三磷酸腺苷结合盒运转体A1与颈动脉粥样硬化斑块的关系

目的 探讨三磷酸腺苷结合盒运转体A1(ATP binding cassette transporter A1,ABCA1)在人颈动脉粥样硬化斑块中的表达变化及作用机制.方法 收集24例人颈动脉粥样硬化斑块标本和10例肠系膜动脉标本(对照组),采用RT-PCR测定ABCA1 mRNA和视黄酸X受体α(RXRα)mRNA表达水平,并采用Western Blot检测ABCA1及RXRα的蛋白表达水平.24例人颈动脉粥样硬化斑块标本按病理分级,比较病理组织为Ⅲ级和Ⅰ级动脉粥样硬化组织间ABCA1 mRNA、RXRαmRNA表达水平及蛋白表达水平.结果 颈动脉粥样硬化斑块组的ABCA1 mRNA(0.79±0.04)和RXRα mRNA(0.73±0.04)表达与对照组相比上调,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);ABCA1 mRNA与RXRα mRNA增加水平相关(P＜0.05);颈动脉粥样硬化斑块的ABCA1蛋白表达(0.22±0.03)下调水平与对照组(0.53±0.03)相比差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);Ⅲ级和Ⅰ级动脉硬化斑块ABCA1mRNA、RXRα mRNA及蛋白表达水平差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 ABCA1及RXRα蛋白表达水平下调可能是进展性动脉粥样硬化损害的关键因素.     

高钙预处理对未成熟心肌的保护作用机制

目的 探讨高钙预处理对未成熟心肌保护作用及其可能的机制。方法 采用Langendorff离体心脏灌注模型，24只新生日本长耳大白兔分为对照组（I／R），高钙预处理（HCP）组，多黏菌素B（PMB）组和5-hydroxydecanoate（5-HD）组4组，分别行不同的处理方法。以血流动力学指标、生化指标和心肌超微结构作为观察指标。结果 HCP组心功能恢复优于I／R、PMB和5-HD组（P〈0．05），心肌生化指标优于I／R、PMB和5-HD组（P〈0．01），心肌超微结构损伤较I／R、PMB和5-HD组明显减轻，各指标I／R、PMB和5-HD组间差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论 高Ca^2＋预处理对未成熟心肌具有明显的保护作用，其机制是可能是通过蛋白激酶C激活和线粒体ATP敏感性钾通道开放起作用。     

磺柳酸法在Array360全自动特定蛋白分析仪尿液测定中的应用

目的探讨磺柳酸法在Array360全自动特定蛋白分析仪尿液测定中的应用价值。方法用磺柳酸法对离心后的尿液样本中的蛋白质进行半定量测定,并用Array360全自动特定蛋白分析仪测定α1微球蛋白α1-MG、白蛋白(ALB)、转铁蛋白(TRF)、免疫球蛋白G(IgG)在各个稀释度的测定范围,结合尿液蛋白质半定量结果和各个项目在不同稀释度的测定范围设定初始的标本稀释度。结果蛋白质半定量结果不同的尿液标本用Ar-ray360进行测定时,各个项目有其合适的初始标本稀释度。结论磺柳酸法在Array360全自动特定蛋白分析仪尿液的测定中有重要的应用价值,可大幅度节约试剂成本,缩短测定时间。     

甘草酸及肾十方治疗慢性马兜铃酸肾病26例疗效观察

目的观察甘草酸及复方中药肾十方对慢性马兜铃酸肾病的疗效。方法26例符合慢性马兜铃酸肾病的患者，给予甘草酸二铵150mg加中药复方汤剂肾十方治疗3个疗程。观察治疗前后尿素氮（BUN）、血肌酐（SCr）、尿酶及24h尿蛋白排泄量，血红蛋白、红细胞压积。结果治疗后患者临床症状有显著改善，总有效率80.76％；BUN、SCr、尿N-乙酰葡萄胺酶（NAG）、β2-微球蛋白（β2-MG）均显著下降（P〈0．05），血红蛋白、红细胞压积较治疗前升高（P〈0．05）。结论甘草酸及复方中药肾十方对慢性马兜铃酸肾病有确切的疗效。     

Spinocerebellar ataxia types 2 and 3 segregating simultaneously in a single family.

Spinocerebellar ataxia (SCA) types 2 and 3 are autosomal-dominant neurodegenerative disorders caused by mutations in two different genes. We identified mutations for SCA2 and SCA3 segregating simultaneously in a single Brazilian family. The index patient had SCA2, whereas her two second-degree cousins had SCA3. Disease was more rapidly progressive in the SCA2 patient, who presented severe brainstem and pancerebellar atrophy, as opposed to the two SCA3 patients, who had only mild cerebellar vermian atrophy. In such situations, molecular confirmation of all patients may avoid misdiagnosis of SCA subtypes and eventual errors in predictive testing of unaffected family members.     

Poly-lactic acid and agarose gelatin play an active role in the recovery of spinal cord injury

Objective To investigate the role of poly-lactic acid and agarose gelatin in promoting the functional recovery of the injured spinal cord. Methods Poly-lactic acid ( PLA) or agarose was embedded in the space between two stumps of the hemisectioned spinal cord. Immunohistochemistry was used to show astroglia proliferation and the infiltration of RhoA-positive cells. Locomotor activity recovery was evaluated by testing the function of hindlimbs. Results Astrogli-as and RhoA labeled non-neuronal cells accumulated in the area adjacent to the implant, while the number of RhoA-positive cells was decreased dramatically in the absence of implant. Animals implanted with agarose gelatin recovered more quickly than those with PLA, concomitant with a higher survival rate of the neurons. Conclusion Both PLA and agarose gelatin benefited the recovery of spinal cord after injury by providing a scaffold for astroglia processes. Modulation of the rigidity, pore size and inner structure of PLA and agarose gelatin might make these biodegradable materials more effective in the regeneration of the central nervous system (CNS).     

Blunted renal dopaminergic system activity in puromycin aminonucleoside-induced nephrotic syndrome.

BACKGROUND: A primary tubular sodium handling abnormality has been implicated in the edema formation of nephrotic syndrome. Dopamine synthesized by renal proximal tubules behaves as an endogenous natriuretic hormone by activating D(1)-like receptors as a paracrine/autocrine substance. METHODS: We examined the time courses of the urinary excretion of sodium, protein and dopamine in puromycin aminonucleoside (PAN)-treated and control rats. The rats were sacrificed during greatest sodium retention (day 7) as well as during negative sodium balance (day 14) for the evaluation of renal aromatic l-amino acid decarboxylase (AADC) activity, the enzyme responsible for the synthesis of renal dopamine. Also, the influence of volume expansion (VE) and the effects of the D(1)-like agonist fenoldopam (10 microg/kg bw/min) on natriuresis and on proximal tubular Na(+),K(+)-ATPase activity were examined on day 7. RESULTS: The daily urinary excretion of dopamine was decreased in PAN-treated rats, from day 5 and beyond. This was accompanied by a marked decrease in the renal AADC activity, on days 7 and 14. During VE, the fenoldopam-induced decrease in proximal tubular Na(+),K(+)-ATPase activity was more pronounced in PAN-treated rats than in controls. However, the urinary sodium excretion during fenoldopam infusion was markedly increased in control rats but was not altered in PAN-treated animals. CONCLUSION: PAN nephrosis is associated with a blunted renal dopaminergic system activity which may contribute to enhance the proximal tubular Na(+),K(+)-ATPase activity. However, the lack of renal dopamine appears not to be related with the overall renal sodium retention in a state of proteinuria.     

Digestive properties of the venom of the Australian Coastal Taipan, Oxyuranus scutellatus (Peters, 1867).

The digestive properties of Australian elapid snake venoms have not been studied to any great extent. To address this, the in vitro digestive properties of Oxyuranus scutellatus (Australian Coastal Taipan) venom were investigated in a simulation of the in vivo conditions using the parameters reported for the stomach of snakes and representative prey for this species. The amount of soluble protein released was measured over time using a bicinchoninic acid (BCA) assay. Dismembered mouse hindlegs were injected intramuscularly with 0.1 ml O. scutellatus venom (concentration 10 mg/ml) and maintained in a micro-anaerobic, acidic environment (pH approximately 1.2-1.7) at 25 degrees C. The bathing liquid was sampled every 24 h for 7 days, and assayed for soluble protein. Statistical analysis revealed that O. scutellatus venom increased the rate at which proteins were released when compared to a negative control suggesting the potential importance of envenomation in the digestion of whole prey.     

非胰岛素依赖型糖尿病患者血清唾液酸的改变

测定20例NIDDM伴有心脑血管病变的患者、20例单纯NIDDM患者的血清唾液酸（SA）水平，并与20例正常人进行比较。结果发现所有NIDDM患者的血清SA水平均显著增高（P＜0．01），其中伴有心脑血管疾病患者的血清SA水平显著高于单纯NIDDM患者（P＜0．05），同时血清SA水平与血清胰岛素及C肽水平、收好压之间存在相关。提示血清SA水平与NIDDM患者的心脑血管疾病关系密切，可能是心脑血管并发症发生的一个危险因素。     

过氧钒烟酸对糖尿病鼠苯丙氨酸羟化酶活性的影响

目的　探讨过氧钒烟酸（ Ｐ Ｏ Ｖ） 的降血糖作用的分子生物学机制。方法　选用 Ｓ Ｄ 大鼠用链脲佐菌素诱导产生糖尿病鼠动物模型，观察用 Ｐ Ｏ Ｖ 和美迪康（ Ｍｅｔ） 治疗后各组大鼠血、尿糖水平及血肝细胞质中苯丙氨酸羟化酶（ Ｐ Ａ Ｈ） 活性改变情况，并进行比较。结果　糖尿病鼠 Ｐ Ａ Ｈ 活性明显增高，用 Ｐ Ｏ Ｖ治疗４ 周后活性受到抑制，血糖水平明显下降，临床症状得以改善。结论　 Ｐ Ｏ Ｖ 的降糖作用优于美迪康，且未见明显毒副作用。