时间分辨荧光免疫分析的研究进展及应用

时间分辨荧光免疫分析(Time-resolved fluoroinununoassay，TRFM)是一种新型的体外超微量分析技术。它具有高精度、自动化、大样本快速测定(1～2h就能出结果)等技术优点。其在灵敏度和准确性方面明显高于ELISA，特异性又明显高于聚合酶链反应(PCR)。因而，其应用已不再局限于临床诊断，已渗透入生物学研究的各个领域。本文就该技术的研究进展及应用做一简要综述。     

荧光定量聚合酶链反应检测乙肝病毒及其临床意义

OBJECTIVE: To study the relationship between the serum contents of HBV DNA copies and the HBV serum index of immunology and the degree of hepatocyte injury in patients with HBV hepatitis. METHODS: The contents of HBV DNA copies were detected by fluorescence quantitative PCR (FQ-PCR), and the HBV serum index of immunology by ELISA. RESULTS: The contents of HBV DNA copies had a significant difference between HBeAg (+)/anti-HBe (-) group (42 patients) and HBeAg (-)/anti-HBe (+) group (57 patients) or HBeAg (-)/anti-HBe (-) group(11 patients) (P < 0.05), while there was no significant difference between HBeAg (-)/anti-HBe (+) group and HBeAg (-)/anti-HBe (-) group(P > 0.05). The contents of HBV DNA copies had no correlation with the severe degree of hepatocyte injury(P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: Anti-HBe is not the terminal sign of HBV replication. The severe degree of hepatocyte injury has not a direct correlation with the contents of HBV DNA copies.     

免疫组织化学技术检测Kikuchi淋巴结炎

目的 探讨免疫组化在检测Kikuchi淋巴结炎(KFD)中的意义。方法 采用单克隆抗体CD20、CD45RO、CD57、CD68、CD8和多克隆抗体髓过氧化物酶(MPO)对42例KFD活检标本进行HE染色及免疫组化检测。结果 淋巴结受损区域由组织细胞、免疫母细胞、浆样单核细胞、小淋巴细胞及核碎片组成。所有病例均出现组织细胞。绝大多数组织细胞共同表达MPO／CD68。免疫母细胞、浆样单核细胞在增生期容易观察到。T细胞呈灶状阳性，而NK及B细胞呈散在阳性。所有病例中性粒细胞很少或缺乏。结论 免疫组化分析可以作为鉴别诊断KFD的重要指标。     

增殖细胞核抗原与大肠癌预后的关系

大肠癌是消化系统最常见的恶性肿瘤 ,其预后与组织分化程度有一定关系。增殖细胞核抗原(proliferatingcellnuclearantigen ,PCNA)是分子量为3 6KD的一种周期素 ,表达和合成于细胞周期S期和G1 晚期。我们应用抗PCNA的单克隆抗体 ,以ABC免疫组织化学技术 ,对大肠癌作了研究 ,旨在探讨其表达与组织分化程度和预后的关系。1　材料与方法1 1　病例　选用我院 1 988～ 1 995年行直肠癌根治术后石蜡标本共 5 0例 ,其中男 3 1例 ,女 1 9例。年龄 2 2～ 68岁 ,平均 5 0岁。按WHO标准 ,组织分化程度 :高分化 1 3例 ,中分化 1 6例 ,低分化 2 1…     

胃腺癌微卫星不稳定性与VEGF蛋白表达关系的研究

目的：探讨胃癌微卫星不稳定性(MSI)与胃腺癌中皿管内皮生长因子(VEGF）之间的关系。方法：应用PCR—SSCP技术检测30例胃腺癌5个位点的微卫星不稳定性，同时应用免疫组织化学的方法检测肿瘤皿管内皮生长因子(VEGF)蛋白的表达。结果：MSI阳性率为43．4％(13／30)。VEGF阳性率为60％(18／30）。MSI—H胃癌VEGF的表达显著减少。结论：MSI—H的胃癌与MSS胃癌可能存在两种不同的胃癌及肿瘤血管新生形成的途径。MSI—H肿瘤较低的VEGF表达可能可以解释为何MSI-H胃癌有较低的侵袭性。     

幽门螺杆菌对反流性食管炎影响的临床研究

目的　观察胃内幽门螺杆菌 (HP)感染对反流性食管炎 (RE)发生、发展以及治疗的影响 ,以探讨它们之间的关系。方法　胃窦活检、快速尿素酶试验检测HP感染 ,内镜下诊断RE ,观察比较HP阴性组、HP阳性组RE的发生率及病变程度。选择中度RE患者分组给予质子泵抑制剂 (标准治疗组 )或质子泵抑制剂加抗生素 ,观察各组疗效并比较。结果　HP阴性组RE检出率 (7.72 % )高于HP阳性组 (5 .2 6 % )。HP阴性组RE重度者(2 1.4 3% )多于HP阳性组 (5 .71% ) ,HP阳性组RE轻度者 (5 2 .86 % )多于HP阴性组 (33.33% )。HP阳性标准治疗组显效率 (6 0 .0 0 % )高于HP阴性标准治疗组 (2 1.0 5 % )和HP阳性加抗生素组 (2 1.4 3% )。经 χ2 检验 ,以上各组比较均有显著性差异 (P <0 .0 5 )。结论　胃内HP感染不是RE的病因 ,HP感染能减轻RE的黏膜损伤并增强抑酸剂的疗效 ,对有HP感染的RE ,抗HP应慎重 ,不主张常规根除治疗     

Epidemiological and pathogenic study on the outbreak of toxic shock syndrome and meningocephalitis caused by swine streptococcus

Objective: To reveal the relationship between the biological characteristics of pathogen and the pig-to-human spread of the epidemic and infectious disease in 1998 in East China. Methods: Epidemiological survey, pathological examination of pigs and patients, and pathogen isolation were performed. Results: The disease had a character of quick onset, serious symptoms, short course and high mortality. The clinical manifestations and pathological changes of the disease were high fever, sometimes with nausea, vomiting and diarrhea, then might develop to myositis, fascitis, DIC, multiple organ failure, shock and usually died in 2-3 d. Among 25 patients, 16 manifested clinically as streptococcal toxic shock syndromes and 9 streptococcal meningiocephalitis syndrome. The mortality was 81.25% and 11.11% respectively. Pathogenic bacteria isolated from diseased pigs and patients were found to have some common characteristics in morphology, staining and biological characters. Conclusion: The pathogen isolated from the blood of patients and pigs were identified as streptococci.     

慢性氟中毒对小鼠切牙胚内釉上皮TGF-beta1表达的影响

目的 :观察慢性氟中毒对小鼠切牙胚内釉上皮表达 TGF- beta1的影响 ,探讨TGF- beta1在氟牙症发生机制中的作用。方法 :给小鼠分别喂以含 0、5 0、1 0 0 ppm Na F的饮水 ,6周后免疫组化观察结果。结果 :图像分析显示加氟组 TGF- beta1的表达水平低于空白组。结论 :氟可能通过抑制 TGF- beta1的表达干扰内釉上皮的分化和基质分泌 ,导致氟牙症的发生。