电针肾俞、膈俞、百会穴对拟血管性痴呆学习记忆障碍小鼠水迷宫实验的影响

目的　观察电针肾俞、膈俞、百会穴对拟血管性痴呆小鼠学习记忆障碍的影响。方法　复制脑缺血再灌注拟血管性痴呆小鼠模型 ,并电针肾俞、膈俞、百会穴 ,分别于术后 7天、15天、30天 ,与药物喜德镇对照 ,采用水迷宫法 ,记录游全程时间、错误次数。结果　造模导致了小鼠学习与记忆能力下降 ,表现为游全程时间延长 ,错误次数增加 ,且随着观察时间的延长 ,这种改变逐渐加重。电针和喜德镇均可使模型小鼠的游全程时间缩短 ,错误次数减少 ,但电针组于 7天和 30天时 ,成绩显著优于药物组。结论　电针肾俞、膈俞、百会穴对模型小鼠学习与记忆能力下降有改善和提高作用     

Dilution effects on the quality of untreated wastewater used for irrigation along the USA-Mexico border

The Juarez Valley, located along the USA-Mexico border, currently relies on untreated municipal and industrial wastewater from nearby Ciudad Juarez (est. pop. 1.6 million) which has been diluted with water diverted from the Rio Bravo (Rio Grande), and groundwater from underlying aquifers, to irrigate 18000 hectares of crops. The results indicate that dilution does very little to reduce the risks associated with the use of untreated wastewater for irrigation as faecal coliforms levels remained high (> 10 7 cfu/100 ml). Concentrations of heavy metals were low in the raw wastewater and in the mixed waters. However, the practice of diluting raw wastewater seriously degrades significant volumes of high quality waters from the Rio Bravo and from the underlying aquifer, and thus is not an optimal use of the limited high-quality water available to this semi-arid region.     

Failure to find a relationship between mnestic skills of octogenarians and aluminum in drinking water

Summary High concentrations of aluminum (>80 g/l) in drinking water have been related to an elevated incidence of Alzheimer's disease. Mnestic and naming skills of residents living for >15 years in districts with high (98 g/l) or low (4 g/l) aluminum concentrations [Al] in the drinking water were evaluated in a population survey by examining 800 residents aged 81 to 85 using the mnestic subtest of the Mini Mental Status test (Zurich variant). The mnestic and naming performance of the octogenarians did not differ between the high- and low-content-areas. Since 73% of dementias are at least partly caused by Alzheimer's disease in the area examined and because the short test used discriminates demented from healthy octagenarians as well as tests involving extensive examinations, the findings of this study suggest with a high probability that the [Al] of drinking water is not an essential factor in the pathogenesis of senile dementia. The serum [Al] the urinary [Al] and the urinary [Al]/creatinine ratio were measured twice in ten clinically diagnosed Alzheimer patients and ten controls in both areas. No significant difference was found, which confirms the negative epidemiological findings.Parts of this study were presented at the joint meeting of the Swedish and Swiss Neurological Association in Interlaken, Switzerland, on May 22, 1990     

武当道药治疗风湿性关节炎100例初探

目的 :观察武当道药熏洗液熏蒸冲浪浴治疗风湿性关节炎的临床疗效。方法 :将 2 0 0例风湿性关节炎患者随机分为 3组 ,治疗组用武当道药熏蒸冲浪浴治疗 ,对照 1组用普通水熏蒸冲浪浴治疗 ,对照 2组用武当道药熏洗液浸浴治疗。结果 :总有效率治疗组 91% ,对照组 1组 6 8% ,对照组 2组 78% ,治疗组与对照 1组比较有非常显著性差异 (P<0 .0 1) ,与对照组 2组比较有显著性差异 (P<0 .0 5 ) ,且治疗组的 4项理化检查治疗后转阴率也明显优于两对照组 (P<0 .0 5～ 0 .0 1)。结论 :武当道药熏蒸冲浪浴治疗风湿性关节炎效果明显。     

Membranes for endotoxin removal from dialysate: considerations on feasibility of commercial ceramic membranes

As the quality of water in dialysis fluid varies considerably, dialysate is often contaminated by large amounts of bacteria and endotoxins. Membrane properties and operating pressures are acknowledged to give high-flux dialysis with bicarbonate the bacteriological potential to favor passage of endotoxin fragments from the dialysate into the blood stream. Therefore, a sterile dialysate will have to become a standard. Ultrafiltration across hydrophobic synthetic membranes was shown to remove endotoxins (and their fragments) from dialysis water by the combined effect of filtration and adsorption. However, each module can be used for a limited time only. Ceramic membranes may represent an alternative to polymeric membranes for endotoxin removal. In this article, we tested the capacity of different commercial ceramic membranes with nominal molecular weight cut-off down to 1,000 to retain endotoxins from Ps. aeruginosa. The tested membranes did not generally produce dialysate meeting the Association for the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation standard. When using aluminum-containing membranes, we detected aluminum leaking into the dialysate that could possibly be transported into the blood stream.     

Organ-specific acellular matrix for reconstruction of the urinary tract

In urology, replacement of organs or organ segments has proved problematic. Current techniques do not replicate complete organ function, and they cause well-known complications. With the acellular organ-specific matrix we have found a way to regenerate tissue components seen in the normal lower urinary tract. The time required for regeneration depends on the matrix size and function. The matrix is covered by urothelium migrating from the host, after which neovascularization occurs, followed by formation of smooth-muscle cells and nerves. In our studies, normal muscle lining and nerves providing functional tissue were demonstrable and no sign of antigenicity was evident, even after heterologous grafting. The regenerated rat bladder was evaluated by organ bath as well as by in vivo functional tests and demonstrated properties and functions similar to those of host tissue. Besides our obtaining encouraging results in the rat bladder, we also studied the organ-specific acellular matrix in other species (dog and rabbit) and other organ segments (ureter and urethra).     

药浴剂的研究和应用

药浴剂为综合性新剂型。药浴剂是医务工作者在患者的配合下共同配制的洗浴药水。药浴剂在给药范围上应用广泛；在用药途径上，属于外用药中的一种；在治疗方法上属于透皮疗法；在临床应用上，可以治疗或辅助治疗各学科的多种疾病。药浴剂治疗疾病的机理有二，其一是透过全身汗毛孔进入体内，其二是刺激各个穴位，通行十二经脉，透达全身，激活或调动体内各器官和组织的积极因素，以加强五脏六腑的功能，达到治疗疾病的目的。     

榼藤子水溶性提取物的体外抗肿瘤作用

目的观察榼藤子水溶性提取物对3种不同肿瘤细胞株的抑制作用。方法采用噻唑蓝染色法(MTT法),肿瘤细胞株选用人类慢性髓性白血病细胞株(K562)、人类淋巴瘤细胞株(U937)和人早幼粒白血病细胞株(HL60),检测A值,计算抑瘤率。结果榼藤子水溶性提取物对K562、U937、HL60有较强的抑制作用,且呈一定的浓度依赖性,半数生长抑制剂量(IC50)均<20μg·ml-1。结论榼藤子水溶性提取物体外实验具有显著的抗肿瘤活性。     

水中砷、汞的双道原子荧光测定法

目的 探讨水中砷、汞的双道原子荧光测定法。方法 酸性条件下，砷、汞能同时与新生态氢气生成氢化物，采用氢化物原子荧光光度法进行测定，砷、汞灯电流均为80mA，砷的主一辅电流之比为50：30，采用1％硼氢化钾的0．2％氢氧化钠溶液作为还原剂。结果 砷在0-10μg／L内线性良好，r=0．9999，相对标准偏差为2．0％-5．3％，回收率为84％-113％。汞在0-5μg/L内线性良好，r=0．9993，相对标准偏差为1．9％-5．7％，回收率为84％-107％。结论 该方法灵敏度高，操作简便快捷，结果准确可靠，可同时测定水中砷和汞。     

武汉市桶装饮用水生产企业洁净灌装间的净化效果

目的了解武汉市桶装饮用水生产企业灌装间空气洁净装置的净化效果。方法于2002年按照GB50073—2001《洁净厂房设计规范》、GB／T16294—1996（（医药工业洁净室（区）悬浮粒子的测试方法》、GB／T16249一1996（医药工业洁净室（区）沉降菌的测试方法》，对32家桶装水生产企业的灌装车间空气洁净度进行检测，依据GB17324—1998（瓶装饮用纯净水卫生标准》、GB8537—1995（（饮用天然矿泉水卫生标准》、CJ94-1999（饮用净水水质标准》进行检测。结果32家企业灌装间尘埃数的合格率为78．1％，细菌总数合格率为81．3％。按洁净度分级结果显示，符合10000级标准的灌装车间为25户，占78．1％；符合1000级的有8户，占25％；而生产线局部符合100级的有2户，占6.3％。灌装间温度、照度、噪声的合格率均为84．4％；风速的合格率最高，为87．5％；相对湿度合格率为46．9％；室内外压差合格率为34．4％，实施卫生规范化管理后，桶装饮用水的微生物指标合格率从2001年的61．1％上升为2002年的84．1％。结论桶装饮用水灌装问采用洁净装置可以提高桶装饮用水的微生物学的卫生质量。