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71.
苯作业工人白细胞降低者的总估校正现患率   总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7  
选择乡镇工业苯作业工人4次外周血白细胞计数中的间隔半年的两次数据,应用俘获再俘获法,计算其白细胞降低者的总估校正现患率(ACPR)。结果苯接触组为36.8l%(29.14%~44.48%),对照组为12.71%(7.20%~18.22%)具有显著差异,其相对危险度为2,9。用常规法求得的4次检出率分别是:苯接触组为26.37%,18.73%,27.93%,36.76%;对照组为6。85%,7.38%,7.94%,15.00%。均在其ACPR之95%可信限内,可见ACPR计算方法简便、结果准确,值得推广。对于稳定的人群,可用其每年一次的健康监护资料计算ACPR。  相似文献   
72.
The prenatal development of the mammalian neocortex has been analyzed, with the rapid Golgi method, in a variety of experimental animals (hamster, mouse, rat, and cat) and in humans. A new developmental conception of the structural organization of the mammalian neocortex is discussed. Neocortical development begins with the establishment of the primordial plexiform layer (PPL) which precedes and is a prerequisite for the subsequent formation of the cortical plate (CP). The formation of the CP occurs, in its entirety, within the PPL. During its development, three fundamental neuronal events occur: migration, early differentiation, and late maturation. All migrating neurons, travelling on radial glial fibers, reach layer I, develop an apical dendrite, and establish contacts with its elements. These newly differentiated neurons assume similar morphology resembling embryonic pyramidal cells. As such, an early differentiation stage common to all neurons of the CP is established. During the late maturation stage, all CP neurons acquire their specific phenotypic structural and functional features. Only pyramidal neurons retain and expand their original connections with layer I while other neuronal types lose these connections. The pyramidal cell is redefined in developmental terms: the neocortex's pyramidal cell is both structurally and functionally locked into position between layer I and the cortical depth of its soma. During mammalian evolution pyramidal cells are forced to structurally and functionally elongate their apical dendrite outwardly to accommodate an increasing amount of information without losing either their original anchorage to layer I or their cortical depth. This unique property of pyramidal neurons is considered to be a mammalian innovation. Based on these observations, a unifying developmental cytoarchitectonic theory applicable to all mammals is proposed. The theory considers the CP to be a mammalian innovation and to represent a single, stratified, and expanding telencephalic nucleus. The theory envisions the mammalian neocortex as an open biological system capable of progressive expansion by the recruitment and transformation of primitive neurons from upper layer II into pyramidal cells. Hence, the number of pyramidal cell strata increases over the course of mammalian phylogeny. The developmental roles of layer I in the migration of neurons, formation of the CP, unique morphology of pyramidal cells, and overall structural organization of the mammalian neocortex are emphasized.  相似文献   
73.
作者利用交流电弧和光栅摄谱仪组装了能够绘制谱线轮廓曲线和准确测定谱线宽度的记录仪,用线宽增量法对生物材料(拟血清)中的主要成分Ca和微量元素Cu进行了测定。与黑度法相比,本实验结果的线性好,误差小,再现性有所提高。这些结果表明,用上述仪器装置和线宽增量法进行生物材料含量分析优于黑度法。  相似文献   
74.
The neuropeptide galanin (GAL) influences leaming and memory processes, perhaps by inhibiting cholinergic function. We recently reported that, in the rat, the nucleus of the horizontal limb of the diagonal band (HDB) exhibits the highest level of GAL mRNA coexpression by basal forebrain (BF) cholinergic neurons and, in the HDB, virtually all GAL mRNA-expressing neurons correspond to the cholinergic cell type. Since GAL gene expression is induced across puberty in many brain regions, we used in situ hybridization histochemistry and quantitative autoradiography to assess GAL gene expression across the rostro-caudal extent of the HDB in prepubertal and adult male rats and to determine whether GAL gene expression is also regulated during maturation in this BF region. Our results show that the number of GAL mRNA-expressing cells per section is significantly reduced in the HDB with adulthood. Post-hoc analysis indicated that these age-associated differences in the number of GAL mRNA-expressing cells per section could be ascribed to the rostral and central subregions of the HDB. Age-related differences in the labeling intensity of GAL mRNA-expressing neurons were also detected in the rostral and central subregions of the HDB. No age-associated differences in GAL gene expression were found in the caudal HDB subregion. These results suggest that: (1) in contrast to other brain regions, GAL gene expression in the cholinergic BF may be negatively regulated by factors concomitant with puberty; and (2) the inhibition of cholinergic function by cosecreted GAL may be enhanced prior to puberty within cholinergic neurons of the rostral and central aspects of the HDB.  相似文献   
75.
When the distance between linked loci is expressed in terms of the correlation between the identity-by-descent (idb) values of the loci, then a path model may be used to order loci with data on sib-pairs and their parents. The relationship between the recombination fraction and the correlation coefficient is developed and a method for fitting a covariance matrix predicted by a specific ordering of loci to an observed covariance matrix is proposed. © 1993 Wiley-Liss. Inc.  相似文献   
76.
膝前框形钢丝内固定治疗髌骨骨折   总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1  
目的 总结采用钢丝环扎 +膝前方框形张力带钢丝内固定法治疗髌骨骨折的经验和临床效果。方法 对 3 5例髌骨骨折应用此方法治疗 ,其中男性 2 4例 ,女性 11例 ,3 0例获得 3~ 2 4个月随访。结果 优 19例 ,良 10例 ,可1例 ,优良率 96 7%。术后未出现骨折再移位 ,无伤口感染。愈合时间 6~ 12周。结论 该方法符合生物力学原理 ,操作简便 ,适应证广 ,能早期关节活动 ,是治疗髌骨骨折的理想方法之一。  相似文献   
77.
Abstract –  Though the use of mouthguards (MGs) has increased with the increase in sporting activities, little is known about the influence of their fabrication methods on longitudinal dimensional stability. The objective of this study was to compare the difference in the longitudinal dimensional stability between single and laminated MGs. Single-layer MGs were made from a 4.0 mm thick ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) sheet and laminated MGs were made from two 2.0 mm thick sheets of EVA. MGs were kept in a 37°C water bath for 60 h, equivalent to the time period of 3-months inter-oral use. MG deformation was analyzed by measuring designated points on the MG border using a profile projector (J-12, Nikon Inc., Tokyo, Japan) before and after the water immersion. A finite-element model was also created to examine the time course of stress accumulation during the sheet forming process using Finite Element software. Longitudinal deformation was smaller in the laminated MGs than in the single-layer MGs in the anterior area ( P  < 0.05). Finite element method (FEM) analysis also showed the largest stress accumulation in the anterior incisal area where deformations were mainly observed. Laminated double layer MGs have advantages over single-layer MGs in terms of longitudinal stability due to lower stress accumulation during the fabrication process.  相似文献   
78.
目的:探讨膀胱肿瘤及癌旁组织端粒酶活性表达及临床意义。方法:以改良TRAP法测定91例膀胱癌组织标本端粒酶活性表达。结果:83例膀胱移行细胞癌组织中78例检出端粒酶活性。阳性率为94%,其对应的癌旁组织也有14%的检出率,8例膀胱乳头状瘤组织中4例检出端粒酶活性,阳性率为50%,其对应的癌旁组织检出率为12%,端粒酶活性在不同临床病理类型的膀胱肿瘤及癌旁组织中表达无显差异(P>0.05),结论:应用非放射性的银染方法对端粒酶的活性进行检测,图像清晰,简便,安全,易于临床推广。  相似文献   
79.
胆石症是一种常见病,鹅去氧胆酸(CDCA)可用于胆固醇胆石症的治疗。它能改变胆汁组成,降低胆汁内胆固醇饱和度,增加胆固醇溶解性,使胆石逐渐溶解。但CDCA易被肠道内细菌7-脱羟酶作用生成石胆酸(LC),引起腹泄、腹部痉挛、高转  相似文献   
80.
医疗设备投资决策的敏感性分析研究   总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1  
不恰当的医疗设备投资对医院及患者的利益均会造成损失,因此,在投资决策前进行严谨科学地可行性评估十分必要。通过对净现值的敏感性分析,医院的决策者可以了解各种不确定因素对投资方案经济效果的影响程度,以及投资方案对外部条件变化的承受能力,从而掌握风险条件下正确的决策原则和决策方法。  相似文献   
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