大小在１ｕｍ左右，它随气溶胶的胶龄增长而减少，且其分散度变窄。初始气溶胶的物理回收率及其各胶龄的物理存留率均明显地高于它的生物回收率和生物存活率。本文还就肾综合征出血热病毒气溶胶的物理稳定性和生物稳定性，对本病空气传播的影响进行了讨论。     

Effect of linoleic acid, linoleic acid anilide, and arachidonic acid on the expression of adhesion molecules on human neutrophils

The effects of linoleic acid, linoleic acid anilide, and arachidonic acid on the expression of CD11b/CD18, CD11c/CD18 integrins and l-selectin on human neutrophils were studied by flow cytometry in a whole blood assay. None of these compounds had any effect on the basal expression of CD11b, CD11c, or l-selectin in the concentration range of 20–100 μM. However, linoleic acid at a concentration of 1000 μM slightly up-regulated CD11b and CD11c by a factor of 2.1 and 1.7, respectively. Linoleic acid, linoleic acid anilide, and arachidonic acid did not affect the formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine induced up-regulation of CD11b or CD11c. However, linoleic acid and linoleic acid anilide slightly inhibited the phorbol myristate acetate (PMA)-induced expression of CD11b, which was decreased by 27 and 21% at concentrations of 100 and 1000 μM, respectively. Likewise, arachidonic acid at 40 μM inhibited the PMA-induced expression of CD11b by 19%. Our results suggest that linoleic acid, linoleic acid anilide, and arachidonic acid do not dramatically affect the expression of leukocyte adhesion molecules in a whole blood assay. Received: 17 February 1997  / Accepted: 5 May 1997