腔隙性脑梗死患者血清Chemerin Vaspin和Apelin水平的变化及意义

目的探讨腔隙性脑梗死患者血清趋化素(Chemerin)、丝氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂(Vaspin)及脂肪素(Apelin)水平及意义。方法选取2018-01—2019-03在河南科技大学第一附属医院治疗的腔隙性脑梗死患者120例(观察组),其中轻度32例,中度61例,重度27例,同时选取健康志愿者100例为对照组,检测2组血清Chemerin、Vaspin和Apelin,观察组给予常规治疗。结果观察组血清Chemerin和Apelin分别为(60.03±10.02)mg/L和(180.02±41.12)μg/L,明显高于对照组(P<0.05),而Vaspin为(6.72±1.01)μg/L,明显低于对照组(P<0.05);观察组重度患者血清Chemerin和Apelin分别为(72.44±13.30)mg/L和(209.34±50.28)μg/L,明显高于轻度和中度患者(P<0.05),而Vaspin为(4.23±0.92)μg/L,明显低于轻度和中度患者(P<0.05);中度患者血清Chemerin和Apelin分别为(62.22±12.28)mg/L和(180.02±41.18)μg/L,明显高于轻度患者(P<0.05),而Vaspin为(6.72±1.09)μg/L,明显低于轻度患者(P<0.05);Chemerin和Apelin与DNS评分呈正相关(r=0.332、0.319,P<0.05),而Vaspin与DNS评分呈负相关(r=-0.422,P<0.05);观察组治疗后血清Chemerin和Apelin较治疗前降低(P<0.05),而Vaspin较治疗前升高(P<0.05)。结论腔隙性脑梗死患者血清Chemerin和Apelin明显升高,而Vaspin明显降低,与神经功能缺损程度有一定关系。     

Design and preliminary results of FRENSHOCK 2016: A prospective nationwide multicentre registry on cardiogenic shock

Central illustration: geographic distribution of the 49 centres participating in the FRENSHOCK registry (35 academic hospitals, 10 general hospitals and four private clinics). Inclusion per centre varied from 1 to 72 patients.

     

芪蛭活血通络饮联合西医常规疗法治疗老年急性脑梗死临床研究

目的探讨芪蛭活血通络饮治疗老年急性脑梗死气虚血瘀证患者临床疗效,观察其对患者炎性指标、纤维化指标、神经功能恢复的影响。方法采用随机数字表法将94例患者分为观察组和对照组各47例。对照组采用西医常规治疗,观察组在对照组基础上予芪蛭活血通络饮,每日1剂,每次150 mL,每日2次,口服(吞咽困难者胃管给药),2组均连续治疗2周。观察2组治疗前后血液流变学指标、转化生长因子-β1(TGF-β1)、同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)、超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CPR)、血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)水平,及神经功能(NIHSS)评分、日常生活能力(ADL)评分,比较2组临床疗效及不良反应。结果与本组治疗前比较,2组治疗后全血高切黏度、全血低切黏度、纤维蛋白原、hs-CPR、Hcy水平明显下降,TGF-β1、VEGF水平明显升高(P<0.05);2组治疗后比较,观察组上述实验室指标改善明显优于对照组(P<0.05)。与本组治疗前比较,2组治疗后NIHSS评分明显降低,ADL评分明显升高(P<0.05);2组治疗后比较,观察组NIHSS评分低于对照组,ADL评分高于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组总有效率为93.62%(44/47),对照组为74.47%(35/47),2组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组不良反应率为14.89%(7/47),对照组为19.15%(9/47),2组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论芪蛭活血通络饮联合西医常规疗法治疗老年急性脑梗死气虚血瘀证疗效满意,可有效减轻患者炎症反应,改善机体高凝状态,促进神经功能修复。     

急性心肌梗死急诊介入治疗的临床评价

目的探讨急诊经皮冠状动脉介入治疗术(PCI)对ST段抬高型急性心肌梗死(STAMI)的治疗价值。方法STAMI46例,在发病12h内行急诊冠状动脉造影及直接冠脉支架置入术(DS)或预扩张后支架置入术(PS),观察术中心律失常发生情况,术后TIMI分级、心电图,出院前左室射血分数(LVEF)和住院期间主要不良心脏事件(MACE)等。结果DS组与PS组各项指标无差异,44例达TIMI3级,成功率达95.7%,ST段回落率67.4%,平均LVEF(49.4±9.46)%,术中心律失常发生率21.7%,无MACE发生。结论对于发病12h的STAMI患者,行急诊PCI,可开通梗塞相关动脉(IRA),改善心肌再灌注和近期预后。     

A study for evaluating the effect of the deltoid-flap repair in massive rotator cuff defects

The repair of massive cuff defects by direct suture often is impossible. In these cases, a repair by musculo–tendineous flaps (latissimus-dorsi, pectoralis or deltoideus) is required. It was the goal of this study to evaluate the result of delta-flap repair in case of massive cuff defects with a diameter of 5 cm or more. Between 1998 and 2000 for all patients who were suffering from a massive rotator cuff tear more than 5 cm a deltoid transfer was performed. A total of 20 patients (14 male, 6 female; age: 60.9 ± 8.7 years) were available for a follow-up after 47.2 ± 8.0 (range, 36 to 60) month. The operation included an arthroscopic evaluation, acromioplasty with resection of the lateral clavicular end, and biceps tenodesis. The cuff defect was repaired by transfer a muscular flap from the anterior part of the deltoid (about 2×6 cm) into the defect. The patients subjectively rated their result—10 excellent, 9 good, and 1 poor. Preoperatively, the Constant amounted 26.3 ± 5.1 points. At follow-up, the score significantly increased to 74.5 ± 8.5 points. The acromiohumeral distance increased from 4.9 ± 1.1 to 9.2 ± 1.7 mm. In MRI examination of 11 patients all had an intact flap. Two complications (a wound hematoma and a deep infection) did not influence the result. The repair of massive rotator cuff tears by a deltoid transfer produces acceptable clinical and radiological results.     

幽门螺杆菌细胞毒素相关蛋白A在脑梗死中的作用

目的探讨幽门螺杆菌细胞毒素相关蛋白A(Cag-A)与脑梗死发生的关系。方法使用酶联免疫法测定100名患者和50名健康对照者Cag-A抗体,并对脑梗死患者检测CagA-HP-IgG阳性及阴性情况下颈动脉斑块和脑梗死相关因素水平。结果脑梗死组血清CagA-HP-IgG阳性率为62%,而对照组为38%,两组相比有显著性差异(P<0.05)。脑梗死组CagA-HP-IgG阳性100%存在颈动脉斑块;而CagA-HP-IgG阴性者仅55%存在颈动脉斑块,两者之间存在显著性差异(P<0.05)。CagA-HP-IgG阳性的脑梗死患者CRP水平及血纤维蛋白原水平均显著高于CagA-HP-IgG阴性者(P<0.05)。结论Cag-A阳性菌株感染与脑梗死的发生有关,是其发病的危险因素。     

脑心通对脑缺血再灌注损伤细胞外信号调节激酶活化的影响

目的:观察大鼠局灶性脑缺血/再灌注((ischemia/reperfusion,I/R)后信号转导介质细胞外信号调节激酶(extracellular signal-regulated kinase,ERK)的活化情况以及脑心通对其影响。方法:雄性成年Wistar大鼠90只,随机分成3组:假手术组、对照组和脑心通组(每组30只),分别于缺血前6日每日用生理盐水4mL、生理盐水4mL和脑心通0.48g/kg(脑心通用4mL生理盐水溶解)灌胃。采用线栓法致大脑中动脉栓塞(middle cerebral artery occlusion,MCAO)模型,在脑缺血再灌注后的3h、6h、24h、48h和72h分别处死大鼠(各组每个时间点6只),将脑组织进行免疫组织化学、TTC染色,TUNEL法观察细胞凋亡。结果:脑缺血诱导ERK活化,第6h达高峰,并持续到72h。脑心通组ERKs活化明显较对照组增强,而且各时间点ERK免疫反应阳性细胞数脑心通组显著较对照组增多(P<0.01)。脑心通组TTC染色梗死体积及凋亡细胞数较对照组明显较少(P<0.01)。结论:局灶性脑缺血再灌注可诱导缺血脑细胞部分ERK活化,脑心通干预可使缺血大脑海马ERK活化增强,减轻细胞的缺血性损伤。     

数字减影脑血管造影对原发性脑室出血的病因诊断价值

目的探讨DSA在原发性脑室出血(PIVH)原发病因检出中的应用价值。方法回顾性分析25例原发性脑室出血患者的DSA检查结果。结果25例患者中检出AVM8例,MoyaMoya病3例,颅内动脉瘤3例,海绵状血管瘤1例,造影阴性10例。结论DSA检查对甄别原发性脑室出血的病因具有重要的诊断意义,对有条件的PIVH病例均应行DSA检查以明确病因,作进一步病因治疗。     

80岁以上高龄患者急性脑梗塞的临床特点分析

目的:探讨超过80岁的高龄急性脑梗塞患者的临床特点。方法:58例高龄(均≥80岁)急性脑梗塞患者,大多数行头颅MRI平扫加弥散加权成像(DWl),少数行CT检查。依影像学结果按梗塞病灶的大小分为两组:大面积梗塞(直径>1.5cm)及小面积梗塞(直径≤1.5cm,主要为腔隙性梗塞)组。回顾比较两组间发病特点;糖尿病、高血压、颈动脉硬化、冠心病、房颤的发生率;治疗方法、平均住院时间、30天病死率、日常生活活动能力(ADL)等临床指标。结果:大面积梗塞组占16例(27.6%),小面积梗塞组占42例(72.4%)。首发症状中大面积梗塞组以意识障碍(87.5%vs23.8%;P=0.018)、严重偏瘫(93.8%vs28.6%;P=0.012)、头痛(43.8%vs14.3%;P=0.026)、言语障碍等症状为主,小面积梗塞以以肢体无力、行走不稳(64.3%vs6.3%;P=0.001)、头昏、眩晕(52.4%vs25.0%;P=0.028)、言语不清、感觉障碍等症状为主。大面积梗塞组房颤高发(43,8%vs14.3%;P=0.030),小面积梗塞组高血压(88.1%vs56.3%;P=0.041)、糖尿病(54.8%vs18.8%;P=0.021)高发。在大面积梗塞组急性期用低分子肝素抗凝较多(75.0%vs40,5%;P=0.035),两组均以口服抗血小板药物为主。大面积梗塞组的并发症较多,平均住院日为小面积梗塞组的近二倍,死亡率较后者明显增高(25.0%vs4.8%;P=0.035)。结论:高龄急性脑梗塞患者以较小面积的腔隙性脑梗塞多见。小面积梗塞组高血压、糖尿病的发生较高。大面积梗塞组房颤的发生较高,有较高的死亡率,预后较差,需要更积极的综合诊治管理。常规尽早行头颅MRI加DWI有助于急性脑梗塞的早期诊断治疗。