Propolis allergy

87% of the propolis product "LB-1", originally reported to be 1,1-dimethyl-allyl caffeic acid ester, was shown by GC/MS analysis to consist of 3 isomeric pentenyl caffeates, 63% of which are 1,1-dimethylallyl caffeate. These pentenyl caffeates proved to be the major sensitizers of propolis and of poplar bud secretion in our previous study. In addition, 3 further minor allergens have now been investigated. Experimental sensitization indicates that phenylethyl caffeate is as strong a sensitizer as the major allergen "LB-1", while benzyl salicylate is a moderate sensitizer. Benzyl cinnamate plays only a subordinate role. At least 3 further esters of caffeic acid or cinnamic acid remain to be studied. Interestingly, relationships between propolis and balsam of Peru were found. 8 compounds are common to both materials. Thus "cross-reactions" or concomitant reactions in propolis-sensitive individuals to balsam of Peru are explainable.     

纳米硒对断奶仔猪肝脏谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶和脱碘酶I活性的影响

研究了纳米硒和亚硒酸钠对断奶仔猪肝脏谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶和脱碘酶活性的影响。将纳米硒和亚硒酸钠2种硒源分别以0.1、0.2、0.3、0.4、0.5、1.0 mg/kg 6个硒水平添加到基础日粮中,配制成12种试验日粮,基础日粮作对照,饲养“杜长大”断奶仔猪(8.3 kg左右)。结果表明:以亚硒酸钠形式添加的硒浓度为1.0 mg/kg时,仔猪生长性能和GSH-Px活性显著低于0.2~0.4 mg/kg硒添加水平(P<0.05),纳米硒添加浓度为1.0 mg/kg,仔猪生长性能和GSH-Px活性仍然保持在高峰平台;硒源添加浓度为0.10~0.40 mg/kg时,两种硒源对GSH-Px活性的影响无显著差异(P>0.05);在0.50和1.0 mg/kg硒添加水平上,纳米硒组GSH-Px活性显著高于亚硒酸钠组(P<0.05)。基础日粮组肝脏脱碘酶活性显著低于各硒源的添加水平(P<0.05),硒源和硒添加水平对脱碘酶活性没有显著影响(P>0.05)。上述结果提示:纳米硒的Weinberg剂量-效应的最适剂量范围宽于亚硒酸钠。     

卡介苗对豚鼠实验性哮喘的预防性治疗作用

目的:观察卡介苗(BCG)对哮喘豚鼠的预防治疗作用。方法:采用31只豚鼠,分为3组进行处理,分别为对照组、卵蛋白(OVA)致敏组和BCG处理组。用OVA(Ⅲ级)致敏豚鼠复制豚鼠哮喘模型。结果:本模型采用10%的OVA致敏,1%的OVA激发,所有动物都表现有不同程度的过敏反应症状。实验动物在接受BCG注射后,表现为以下特点:一是外周血淋巴细胞和单核细胞增加;二是BALF中细胞分类的变化,支气管肺泡灌洗液(BALF)中以淋巴细胞的增加最为明显。 经过OVA致敏的动物BALF和肺组织中嗜酸性粒细胞(EOS)明显增加,BCG不同程度地降低肺组织EOS的气道浸润及减轻OVA致敏豚鼠的气道反应。结论:[HTSS]使用本实验体系BCG可以减轻实验性哮喘的气道炎症反应。     

Effects of aerosol administration of a thromboxane receptor antagonist (S-1452) on experimental asthma in guinea pigs

The importance of thromboxane A₂(TXA₂), one of the arachidonate metabolites, in the pathogenesis of bronchial asthma has been emphasized recently. Because aerosolized administration of antiasthmatic drugs is effective and safe, this study examined the effect of aerosolized TXA-₂ receptor antagonist (S-1542) on allergic bronchoconstriction in passively sensitized and mechanically ventilated guinea pigs. Under the cover of antihistamine, antigen-induced bronchoconstriction was markedly inhibited by pretreatment with aerosolized S-1452 inhalation in a dose-dependent manner. Although aerosolized S-1452 itself provoked weak bronchoconstriction for its partial agonist effect, bronchial responsiveness to inhaled histamine did not change 10 min after S-1452 inhalation. These results indicate that aerosolized S-1452 may be useful in treating bronchial asthma.     

Further evidence for linkage of Gilles de la Tourette syndrome (GTS) susceptibility loci on chromosomes 2p11, 8q22 and 11q23‐24 in South African Afrikaners

Utilizing DNA samples from 91 Afrikaner nuclear families with one or more affected children, five genomic regions on chromosomes 2p, 8q, 11q, 20q, and 21q that gave evidence for association with GTS in previous case‐control association studies were investigated for linkage and association with GTS. Highly polymorphic markers with mean heterozygosity of 0.77 were typed and resulting genotypes evaluated using single marker transmission disequilibrium (TDT), single marker haplotype relative risk (HRR), and multi‐marker “extended” TDT and HRR methods. Single marker TDT analysis showed evidence for linkage or association, with p‐values near 0.05, for markers D2S139, GATA28F12, and D11S1377 on chromosomes 2p11, 8q22 and 11q23‐24, respectively. Extended, two‐locus TDT and HRR analysis provided further evidence for linkage or association on chromosome 2 with p‐values of 0.007 and 0.025, and chromosome 8 with p‐values of 0.059 and 0.013, respectively. These results provide important additional evidence for the location of GTS susceptibility loci. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.     

豚鼠肠粘膜下神经丛淋巴管旁神经元的烯醇化酶免疫组织化学观察

作者曾报道豚鼠肠粘膜下神经丛内,可能有一种特殊类型的淋巴管旁神经元。为了对上述的研究提供进一步的证据,本文应用显示神经元特异性烯醇化酶(NSE)的免疫组织化学方法,对这种类型的神经元进行了观察。胃肠神经丛内所有的神经元都呈NSE阳性反应,小肠和结肠粘膜下丛内的淋巴管旁神经元,也显同样的阳性反应。平滑肌和结缔组织细胞均为阴性。大多数淋巴管旁神经元具有典型的神经元形态特征;有些细胞虽不具有明显的神经元形态特点,但它们都显相同的NSE阳性反应。本文为我们前文报道的淋巴管旁神经元提供了更可信的证据。     

IHA和Slide诊断旋毛虫病的研究

目的 :检测感染旋毛虫病豚鼠血清 ,寻求新的诊断旋毛虫病的方法。方法 :采用间接红细胞凝集试验(IHA)和玻片法环蚴沉淀试验 (Slide)。结果 :阳性率分别为 10 0 %和 97.1%。用此两种血清学方法检测正常豚鼠、血吸虫病兔、肺吸虫病大白鼠、蛔虫病人和鞭虫病人血清 ,除 1例肺吸虫病大白鼠血清IHA出现阳性反应外 ,其它血清两种方法均为阴性反应。结论 :提示两种免疫血清学方法对旋毛虫病特异性抗体的检测均具有较好的敏感性和特异性     

猪心肌梗死多普勒组织成像与组织化学变化

目的：运用多普勒组织成像（DTI）和组织化学染色对急性心肌梗死（AMI）动态变化进行检测。方法：10头开胸猪结扎左冠状动脉前降支（LAD）,复制急性心肌梗死模型。于结扎后2、20、90、180min,用DTI技术测定前间壁收缩期运动速度（Vs)、舒张早、晚期运动速度（VE、VA）;从前间壁取材5块,常规石蜡包埋、切片、HE及组织化学染色、对病变进行分析。结果：LAD结扎前,DTI－二维显示收缩期、舒张期室壁运动协调,彩色充盈。结扎后,前间壁室壁变薄,色彩暗淡,着色异常,甚或缺失。DTI－频谱检测结扎2、20min,Vs,VE明显降低（P＜0．05）,至90、180min时运动速度降低更加显著（P＜0．01）,而VA无显著差异（P＞0．05）。病理显示心肌细胞、血管内皮及平滑肌细胞有不同程度的坏死,并伴有血栓形成、心内膜及心外膜炎。结论：DTI与组织化学对照分析,能准确反映缺血、梗死区域心肌不同时间变化规律。精确测定心肌运动速度。     

杏贝止咳颗粒对豚鼠感染后咳嗽的治疗作用

目的 探讨杏贝止咳颗粒对豚鼠感染后咳嗽（post-infectious cough,PIC）的治疗作用。方法 除对照组外,将3～4周龄SPF级雄性Hartley豚鼠采用鼻滴脂多糖、烟熏、辣椒素雾化激发来构建PIC豚鼠模型。造模成功后分为模型组及杏贝止咳颗粒低、中、高剂量（0.93、1.86、3.72 g/kg）组、阿斯美（21.62 mg/kg）组和苏黄止咳胶囊（313.88 mg/kg）组,末次给药后24 h,通过辣椒素雾化诱咳测定咳嗽次数及潜伏期,采用ELISA法检测血清、肺泡灌洗液和肺组织中P物质（substance P,SP）、降钙素相关基因肽（calcitonin gene related peptide,CGRP）、神经肽A(neurokinin A,NKA)、神经肽B(neurokinin B,NKB)、神经生长因子（nerve growth factor,NGF）、前列腺素E2(prostaglandin E2,PGE2)和缓激肽（bradykinin,BK）含量,血液分析仪测定肺泡灌洗液中白细胞分类,并用苏木素-伊红（HE）染色法观察肺组织病理变化。结果 与对照组比较...