T3期胃癌CD34与新生血管形成及淋巴结转移的关系

目的研究T3期胃癌CD34与胃癌新生血管形成及淋巴结转移的关系.方法随机选取胃癌手术标本41例,其中T3N0M020例,T3N1M021例,分别进行特异性抗体免疫组化染色,并采用Image Pro Plus 5.0图像软件分析数据,计算胃癌组织CD34微血管密度(MVD)和其他相关抗体(CD44、Ⅳ型胶原、层黏蛋白)的表达,并进行统计学分析.结果CD34 MVD计数(CD34表达强度),在T3N0M0和T3N1 M0肿瘤组分别为43.10±18.22和56.24±28.36,两组比较有显著差异(P＜0.05);CD44、Ⅳ型胶原、层黏连蛋白的表达强度,T3N0M0和T3N1M0肿瘤组比较无显著差异(P＞0.05).结论CD34与T3期胃癌组织新生血管形成及淋巴结转移的关系密切,可作为诊断T3期胃癌淋巴结转移的参考指标.     

鼻内镜下等离子低温射频治疗常年性变应性鼻炎的临床观察

目的探讨鼻内镜下等离子低温射频治疗常年性变应性鼻炎(PAR)的疗效及其优越性。方法在鼻内镜下用等离子低温射频治疗PAR48例,按照海口会议修订的“过敏性鼻炎诊断和疗效评定标准”,用计分法分别评定其疗效。结果该组48例术后随访半年进行评价,其中显效27.1%(13/48),有效58.3%(28/48),无效14.6%(7/48),总有效率为85.4%。疗效评分显示治疗前平均总分为(9.58±1.69)分,治疗后为(5.63±1.15)分(P<0.05)。结论鼻内镜下等离子低温射频烧灼筛前神经终末区域治疗PAR,具有简便、安全等优点,短期效果显著,特别适用于临床上应用抗组胺类药物及鼻内应用糖皮质激素治疗效果不甚理想及由于各种原因不能长期接受抗组胺类药物及鼻内应用糖皮质激素治疗的患者;但长期疗效有待进一步研究。     

血清纤维结合蛋白的酶免疫检测法

目的建立血清纤维结合蛋白(Fn)含量的酶免疫分析(EIA)检测方法。方法利用现有Fn检测试剂盒建立Fn的EIA测定法,并对所建立的方法从灵敏度、精密度、特异性、重复性等方面进行方法学评价。结果该法灵敏度为11．69ml／L,线性范围为50～300mg／L,批内变异系数为 3．82％,批间变异系数为5．10％,回收率97．7％。肺结核组及正常对照组血清Fn含量分别为 (188．82±5．51)mg／L和(275．25±18．11)mg／L,两组间差异有显著性意义(P<0．01);肺结核稳定期患者血清Fn显著高于进展期及好转期(P<0．05)。结论该方法线性范围适宜,准确度、精密度较好,符合临床检验工作要求。     

应用统计学体模评价CR乳腺摄影影像的探讨

目的应用ALVIM统计学体模TRM,探讨乳腺计算机X线摄影(CR)获得尺寸最小的Al2O3斑点(钙化灶)和尼龙纤维(肿块灶)信号的能力。方法将具有各5种大小不同Al2O3斑点和尼龙纤维组成的ALVIM统计学体模TRM置于成像板(IP)上,用钼靶X线机26kV,调节毫安量,选择适当图像处理参数,获得一张密度值D=0·70±0·05的实验照片,用5值判断法取得每一行由5个信号和噪声所组成的10行信号的记分总值,用ALVIM统计学体模的计算公式计算出一组真阳性概率P(S/s)和假阳性概率P(S/n)值,绘制ROC曲线,并计算出每种信号的判断概率值Pdet,再用SPSS10·0统计学单因素方差分析软件处理数据,获得尺寸最小的钙化灶和软组织肿块灶。结果用概率统计方法获得制作ROC曲线的数据和判断概率平均值Pdet,5种大小不同的Al2O3斑点(钙化灶)中,0·20mm的Pdet=0·6250最小,0·55mm的Pdet=0·9000最大,而0·20mm与0·25mm的Pdet差异无统计学意义,与其他的差异有统计学意义;5种大小不同的尼龙纤维(肿块灶)中,0·45mm的Pdet=0·5313最小,1·00mm的Pdet=0·8813最大,而0·45mm的与0·60mm的差异无统计学意义,0·45mm与其他的差异有统计学意义。结论应用ALVIM统计学体模TRM制作ROC曲线和获得判断概率值Pdet的计算简单、快捷,宜于日常临床工作开展的评价影像质量控制,值得推广。     

阴式全子宫切除术89例

目的探讨非脱垂子宫经阴道切除术价值及安全性。方法对89例子宫良性病变的非脱垂子宫经阴道子宫切除(阴式组)的临床资料进行回顾性分析,并与经腹子宫切除(腹式组)92例进行比较。结果阴式组较腹式组平均出血量少(P<0.05),术后用止痛药例数少(P<0.01),术后排气时间早(P<0.01),住院时间短(P<0.01),而手术时间两组无显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论阴式子宫切除术创伤小,术后恢复快,优于开腹子宫切除术。     

病毒性脑炎患者S-100b蛋白浓度与临床的相关性

目的 观察病毒性脑炎急性和恢复期患者血液和脑脊液的S-100b蛋白浓度变化，探讨其与异常脑电图和影像学低密度灶体积等方面的相关性。方法 42例病毒性脑炎住院患者为观察组，25例与观察组相匹配的阑尾或胆囊摘除手术病人以及健康体检者为对照组，采用双抗体夹心ELISA法，检测其血液及脑脊液100b蛋白浓度；并应用SPSS10．0统计软件包进行统计学分析。结果病毒性脑炎急性期患者血液和脑脊液S-100b蛋白显著高于恢复期患者和对照组（P〈0．01）；血液和脑脊液S-100b蛋白浓度与低密度灶体积均呈显著正相关（rCSF=0．756，P〈0．01；r血液=0．685，P〈0．01）；轻度、中度及重度异常脑电图患者脑脊液S-100b蛋白浓度均高于血液（P〈0．01）；重度、中度异常脑电图患者血液及脑脊液S-100b蛋白浓度均高于轻度（P〈0．01）。结论脑脊液或血液中的S-100b蛋白浓度反映了神经胶质细胞的损害程度，也是脑组织破坏后较合适的生化标记物，对监测病毒性脑炎患者的病情变化和疗效观察具有重要价值。     

Demonstration of Right and Left Atrial Dissociation by Atrial Rapid Pacing or Extrastimulation During Fast-Slow (Uncommon) Form of Atrioventricular Nodal Reentrant Tachycardia

Some recent works suggest that extranodal atrial fibers may form part of the reenlry circuit in the atrioventricular (AV) nodal reentrant tachycardia (AVNRT). This hypothesis is based on the fact that the perinodal dissection successfully abolished AVNRT while preserving intact AV conduction. Apart from the surgical success, the electrophysiological evidence supporting this hypothesis has not been demonstrated, especially in the uncommon (fast-slow) form of AVNRT. We present some electrophysiological evidence suggesting atrial participation in eight patients with the fast-slow form of AVNRT. During the tachycardia, rapid pacing or extrastimulation was done from the orifice of the coronary sinus (CS) and the right atrium (RA), while recording the electrograms of the CS and the low septal RA. In seven patients, right and left atrial dissociation was demonstrated during pacing from the RA, while in the remaining one this was demonstrated from the CS. The interatrial dissociation will be unlikely if the intranodal reentry circuit connects with the atria via a single upper common pathway. This suggests that the upper turnaround of the reentry circuit involves atrial tissue and that the extranodal accessory pathway with long conduction times may form the ascending limb of the circuit (atrionodal reentry). Alternatively, the reentry circuit is entirely intranodal and two or more connecting pathways are present between the atria and the circuit.     

Regulation of fluid intake in dogs following water deprivation

Whereas water loss in land living animals occurs continuously, water intake takes place discontinuously. At the normal operating set point of plasma osmolality, urine is more concentrated than plasma due to secretion of vasopressin. Thus animals operate around a state of mild dehydration. As water loss occurs, the severity of dehydration and thirst increase in intensity and at some point water intake occurs. Sufficient water is consumed to return plasma osmolality to the normal operating set point. Food intake and water balance are interdependent as food provides the osmoles which determine obligatory renal solute excretion. When dry food with the same osmotic content was substituted for canned food (water content 74%), dogs increased water intake from 24.2 +/- 4.3 to 62.2 +/- 8.8 ml/kg. Urine output and urine osmolality were unchanged, as under conditions of normal hydration, near maximal urine concentration is achieved. Changing water intake is the only available variable to maintain water balance. During water deprivation, the major renal mechanism appears to be natriuresis. In rehydration, satiety mechanisms ensure appropriate water intake and renal sodium conservation restores sodium balance.     

雌激素及雄激素对去睾丸大鼠骨质疏松 形成的干预研究

目的　研究雌、雄激素对去睾丸大鼠腰椎、股骨颈、粗隆部、股骨近端的骨密度及股骨颈骨微结构的变化。方法　选用 39只 3～ 4月龄的Wistar雄性大鼠 ,随机分成假去睾丸组 (Sham)、去睾丸组 (Orch)、去睾丸 +雌激素组 (Orch +E2 )和去睾丸 +雄激素组 (Orch +T) ,同条件下饲养 1 8w。处死前用HologicQDR 2 0 0 0 +DEXA测量大鼠腰椎、股骨颈、粗隆部、股骨近端的骨密度。处死前第 1 4 ,1 3d和第 3 ,2d行骨荧光标记 ,大鼠处死时收集血清行T和E2 放免检测 ,同时取左侧股骨近端行塑料包埋的骨组织切片及组织形态计量学分析。结果　Orch组大鼠 1 8w后腰椎、股骨颈、粗隆部、股骨近端的骨密度均下降 ,与Sham组比较差异有显著性 (P <0 0 1 )。Orch +E2 组大鼠的 4个部位骨密度均最高 ,但与Sham组比较无差异 ,Orch组股骨颈的骨小梁面积百分率和骨小梁数目与Sham组比较均减少 (P<0 0 1 ) ,骨小梁分离度增加 (P <0 0 1 ) ;Orch +E2 和Orch +T组大鼠的各静态参数维持在Sham组水平 ;Orch组的骨荧光标记周长百分率、骨形成率BFR/BS、BFR/BV和BFR/TV均增加 (P <0 0 1 ) ,代表骨吸收的骨小梁面积破骨细胞数和骨小梁周长破骨细胞数均增加 (P <0 0 1 ) ;Orch +E2 和Orch +T组大鼠的各动态参数维持在Sham组水平。结论