前方牵引矫治18～24岁骨性反(牙合)患者的疗效评价

目的 通过观察前方牵引矫治18～24岁骨性反(牙合)患者的疗效,探讨前方牵引矫治的机制.方法 选择15例骨性Ⅲ类错(牙合)成年患者,年龄18～24岁(平均19.2岁),通过上下颌活动和固定矫治器的合理配置,利用晚间上颌前方牵引联合白天Ⅲ类颌间牵引进行矫治,前方牵引疗程约7个月,总疗程约24个月.头影测量分析治疗前后头颅侧位X线片.结果 经过治疗15例患者外形侧貌及咬合关系基本正常.SNA角、SNB角、ANB角由治疗前的(79.6±3.7)°、(83.5±3.3)°、(-4.1±2.0)°变为(81.1±3.8)°、(82.6±3.6)°、(-1.5±1.8)°,矫治前后相比,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01).结论 上下颌活动和固定矫治器的合理配置能连续实施上颌骨矫形作用,为临床矫治18～24岁骨性Ⅲ类反(牙合)提供了新思路.     

天津市口腔医院正畸患者中颜面偏斜的患病率调查及临床特征分析

目的了解天津市口腔医院正畸患者中偏颌畸形的患病率及其临床特征,揭示各类错与颜面偏斜的关系及颜面偏斜的临床特点。方法选取天津市口腔医院就诊的2384例患者,统计颜面偏斜的患病率、性别差异,分析其临床特征。结果天津市口腔医院正畸患者中颜面偏斜的患病率为2.6%;患病率有性别差异;Ⅲ类错中颜面偏斜的患病率最高,Ⅱ类错最少;颜面左侧偏斜多于右侧偏斜;颜面偏斜患者多伴有前牙或后牙的反。结论天津市口腔医院正畸患者中偏颌畸形患病率显著低于其他地区;AngleⅢ类错伴颜面偏斜畸形的患病率最高。     

Quality of life and economic burdens of malocclusion in U.S. patients enrolled in Medicaid

BackgroundPatients enrolled in Medicaid have limited access to orthodontic services in the United States. No studies are available, to the authors' knowledge, regarding the clinical and psychosocial burdens of malocclusion on these patients from an economic perspective.MethodsThe authors conducted a systematic review of the relevant economic literature. They identified issues from the perspectives of the various stakeholders (dentists, patients and parents, Medicaid programs) and developed a conceptual model for studying decision making focused on the strategy of providing early interceptive and preventive treatment rather than, or in addition to, comprehensive care in the patient's permanent dentition.ResultsMedicaid coverage and reimbursement amounts vary nationwide, and decision making associated with obtaining care can be complex. The perspectives of all relevant stakeholders deserve assessment. A conceptual framework of the cost-effectiveness of interceptive orthodontic treatment compared with comprehensive treatment illustrates the issues to be considered when evaluating these strategies.ConclusionsPolicymakers and the dental community should identify creative solutions to addressing low-income families' limited access to orthodontic services and compare them from various perspectives with regard to their relative cost-effectiveness.Clinical ImplicationsDentists should be aware of the multiple problems faced by low-income families in obtaining orthodontic services and the impact of stakeholder issues on access to care; they also should be proactive in helping low-income patients obtain needed orthodontic services.     

武汉市硚口区5000名高中学生错牙合畸形状况调查

目的：了解武汉市斫1：3区高中学生错殆畸形患病情况,为本地防治提供依据。方法：对武汉市研1：3区5000名17～19岁高中毕业生进行黯关系和牙颌畸形调查,按Angle错殆分类法分类。结果：本组学生错黯畸形患病率为29．26％,男生为33．81％,女生为24．91％,两者差异有显著性（P〈0．05）。错殆畸形构成比以AngleI类为最多,常见的牙殆畸形为牙列拥挤、个别牙错位、深覆殆。结论：武汉市研口区高中学生错胎畸形患病率较低,错殆畸形以AngleI类最多。     

Maximal bite force,facial morphology and sucking habits in young children with functional posterior crossbite

Objective

The maintenance of normal conditions of the masticatory function is determinant for the correct growth and development of its structures. Thus, the aims of this study were to evaluate the influence of sucking habits on the presence of crossbite and its relationship with maximal bite force, facial morphology and body variables in 67 children of both genders (3.5-7 years) with primary or early mixed dentition.

Material and methods

The children were divided in four groups: primary-normocclusion (PN, n=19), primary-crossbite (PC, n=19), mixed-normocclusion (MN, n=13), and mixed-crossbite (MC, n=16). Bite force was measured with a pressurized tube, and facial morphology was determined by standardized frontal photographs: AFH (anterior face height) and BFW (bizygomatic facial width).

Results

It was observed that MC group showed lower bite force than MN, and AFH/ BFW was significantly smaller in PN than PC (t-test). Weight and height were only significantly correlated with bite force in PC group (Pearson’s correlation test). In the primary dentition, AFH/BFW and breast-feeding (at least six months) were positive and negatively associated with crossbite, respectively (multiple logistic regression). In the mixed dentition, breastfeeding and bite force showed negative associations with crossbite (univariate regression), while nonnutritive sucking (up to 3 years) associated significantly with crossbite in all groups (multiple logistic regression).

Conclusions

In the studied sample, sucking habits played an important role in the etiology of crossbite, which was associated with lower bite force and long-face tendency.     

Orofacial anatomical and occlusal changes in patients with sickle cell disease in Kuwait

ObjectiveSickle cell disease (SCD) is the most common hemoglobinopathy where morphologic changes to red blood cells affect the development of hard and soft tissues. The purpose of this study is to identify the craniofacial characteristics and maxillomandibular relationship in SCD patients and compare with unaffected subjects, through cephalometric radiographic assessment.Materials and MethodsThe study included 44 Kuwaiti SCD patients (20 female, 24 male) as well as 44 age and gender matched controls. Digital lateral cephalometric, radiographs were recorded. SNA and ANB angles were measured and compared.ResultsThe mean SNA angle was found to be higher among the SCD cases (83.00 ± 3.22) than in controls (81.78 ± 4.58), but the difference was not statistically significant, (p = 0.146). The mean ANB angle in SCD cases (5.27 ± 2.36) was significantly higher, than that in controls (3.97 ± 2.23). The difference in means was statistically significant, (p = 0.01). Almost 50% of the SCD patients had class II malocclusion and 61.5% of the patients had prognathic maxilla.ConclusionsPatients with SCD in Kuwait exhibited characteristics of skeletal class II pattern malocclusion. They also showed evidence of compensatory maxillary expansion.     

Insignia固定矫治器定制系统在正畸治疗中的效果评价

目的:探讨Insignia固定矫治器定制系统在正畸治疗中的应用效果.方法:选择2018年3月-2019年8月大连市口腔医院收治的错(牙合)畸形患者71例,应用随机数字表法分为定制组和非定制组.非定制组采用Damon Q自锁托槽治疗,定制组采用Insignia矫治系统定制个性化自锁托槽及弓丝治疗.初始校准阶段,每8周复查...     

Effects of fixed labial orthodontic appliances on speech sound production

Objective:To explore the impact of fixed labial orthodontic appliances on speech sound production.Materials and Methods:Speech evaluations were performed on 23 patients with fixed labial appliances. Evaluations were performed immediately prior to appliance insertion, immediately following insertion, and 1 and 2 months post insertion. Baseline dental/skeletal variables were correlated with the ability to accommodate the presence of the appliances.Results:Appliance effects were variable: 44% of the subjects were unaffected, 39% were temporarily affected but adapted within 2 months, and 17% of patients showed persistent sound errors at 2 months. Resolution of acquired sound errors was noted by 8 months post–appliance removal. Maladaptation to appliances was correlated to severity of malocclusion as determined by the Grainger’s Treatment Priority Index. Sibilant sounds, most notably /s/, were affected most often.Conclusions:(1) Insertion of fixed labial appliances has an effect on speech sound production. (2) Sibilant and stopped sounds are affected, with /s/ being affected most often. (3) Accommodation to fixed appliances depends on the severity of malocclusion.     

An Unusual Lateral Incisor

Abstract

A case is reported in which the morphology of the tooth present in the right maxillary lateral incisor region suggests a diagnosis of hypo-hyperodontia.