Parenchymal calcification is associated with the neurological prognosis in patients with congenital rubella syndrome

Congenital rubella syndrome (CRS) results from maternal rubella virus infection in early pregnancy. Abnormal neuroimaging findings have been analyzed in a small number of CRS patients in the past; however, their clinical significance has been poorly addressed. Therefore, we have investigated the neuroimaging findings of 31 patients with CRS from previous studies. The most common finding was parenchymal calcification, which was observed in 18 of 31 patients (58.1%). A multivariable logistic regression model showed that it was associated with psychomotor or mental retardation (p = 0.018), suggesting that parenchymal calcification in CRS could be a prognostic factor.     

Clinical analysis of peritoneal dialysis in the treatment of rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis

Objective To observe the clinical characteristics and prognosis of patients with rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis (RPGN) caused by lupus nephritis, antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA)-associated vasculitis, or primary glomerulonephritis who were treated with peritoneal dialysis (PD) and then withdrew PD because of renal recovery. Methods Data of the above patients were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were diagnosed as RPGN and received PD therapy in Kidney Disease Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University from February 2009 to August 2018. The patients were divided into early withdrawal group (PD time≤183 days, n=24) and late withdrawal group (PD time＞183 day, n=24). The differences of clinical characteristics between the two groups were compared. The cumulative incidence of adverse events in both groups was analyzed using Kaplan-Meier curves. Cox proportional hazards model was used to analyze the risk factors influencing the prognosis of patients. Results Forty-eight RPGN patients were included. The median time of maintaining PD was 178(76, 378) days. Compared with the late withdrawal group, the patients in early withdrawal group had lower levels of urine volume, serum albumin and parathyroid hormone, and lower rates of gross hematuria and hypertension at the beginning of PD, and received higher rates of methylprednisolone impulse, combined immunosuppressive agents, and hemodialysis or continuous renal replacement therapy (all P＜0.05). At the time of PD withdrawal, the levels of serum creatinine, serum calcium, serum albumin and parathyroid hormone in the early withdrawal group were significantly lower than those in the late withdrawal group (all P＜0.05). The Kaplan-Meier curves showed that there was no significant difference in the cumulative survival of patients in both groups (log-rank test χ2=3.485, P=0.062). Cox regression analysis revealed serum creatinine≥209 μmol/L at the time of PD withdrawal was an independent risk factor for poor prognosis (HR=5.253，95%CI 1.757-15.702, P=0.003). Conclusions PD can be used for RPGN patients caused by lupus nephritis, ANCA-associated vasculitis and primary nephritis. Serum creatinine≥209 μmol/L at the time of PD withdrawal is an independent risk factor for poor prognosis.     

垂黄清脉冲剂干预治疗冠心病稳定型心绞痛热毒痰瘀证患者NF-κB信号通路的研究

目的 探讨垂黄清脉冲剂对冠心病稳定型心绞痛（热毒痰瘀证）患者NF-κB信号通路的调控。方法 本试验研究方法采用单盲、随机、对照法，选取就诊于宁夏医科大学总医院临床诊断为冠心病稳定型心绞痛（热毒痰瘀证）患者94例，将其随机分入对照组48例和试验组46例。两组均给予内科常规西药治疗，对照组加服银丹心脑通软胶囊，试验组加服垂黄清脉冲剂，疗程为3个月。于治疗前、后记录患者的基本情况，并采集血清样本，用酶联免疫吸附测定法（Elisa法）检测血清中TNF-α、NF-κB、IL-6、ICAM-1、VCAM-1、ET-1、NO浓度水平进行对比，用SPSS22.0将数据进行统计学分析。结果 与治疗前比较，两组治疗后Gensini积分、血清中TNF-α、NF-κB、IL-6、ICAM-1、VCAM-1、ET-1浓度水平均较治疗前显著降低，NO浓度水平显著升高（P < 0.05，P < 0.01），其中试验组显著程度尤为明显（P < 0.01）。与治疗后对照组比较，试验组Gensini积分、血清中TNF-α、NF-κB、IL-6、ICAM-1、VCAM-1、ET-1浓度水平降低，NO浓度水平升高趋势更明显（P < 0.01）。结论 垂黄清脉冲剂治疗冠心病稳定型心绞痛（热毒痰瘀证）在改善患者症状；改善冠状动脉管腔狭窄程度；通过降低炎症标志物TNF-α、NF-κB、IL-6、ICAM-1、VCAM-1的水平，减小ET-1/NO比值，从而对NF-κB信号通路进行部分调控，以有效抑制或截断血管内皮的炎症级联反应过程，清除炎症损伤因素以及保护血管内皮功能等方面均有显著优势，临床疗效确切值得肯定和推广应用。     

“调任通督”法针刺治疗围绝经期潮热的随机对照研究＊

目的 观察“调任通督法”针刺治疗围绝经期潮热的临床疗效和安全性。方法 将符合纳入标准的72例围绝经期潮热患者，按照1∶1的比例随机分为治疗组（针刺组）和对照组（等待组）。治疗组取穴百会、印堂、神庭、关元、气海、中脘、阴郄、太溪、复溜、三阴交。针刺治疗每次持续30 min，每周2次，连续治疗6周。对照组为等待组，试验期间仅给予同针刺组相同的健康宣教，两组分别于治疗前、治疗第3周、治疗第6周以及第10周随访评估其潮热频率和程度，以及更年期生活质量量表（Menopause-specific quality of life questionnaire，Men-QoL）的变化情况，同时记录针刺不良事件的发生。结果 ①潮热频率及潮热程度：在治疗后及随访时，针刺组较等待组有明显改善，差异具有统计学意义（P < 0.01）。与治疗前相比，针刺组第3周即出现了潮热频率明显下降的趋势（P < 0.01），治疗后以及随访期针刺组潮热频率及潮热程度均较治疗前有明显统计学差异（P < 0.01）。而等待组在各时间点潮热频率及潮热程度均无统计学差异（均P > 0.05）。②围绝经期生活质量量表：治疗后针刺组在Men-QoL总分、血管舒缩功能评分、社会心理、体能状况较等待组比较均有统计学差异（均P < 0.01）。在随访期，针刺组在Men-QoL社会心理以及体能方面明显改善，差异均具有统计学意义（P < 0.01，P < 0.05）。两组Men-QoL性功能在治疗后及随访期均无统计学差异（P > 0.05）。与治疗前相比，在治疗后及随访期，针刺组Men-QoL总分、血管舒缩功能、社会心理、体能状况均有统计学差异（均P < 0.05），在Men-QoL性功能方面无统计学差异（P > 0.05）。等待组在Men-QoL总分及四个域方面均无明显改善，无统计学意义（均P > 0.05）。结论 调任通督法针刺治疗围绝经期潮热安全有效，且对围绝经期生活质量有所改善。     

完全型雄激素不敏感综合征2例临床特点及处理

雄激素不敏感综合征(androgen insensitivity syndrome,AIS)又称为睾丸女性化综合征(testicular feminization syndrome,TFS),是一种X连锁遗传病,是男性假两性畸形中较常见的类型,可分为完全型AIS和不完全型AIS,其原因主要是雄激素受体(androgen receptor,AR)基因的突变导致其对雄激素产生抵抗和不应答。本文回顾南京医科大学附属妇产医院2例CAIS患者的临床资料及诊疗过程,以期能进一步提高对该病的认知及诊治水平。