错畸形患者的心理状况分析

目的 :研究错牙合畸形患者的心理状态 ,探讨解决方案。方法 :92例错畸形患者分为少儿组和成年组 ,对 2组患者常见的正畸心理进行统计学分析。结果 :两组在怕痛心理上差异有显著性 (P <0 .0 5 )。结论 :不同年龄组正畸者心态存在差异 ,正畸时需配合心理治疗     

150例安氏Ⅱ类错(牙合)畸形中不同面型Bolton指数的测量研究

目的探讨安氏Ⅱ类错[牙合]畸形患者不同面型Bolton指数不调的发生率。方法将高角型、正常型、低角型三组安氏Ⅱ类错[牙合]患者的牙模各50副,对其上下牙分别进行Bolton指数分析。结果150例中Bolton指数不协调者占22.67%,前牙比、全牙比均呈高角型〉正常型〉低角型的趋势,其差异均有统计学意义。结论Bolton分析应成为正畸诊断和确定治疗计划的重要依据之一。     

Damon自锁托槽对安氏I类错（牙合）畸形矫治前后牙弓宽度的变化研究

目的：通过测量牙弓宽度变化探讨Damon自锁托槽矫治安氏I类错(牙合)畸形的作用机制及疗效。方法：21例处于生长发育期的青少年安氏I类患者,采用Damon自锁托槽进行非拔牙矫治,治疗前后进行头影测量和牙弓宽度测量,分析牙弓宽度的变化特征。结果：矫治后患者牙列拥挤均解除,上、下颌牙弓宽度WU4、WU5、WU6、WL3、WL4、WL5、WL6在治疗后均明显增加(P<0.05)。上、下颌前牙治疗后唇倾度增加,UI-NA、LI-MP、LI-NB治疗前后差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论：Damon自锁托槽对于治疗安氏I类非拔牙矫治有特殊的疗效,可通过增加患者的牙弓宽度解除牙列拥挤,从而达到非拔牙矫治的效果。     

正畸与修复联合治疗伴侧切牙异常的错[牙合]畸形

目的探讨正畸与修复联合治疗伴侧切牙异常的错[牙合]畸形患者的临床效果。方法选择正畸门诊伴有侧切牙异常的错殆畸形患者49例,先期采用固定正畸技术,排齐整平牙弓,矫治异常的覆[牙合]覆盖及偏斜的中线,对应好磨牙尖窝关系,合理集中或开辟间隙,后期进行固定冠桥修复或牙体美学修复。结果经过12—24个月先期正畸矫治和最后的修复治疗,49例患者牙齿排列整齐,中线对齐,无间隙,磨牙关系及覆[牙合]盖关系正常。结论对于伴有侧切牙异常的错[牙合]畸形病例,应根据患者的年龄、面型、侧切牙缺失的数目、畸形牙大小、牙弓拥挤度、错殆类型及自身美观要求等综合考虑,具体分析,设计不同的治疗方案,采用正畸与修复联合治疗可以达到良好的临床效果。     

21例完全性唇腭裂错颌畸形的正畸治疗

目的探讨完全性唇腭裂的正崎治疗在唇腭裂序列治疗中的作用。方法选取1月～26岁的21例完全性唇腭裂患者,采取Hotz矫治器、直丝弓矫治器、活动上颌扩弓矫治器、口外弓前方牵引头帽等装置进行矫治.治疗前后制取牙颌模型、拍摄头颅定位侧位片,分析患者头影测量指标的变化。结果在不同牙龄段采用不同的矫治方法,可以有效的减少对上颌骨发育影响,减少畸形的发生,改善患者的容貌,并可排齐牙列,改善咬合关系。结论正畸治疗是完全性唇腭裂错颌患者治疗中的重要部分。     

青少年错颌畸形患者牙齿美观期待的前瞻性研究

目的 探讨青少年错颌畸形患者在正畸治疗过程中牙齿美观主观感受和牙齿美观期待的动态变化.方法 随机选择30例14～18周岁错颌畸形治疗患者作为治疗组进行长达1.5年的前瞻性随访研究,采用正畸治疗需要指数的美观量表(IOTN-AC)调查患者对自我错颌畸形的评价,用自制的牙齿美观期待量表进行期待值评估;随机选择该年龄段错颌畸形未治疗者21例作为对照组进行随访;随访时间点均为治疗开始前、治疗开始后0.5,1.0,1.5年.结果 随着随访时间的延长,治疗组患者IOTN-AC分值逐渐降低,对照组患者IOTN-AC分值逐渐升高;治疗组和对照组患者牙齿美观期待值均呈现逐渐升高的趋势;2组比较差异显著.结论 针对青少年错颌畸形患者,对于治疗者,在治疗后期应加强沟通,以防患者急于求成、依从性差导致治疗失败;对未治疗者应消除其不愿治疗的顾虑,使其尽快治疗以便改善其牙齿美观性,最终提升其心理健康状况.     

专科生口腔健康状况及颞下颌关节紊乱病调查

目的调查大学专科学生口腔健康状况及颞下颌关节紊乱病的患病情况,为开展高职高专院校口腔健康宣传教育提供依据。方法根据世界卫生组织制定的口腔健康调查方法,调查858名大学专科学生的口腔健康现状,调查项目包括龋病、牙龈炎、错牙合畸形和颞下颌关节紊乱病。结果 858名专科生的患龋率为67.13%,女生比男生严重（χ2=58.13,P〈0.01）;牙龈炎患病率为66.20%,男生比女生严重（χ2=26.82,P〈0.01）;错牙合畸形患病率为26.92%,男女间无显著差异（χ2=0.23,P〉0.05）;颞下颌关节紊乱病患病率为31.82%,女生比男生严重（χ2=10.08,P〈0.01）。结论专科学生口腔健康状况不佳,需要加强口腔保健宣传教育。     

Physiotherapeutic methods of treatment of mandibular distal occlusion and the progress of therapy: A case report

BackgroundStudies have demonstrated a relationship between dental malocclusion and posture defects. The aims of the study were to present (1) the effect of a physiotherapeutic approach to a patient with a distal occlusion defect with the use of a set of exercises to strengthen the muscles responsible for mandibular protrusion, and (2) a non-invasive and easy-to-use method to monitor the effects of therapy.MethodsFive year old girl with a distal occlusion and with a low basic postural tone was referred to physiotherapy. A therapeutic program i.a. concerning a strengthening of the temporomandibular joint muscles with the use of a flexible tape was proposed. To assess the functional changes of the masticatory apparatus a photoanthropometric method was used. In side-face photos, proportions of 2 linear measurements and values of two angles on the first day of therapy, after 2 and after 4 months of exercises, with the mandible located freely and in the maximum protrusion were compared.ResultsA comparison of indices and angles showed a marked improvement in mandibular mobility already after two and four months of the exercises. Using the elastic resistance tape in addition to general developmental exercises allowed for increasing the mobility in the temporomandibular joint.ConclusionMalocclusion should not be considered separately, without taking into account the body posture. The work of the physiotherapist can benefit the orthodontist, correcting postural defects and consequently affecting malocclusion. A comparison of linear measurements and angles can be used to assess the progress of the therapy.     

Patients offered orthognathic surgery: Why do many refrain from treatment?

AimTo examine factors associated with patients' decision to decline surgery.Material/methodsOf 470 consecutive patients referred to the University of Oslo from 2007 to 2009, a sample of 160 subjects who had not undergone surgery was identified and contacted. 236 operated patients from the same period served as a comparison group. Morphology was assessed from cephalograms and photographs, and the individuals' opinions were recorded using questionnaires.ResultsDentofacial morphology represented normative treatment need and was generally similar except for a higher rate of severe negative overjet in the operated group (p < 0.001). The most prevalent reasons for declining surgery were risks of side effects, the burden of care, and a general reluctance to undergo surgery. Many un-operated subjects were dissatisfied with their masticatory function and dentofacial appearance.ConclusionInformed consent to orthognathic surgery represents a challenge both to the patient and the professional. The findings imply that patients' motives and fears should be explored during consultation and that the information provided should be adapted to the potential risks and benefits related to the actual treatment.