硫酸镁联合孟鲁司特纳对重度哮喘患儿肺功能及呼吸动力学的影响

目的 分析硫酸镁联合孟鲁司特钠对重度哮喘患儿肺功能及呼吸动力学的影响。方法 选取2018 年6 月～2020 年6 月本院收治的78 例重度哮喘患者,以双盲随机抽样法分组,每组各39 例。对照组采用硫酸镁治疗,实验组采用硫酸镁联合孟鲁司特钠治疗,比较两组临床疗效、肺功能指标、呼吸动力学指标、不良反应发生率。结果 实验组临床总有效率（94.87%）较对照组（64.10%）高;治疗2 周后,实验组FEV1、PEF、FVC、Cst 均较对照组高;治疗2 周后,实验组Pawm、Plat、R 均较对照组低,差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。两组不良反应总发生率比较,差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。结论 硫酸镁联合孟鲁司特钠可有效缓解重度哮喘患者临床症状,改善肺功能及呼吸动力学参数,且不良反应较少,值得借鉴。     

Thermodynamics of clayedrug complex dispersions: Isothermal titration calorimetry and high-performance liquid chromatography

An understanding of the thermodynamics of the complexation process utilized in sustaining drug release in clay matrices is of great importance.Several characterisation techniques as well as isothermal calorimetry were utilized in investigating the adsorption process of a model cationic drug(diltiazem hydrochloride,DIL)onto a pharmaceutical clay system(magnesium aluminium silicate,MAS).X-ray powder diffraction(XRPD),attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(ATRFTIR)and optical microscopy confirmed the successful formation of the DIL-MAS complexes.Drug quantification from the complexes demonstrated variable behaviour in the differing media used with DIL degrading to desacetyl diltiazem hydrochloride(DC-DIL)in the 2 M HCl media.Here also,the authors report for the first time two binding processes that occurred for DIL and MAS.A competitor binding model was thus proposed and the thermodynamics obtained suggested their binding processes to be enthalpy driven and entropically unfavourable.This information is of great importance for a formulator as care and consideration should be given with appropriate media selection as well as the nature of binding in complexes.     

UDCA联合异甘草酸镁治疗Ⅱ、Ⅲ期原发性胆汁性肝硬化患者的临床疗效观察

目的探讨熊去氧胆酸(UDCA)联合异甘草酸镁对早中期原发性胆汁性肝硬化(PBC)患者的临床疗效。方法选择我院收治的53例PBC患者,随机分为治疗组(28例)和对照组(25例),治疗组给予UDCA联合异甘草酸镁,对照组单独给予UDCA;比较两组患者临床症状改善和患者免疫指标水平变化情况。结果治疗后治疗组血清TBil、AST、ALT、γ-GGT、ALP均明显低于对照组(P0.05);治疗组治疗4周后总有效率为82.14%,对照组为60.87%,治疗组显著高于对照组,两组相比差异具有统计学意义(χ2=11.102,P=0.000)。治疗后两组患者免疫指标均显著降低,其中治疗组各免疫指标降低水平显著优于对照组,两组间相比差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论 UDCA联合异甘草酸镁治疗Ⅱ、Ⅲ期PBC患者可以显著改善患者的临床症状,提高临床疗效,且不良反应轻微,可以考虑作为PBC的治疗方法之一。     

锌、铁、铜、镁4种元素在乙型肝炎肝硬化不同分期及中医证候中的分布研究

目的 初步探讨血清Zn、Fe、Cu、Mg 4种元素在乙型肝炎代偿期与失代偿期肝硬化中的含量情况以及其在不同中医证候间的分布差异。方法 选择符合诊断标准的乙型肝炎肝硬化患者95例,测定入组患者血清Zn、Fe、Cu、Mg的含量水平,收集中医四诊资料齐全者按照辨证标准进行分组,最后进行统计学分析。结果 血清Zn、Mg在乙型肝炎肝硬化失代偿期显著低于乙型肝炎肝硬化代偿期,肝气郁结证及湿热蕴结证为乙型肝炎肝硬化多发证侯,血清Zn在乙型肝炎肝硬化水湿内阻证组显著低于瘀血阻络证组（P〈0.05）。结论 血清Zn、Mg含量随着乙型肝炎肝硬化病变程度加重而降低,动态监测两者水平对于判断该病的病情轻重程度及转归具有一定指导意义,而血清Zn在乙型肝炎肝硬化不同中医证候间的分布存在一定的差异性。     

钾盐型磷酸镁水泥作为新一代骨骼系统修复材料的研究与应用进展

钾盐型磷酸镁水泥（MKPC）于2009年作为骨修复材料获得美国FDA的认证,目前已在美国临床使用.这种生物材料具有强大的黏合性,能把骨、韧带和肌腱黏附到骨;同时还具有良好的生物相容性、适度的生物降解性和成骨活性,是目前惟一既具有黏合性又具有成骨活性的骨修复材料.此新型材料进入临床必将给骨外科及其相关学科的治疗带来前所未有的改变.概述了MKPC的发展、组成与制备特点、反应机制、应用研究以及具有的优势.     

In vitro and in vivo evaluation of biodegradable,open-porous scaffolds made of sintered magnesium W4 short fibres

A cytocompatible and biocompatible, degradable, open-porous, mechanically adaptable metal scaffold made of magnesium alloy W4 melt-extracted short fibres was fabricated by liquid phase sintering. Cylindrical samples (3 × 5 mm) of sintered W4 short fibres were evaluated under in vitro (L929, HOB, eudiometer, weight loss) and in vivo conditions (rabbits: 6 and 12 weeks). The in vitro corrosion environment (e.g., temperature, flow, composition of corrosion solution, exposure time) significantly influenced the corrosion rates of W4 scaffolds compared with corrosion in vivo. Corrosion rates under cell culture conditions for 72 h varied from 1.05 to 3.43 mm y^?1 depending on the media composition. Corrosion rates measured in eudiometric systems for 24 h were ～24–27 times higher (3.88–4.43 mm y^?1) than corrosion in vivo after 6 weeks (0.16 mm y^?1). Moreover, it was found that the cell culture media composition significantly influences the ionic composition of the extract by selectively dissolving ions from W4 samples or their corrosion products. A pilot in vivo study for 6 and 12 weeks demonstrated active bone remodelling, no foreign body reaction and no clinical observation of gas formation during W4 scaffold implantation. Long-term in vivo studies need to be conducted to prove complete degradation of the W4 scaffold and total replacement by the host tissue.     

The formation of an organic coat and the release of corrosion microparticles from metallic magnesium implants

Magnesium alloys have been proposed as prospective degradable implant materials. To elucidate the complex interactions between the corroding implants and the tissue, magnesium implants were analyzed in a mouse model and the response was compared to that induced by Ti and by the resorbable polymer polyglactin, respectively. One month after implantation, distinct traces of corrosion were apparent but the magnesium implants were still intact, whereas resorbable polymeric wound suture implants were already fragmented. Analysis of magnesium implants 2 weeks after implantation by energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy indicated that magnesium, oxygen, calcium and phosphate were present at the implant surface. One month after implantation, the element composition of the outermost layer of the implant was indicative of tissue without detectable levels of magnesium, indicating a protective barrier function of this organic layer. In agreement with this notion, gene expression patterns in the surrounding tissue were highly similar for all implant materials investigated. However, high-resolution imaging using energy-filtered transmission electron microscopy revealed magnesium-containing microparticles in the tissue in the proximity of the implant. The release of such corrosion particles may contribute to the accumulation of calcium phosphate in the nearby tissue and to bone conductive activities of magnesium implants.     

口服硫酸镁对ERCP术后胰腺炎发生和血淀粉酶水平的影响

目的:探讨口服硫酸镁对预防经内镜逆行胰胆管造影术(encoscopic retrograde cholangio-pancreatography,ERCP)后胰腺炎发生和血淀粉酶水平的影响.方法:将120例拟行ERCP的胆总管结石患者随机分为观察组和对照组各60例,观察组ERCP前30min口服50%硫酸镁100mL,对照组不予硫酸镁,观察两组术前及术后3、24h血清淀粉酶水平及术后高淀粉酶血症和胰腺炎发生情况.结果:两组患者术前血清淀粉酶水平的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),观察组术后3、24h血清淀粉酶水平均显著低于对照组3、24h血清淀粉酶水平(P<0.05).观察组ERCP术后的高淀粉酶血症和胰腺炎发生率均分别显著低于对照组(P<0.05).结论:口服硫酸镁在一定程度上可降低ERCP术后血清淀粉酶水平,对预防ERCP术后高淀粉酶血症及胰腺炎可能有一定积极作用,当需大样本证实.     

异甘草酸镁对慢性肝病实验室指标改善的价值

目的探讨异甘草酸镁(MIG)对慢性肝病患者实验室指标改善的价值。方法 66例应用MIG注射液(150mg/日)和129例应用非甘草酸类(非-MIG)如二氯醋酸二异丙胺注射液(80mg/日)单独或合并应用其他保肝药物治疗,观察治疗1周和2周时患者血常规、血电解质和血生化指标的变化。结果与非-MIG治疗组比,MIG治疗1周时能升高白细胞(P=0.01),ALT、AST、ALP和GGT降低非常明显(P<0.01)。MIG开始治疗时患者ALT、AST、ALP和GGT水平分别是非-MIG治疗组患者的5倍(P<0.01)、2.94倍(P<0.01)、2.41倍(P<0.01)和1.63倍(P<0.01),治疗2周后MIG治疗组这些指标分别下降到非-MIG治疗组的1.53倍(P=0.03)、1.04倍(P=0.79)、1.29倍(P=0.26)和1.1倍(P=0.33);治疗2周后,MIG组和非-MIG治疗组患者TP、ALB、Hb均有所下降,但两组间无统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论 MIG对慢性肝损伤的治疗安全有效,血清酶学恢复迅速,未见明显的副作用。     

Fabrication and characterization of Mg-doped chitosan–gelatin nanocompound coatings for titanium surface functionalization

Titanium and its alloys have been widely used in clinic and achieved great success. Due to the bio-inertness of titanium surface, challenges still exit in some compromised conditions. The present study aimed to functionalize titanium surface with magnesium (Mg)-doped chitosan/gelatin (CS/G) nanocompound coatings via electrophoretic deposition (EPD). CS/G coatings loaded with different amount of magnesium were successfully prepared on titanium substrate via EPD. Physicochemical characterization of the coatings confirmed that magnesium ions were loaded into the coatings in a dose-dependent manner. XRD results demonstrated that co-deposition of magnesium influenced the crystallinity of the coatings, and a new crystalline substance presented, namely hydrated basic magnesium carbonate. Mechanical tests showed improved tensile and shear bond strength of the magnesium-doped coatings, while the excessively high magnesium concentration could eventually decrease the bonding strength. Sustained release of magnesium ion was detected by ICP-OES within 28 days. TEM images also displayed that nanoparticles could be released from the coatings. In vitro cellular response assays demonstrated that the Mg-doped nanocompound coatings could enhance the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells compared to CS/G coatings. Therefore, it could be concluded that Mg-doped CS/G nanocompound coatings were successfully fabricated on titanium substrates via EPD. It would be a promising candidate to functionalize titanium surface with such organic–inorganic nanocompound coatings.