孕妇外周血中胎儿有核红细胞数量与妊娠高血压综合征的关系

目的 探讨孕妇外周血中胎儿有核红细胞数量（fetal nucleated red blood cells，FNRBC）数与妊娠高血压综合征的关系。方法 对128名孕龄32～42周，年龄24～35岁的孕妇外周血进行单密度梯度离心，对分离后的细胞进行制片、染色，显微镜下进行FNRBC计数，比较组间差异。结果 38名正常妊娠组孕妇外周血中FNRBC数目为（6．4667±2．5141）个／5ml，36名轻度妊高征组孕妇外周血中FNRBC数目为（9．5300±2．3286）个／5ml，28名中度妊高征组孕妇外周血中FNRBC数目为（13．7100±4．0286）个／5ml，26名重度妊高征组孕妇外周血中FNRBC数目为（31．5000±9．4086）个／5ml。四组间比较P值均小于0．05。结论 妊高征组孕妇外周血FNRBC数目明显升高，为妊高征的临床预测和评估提供了一条新思路。     

Relations between platelet and plasma-coagulative components of hemostasis in health and disease

The adhesive-aggregative activity of the platelets and the rate of blood clotting were compared in 125 healthy subjects during an emergency adaptation reaction (emotional stress, ACTH loading) and in 157 patients with heart and circulatory diseases during the period of crisis, and also during acute drug therapy. Changes in the platelets and plasma-coagulative components of hemostasis were found to be opposite in direction, and on this basis new ideas were put forward to explain the hemostatic function of the platelets.Department of Internal Medicine, Kuban Red Army Medical Institute. (Presented by Academician of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR N. A. Fedorov.) Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 88, No. 12, pp. 669–672, December, 1979.     

Peripheral blood mononuclear-cell interleukin-2 production,receptor generation and lymphokine-activated cytotoxicity in inflammatory bowel disease

The interleukin-2 pathway is essential for the normal immune response to antigen stimulation; we have examined the possibility that this may underlie abnormal peripheral blood lymphocyte immunoregulatory function that has been observed in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. We studied 11 patients with Crohn's disease and 5 with ulcerative colitis, all with quiescent disease activity. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated from these patients and from healthy age- and sex-matched controls. Interleukin-2 production after mitogen and phorbol-myristate acetate stimulation was similar in both groups: 381±71 (mean ± SE) U/ml by control cells and 451±70 by patient cells. Interleukin-2 receptor generation was also measured pre- and poststimulation by labeling with anti-Tac antibody. This was 10.45±1 and 69.95±3.85% for control cells and 11.41±1.38 and 60.9±4.25% for patients cells. Finally, we examined the response of these cells to interleukin-2 stimulation by generating cells with direct cytotoxicity to⁵¹Cr-labeled Daudi-cell targets. Control cells caused 59.5±46%⁵¹Cr release, whereas patient cells caused 50.8±5.18% release. None of the above results achieved statistical significance. We conclude that the peripheral blood interleukin-2 pathway is normal in inactive inflammatory bowel disease.     

儿童臀肌挛缩症免疫发病机理的研究

本文对４１例儿童臀肌挛缩症患者外周血及３２例儿童臀肌挛缩症臀肌进行了系统的免疫学研究。结果表明：儿童臀肌挛缩症患者免疫调节功能紊乱，红细胞免疫功能低下，臀肌组织免疫复合物沉积，臀肌小血管数目减少及管壁损伤。由此认为免疫病理因素是儿童臀肌挛缩症的主要发病机理。     

基于免疫磁珠法的不同筛选方案对胎儿有核红细胞富集效果的比较

目的：将密度梯度离心(density gradient centrifugation,DGC)与免疫磁珠法(magnetic-activated cell sorting,MACS)相结合,应用4种不同的筛选方案,对脐血中的胎儿有核红细胞(fetal nucleated red blood cells,FNRBC)进行分离,评估不同策略富集FNRBC的效果。方法：对10例脐血标本(12 mL/例)按4种不同方案进行筛选：DGC;DGC⁺MACS阴性筛选(CD45^-);DGC⁺MACS阳性筛选(CD71⁺);DGC⁺MACS阴性/阳性筛选(CD45-/CD71⁺)。通过细胞计数板计数,K-B染色后显微镜下人工FNRBC计数,从获得总细胞量、FNRBC量和FNRBC比例经t检验后评估不同方案富集FNRBC的效果。结果：(1)与其他3组相比,DGC方案可获得的总细胞量(0.95×10⁷/mL)最多,FNRBC数量(39.87/mL)最多,F...     

Lymphocyte concanavalin A capping in hereditary cerebral haemorrhage with amyloidosis — Dutch type

Summary Lymphocyte capping with concanavalin A was studied in 11 patients with hereditary cerebral haemorrhage with amyloidosis (Dutch type) and 10 controls. No difference in capping was found between patients and controls. Abnormal lymphocyte concanavalin A capping has been reported in patients with the Icelandic type of cerebral amyloidosis and in patients with Alzheimer's disease, a disease in which cerebral amyloid angiopathy can also be found. The results suggest a difference in pathogenesis between the Dutch type of cerebral amyloidosis and the other amyloid diseases.Members of the Amyloid Research Group, Leiden     

A simple,rapid and simultaneous analysis of complex volatile hydrocarbon mixtures in blood using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry with a wide-bore capillary column

Summary A screening method for detecting volatile hydrocarbons in blood has been developed using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry with a wide-bore capillary column and a headspace method. Toluene-d₈ and indan were used as the internal standards for quantitative analysis. Hydrocarbons with retention indices from 600 to 1200 were simultaneously and quantitatively detected in relatively low concentrations (0.01 g/m1) in reconstructed ion chromatography. This method could prove useful in forensic cases in which urgent examination of complex hydrocarbon mixtures, e.g. petroleum components, is required. Offprint requests to: K. Hara     

Clonally restricted insulin autoantibodies in a cohort of 2200 healthy blood donors

Summary Serum samples of 2200 blood donors were screened for anti-insulin IgG by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Specificity of detected antibodies was verified by competition with an excess of insulin and observation that saturated anti-insulin IgG were no longer measurable. The upper limit of measured signal in the population was defined as the mean plus three SD. In the direct assay, 32 sera were positive. Among these, 22 (1%) contained saturable insulin antibodies (true positive) and 10 were non-saturable and considered as non-insulin-specific. The positive blood donors were requested to answer a questionnaire and according to their answers, none had ever received insulin, was a first degree relative of a Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetic patient or had experienced a hypoglycaemic episode. None of the 22 true positive sera detected by enzyme-immunosorbent assay bound ¹²⁵-I-insulin to any significant extent. The nine sera yielding the highest signal were further characterized with regard to heavy and light chains as well as species specificity of ligand. Anti-insulin IgG from healthy blood donors contained only one heavy (1 2/9; 3 7/9) and one light ( 8/9; 1/9) chain. Three sera were human insulin specific; two were non-species-specific; the other four bound insulin in the order human = porcine > bovine. These results indicate that low affinity clonally restricted antibodies against insulin are present in unselected blood donors with a prevalence of 1%.