乳酸-羟基乙酸共聚物微球的研究进展

通过整理和归纳国内外文献,介绍乳酸-羟基乙酸(PLGA)载药微球的制备方法和作为药物载体的应用。     

γ-氨基丁酸受体及相关药物研究进展

目的介绍-γ-氨基丁酸受体及相关药物研究进展。方法综合最新国内外文献报道,总结γ-氨基丁酸受体及相关药物的研究近况。结果-γ-氨基丁酸受体及相关药物的研究取得很大进展。结论这些药物的研究进展对治疗γ-氨基丁酸在大脑中的水平异常及γ-氨基丁酸受体功能障碍引起的多种疾病有重大意义。     

Ethical Issues in Geriatric Medicine: A Unique Problematic?

It is commonly believed thatgeriatric medicine generates a distinctive setof ethical problems. Implicated are such issuesas resource allocation, competence and consent,advance directives, medical futility anddeliberate death. It is also argued that itwould be unjust to allow the elderly to competewith younger populations for expensive andscarce health care resources because theelderly have already lived, and that treatingthem the same as these other populations woulddiminish the available resources unfairly,prolong a life of inevitably failing health andresult in increased health care expenditures.In fact, however, this perception of ethicaluniqueness is mistaken. Differences in medicalconditions, demographics and aetiology shouldnot be allowed to obscure the fact that ethicalissues in geriatric medicine are essentiallythe same as those faced in any other area ofhealth care, and that the solutions that areadopted in the geriatric context must beconsistent with the ethical principles that arefollowed elsewhere. The paper argues that theroot of the mistaken perception lies in theabandonment of the Hippocratic mandate ofmedicine and in an unreflective adherence tothe belief that medical advances are inevitablybeneficial. It is suggested that a return topatient-centred medicine and the use of ethicsimpact analyses before introducing medicaladvances may be ethically appropriate.     

舌苔形成的分子机制研究进展

望舌苔是中医望诊的重要内容之一，目前尝试借助于现代医学手段来阐明舌苔形成机制的研究逐渐增多，分别从舌苔与凋亡相关基因、舌苔与表皮生长因子及其受体的关系方面进行了综述。     

具有抗辐射损伤作用的中药复方研究进展概述

目的:总结近5年来国内外具有抗辐射作用的中药复方研究概况。方法:采用文献综述法。结果:四物汤、养阴抗毒散等中药复方具有抗辐射作用。结论:以清热解毒、生津止渴、补益气血为主组成的中药复方具有抗辐射损伤的作用。     

The cause and prevention of human birth defects: What have we learned in the past 50 years?

ABSTRACT This review article dealig with the subject of “The Cause and Prevention of Human Birth Defects” was prepared in celebration of the 40th anniversary of the Japanese Teratology Society. It begins with recollections of some of the important contributions of Japanese scientists in the fields of teratology and embryology and a summary of the many scientific and medical accomplishments of the past 50 years in the fields of teratology, genetics, developmental biology, epidemiology and genetics. The review includes a summary of the drugs, chemicals and physical agents that have been documented to result in congenital malformations and reproductive effects when pregnant women are exposed during pregnancy. The principles of teratology were also summarized and emphasize that 1) no teratogenic agent can be described qualitatively as a teratogen, since a teratogenic exposure must include not only the agent, but also the dose and the time in pregnancy when the exposure occurs. 2) Even agents that have been demonstrated to result in malformatins cannot produce every type of malformation. 3) Known teratogens can be presumptively identified by the spectrum of malformations they produce. 4) It is easier to exclude an agent as a cause of birth defects than to definitively conclude that it was responsible for birth defects. 5) When evaluating the risk of exposures, the dose is a crucial component in determining the risk. 6) Teratogenic agents follow a toxicological dose response curve. This means that each teratogen has a threshold dose, below which, there is no risk of teratogenensis, no matter when in pregnancy the exposure occurred. 7) The evaluation of a child with congenital malformations connot be adequately performed unless it is approached with the same scholarship and detail, as is any other complicated medical problem. 8) Each physician must recognize the consequences of providing erroneous reproductive risks to pregnant women exposed to drugs and chemicals during pregnancy or alleging that a child's malformations are due to an environmental agent without performing a complete and scholarly evaluation.     

Overview of the Sixth International Symposium on Hodgkin's disease – recent advances in basic and clinical trials

Abstract:  The Sixth International Symposium on Hodgkin's disease was held in Cologne, Germany, between September 18 and 21, 2004, organized by the German Hodgkin Study Group (GHSG) and chaired by Volker Diehl. Since 1987 the international symposia were held at regular intervals in Cologne with the aim to facilitate international cooperation and to bring together new scientific and clinical results reached in the field of Hodgkin's disease. The expanding number of participants from about 300 attendees at the first symposium to almost 800 from 48 countries at the Sixth International Symposium indicates the increasing importance of this meeting. For the second time a patient seminar with more than 350 attendees has been organized. This sixth meeting was going to be unique, since the GHSG celebrated its 25th anniversary and honored Volker Diehl, the group's founder in recognition of his work during more than 25 yr. The symposium was held at the University of Cologne's main building, creating a special, scientific and familiar atmosphere. Throughout the symposia carried out by the GHSG, preclinical and clinical several topics have always been of basic interest and have provided a basis for discussion and scientific exchange.     

龙胆属秦艽组植物的化学成分和药理作用研究进展

龙胆属秦艽组植物是传统中药秦艽的基原植物.秦艽组植物主要含有环烯醚萜、三萜和甾体等成分,其主要药理作用是抗炎镇痛及健胃抑菌等.作者系统总结了关于这些化学成分和药理作用的研究进展,为秦艽组植物的进一步开发利用提供参考.     

姜黄素单羰基类似物的研究进展

目的总结近几年来姜黄素单羰基类似物在合成、稳定性及药理活性方面的研究进展。方法通过检索查找相关文献。结果合成的姜黄素单羰基类似物不仅稳定性有所提高,且其药理活性也有所提高。结论姜黄素单羰基类似物具有进一步的研究价值和良好的应用前景。     

2008年临床肿瘤学重大进展——美国临床肿瘤学会年度报告

美国临床肿瘤学会（American Society of Clinical Oncology,ASCO）每年都会回顾总结临床肿瘤领域各项研究并筛选出本年度最有影响力的进展。2008年重点报告了31项年度最有意义的研究。其中包括12项“主要进展”。