Cardiac electrolytes and water in thyroparathyroidectomized rat

The effect of thyroparathyroidectomy (TPTX) on myocardial extracellular space (ECS), water and electrolytes was studied in young, female, Sprague-Dawley rats. Eight weeks after TPTX the ventricular ECS, measured in vivo with [³⁵S]sulfate, was found to be 0.219 ± 0.004 (g H₂O/g tissue as compared to 0.177 ± 0.006 in euthyroid control rats. Measurement of ECS in the same ventricular tissue of TPTX rat by a morphometric procedure confirmed the increase: 0.209 ± 0.004 (cm³/cm³). This increase in ECS was only relative to the size of the cellular compartment, for the absolute volume of the ECS in the ventricular myocardium fell. Thus, the relative expansion of the ECS at the expense of the cellular compartment appears to be due to a greater sensitivity of the parenchyma to the inhibitory effects of hypothyroidism on growth. This finding is compatible with a decrease in cellular size of the hearts of hypothyroid rats; a compartmental shift in water from the cellular to the extracellular compartment need not be postulated. Most or all of the enlargement of ECS is due to an expansion of the interstitial compartment. No changes in tissue water content were detected. Plasma concentrations of potassium, calcium and magnesium declined, whereas the concentrations of sodium and chloride remained constant. Depending on whether the electrolytes are predominantly intracellular or extracellular, tissue electrolyte contents showed alterations appropriate to the relative changes in compartmental volumes. Assuming homogeneous distributions of the electrolytes throughout the ECS, the calculated cellular concentrations slightly increased for sodium and potassium, decreased for magnesium, and remained unchanged for calcium and chloride.     

普米克令舒联合硫酸镁治疗新生儿胎粪吸入综合征的临床研究

目的 探讨普米克令舒联合硫酸镁治疗新生儿胎粪吸入综合征的临床效果.方法 纳入广东省茂名市人民医院2010年4月～2014年4月收治的新生儿胎粪吸入综合征患儿123例.将其分为观察组(n=43)、硫酸镁组(n=40)、普米克令舒组(n=40).观察组采用普米克令舒联合硫酸镁治疗,硫酸镁组给予硫酸镁治疗,普米克令舒组给予普米克令舒治疗.对比分析三组患儿治疗前后动脉血气指标水平、肺动脉收缩压(PASP)、氧暴露时间、住院时间及疗效.结果 观察组治疗后12、24 hpH与同期硫酸镁组和普米克令舒组比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05),血氧分压明显高于硫酸镁组和普米克令舒组,动脉血二氧化碳分压明显低于硫酸镁组和普米克令舒组,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05);观察组治疗后12、24 h PASP水平明显低于硫酸镁组和普米克令舒组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);观察组氧暴露时间[(5.49±0.85)d]和住院时间[(12.95±2.31)d]均显著短于硫酸镁组[(7.93±1.12)、(16.41±2.57)d]及普米克令舒组[(7.78±1.05)、(16.23±2.41)d],差异有统计学意义(P＜ 0.05);观察组总有效率(86.05％)显著高于硫酸镁组(65.00％)和普米克令舒组(62.50％),差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 普米克令舒联合硫酸镁治疗新生儿胎粪吸入综合征临床效果显著,具有重要的临床研究价值.     

异甘草酸镁联合降脂治疗非酒精性脂肪型肝炎及对肝功能的影响

目的：探析异甘草酸镁联合降脂治疗非酒精性脂肪型肝炎疗效及对肝功能影响。方法以该院2011年5月-2014年10月期间所收治92例非酒精性脂肪型肝炎患者展开研究,对照组给予以调脂为主综合治疗,观察组加用异甘草酸镁,比较两组治疗前后PCⅢ、C-ⅠV、HA及ALT、AST、TBIL、γ-GT等肝纤维化指标。结果两组治疗前各肝纤维化指标的比较无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗后,观察组PCⅢ、C-ⅠV、HA等指标均显著降低,与治疗前比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),与对照组治疗后的组间比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。组间比较上,两组治疗前ALT、AST、TBIL、γ-GT等肝功能指标的比较无统计学意义(P>0.05),治疗后两组各指标的比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);组内比较上,两组治疗前后各指标的比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论异甘草酸镁可保护肝细胞,与降脂治疗联合应用于NASH患者可有效抑制肝细胞纤维化,促进肝功能的恢复,应用价值高。     

保肝药物联合应用治疗化疗相关性药物肝损害的临床疗效观察

目的 探讨异甘草酸镁联合还原型谷胱甘肽对化疗引起的药物性肝损害的临床疗效.方法 采用单中心,随机分组、前瞻性研究的方法,将研究对象分为异甘草酸镁单药组(A组)、还原型谷胱甘肽单药组(B组)和联合用药组(C组),观察治疗2周后,三组患者血ALT、AST变化情况.结果 入选病例81例,均可评价疗效.在治疗结束后,A、B、C三组ALT水平分别为(73.64±19.28)U/L、(76.46±15.34)U/L、(56.80±17.33) U/L,显著低于(P<0.05)治疗前水平的(125.35±22.63)U/L、(122.22±21.69) U/L、(130.38±21.97)U/L;AST水平分别为(79.88±20.15)U/L、(80.48±15.72)U/L、(61.97±16.63) U/L,显著低于(P<0.05)治疗前水平的(140.37±20.15)U/L、(138.21±25.61) U/L、(147.59±24.38)U/L;三组ALT、AST下降幅度分别为(45.98±10.81)U/L、(40.76±13.57)U/L、(73.63±13.01)U/L和(60.56±13.88)U/L、(57.46±17.16) U/L、(84.96±15.59)U/L,两两比较,联合用药组与单药组(C组与A组、C组与B组)间有统计学差异(P<0.05),单药组(A组与B组)间无统计学差异(P>0.05).结论 与单一用药相比,异甘草酸镁联合还原型谷胱甘肽可显著降低化疗药物性肝损害患者的血ALT、AST水平.     

硝酸甘油微量泵入联合硫酸镁治疗妊高征临床疗效

目的：探讨不同药物治疗妊娠高血压综合征的临床疗效。方法将144例妊高征患者依据随机数字表法分成两组：对照组采用单纯硫酸镁治疗,观察组采用硫酸镁、硝酸甘油微量泵入治疗。比较两组的临床疗效、血压和24 h尿蛋白量的变化情况以及妊娠结果。结果观察组的总有效率显著高于对照组(90.28%vs 73.61)( P＜0.05);治疗后观察组患者的舒张压、收缩压、24 h尿蛋白量降幅均显著性大于对照组( P＜0.05);观察组患者出现胎盘早剥、早产、胎儿窘迫、剖宫产、产后出血、以及新生儿窒息等妊娠结局的概率显著低于对照组( P＜0.05)。结论临床应用硝酸甘油微量泵入辅助硫酸镁治疗妊高征能够明显降低血压、改善妊娠预后。     

镁合金网联合兔颗粒骨植入在兔体内异位成骨的实验研究

目的:使用普通和带涂层的镁合金网联合自体颗粒骨植入大兔体内,观察颗粒骨的愈合情况和镁合金网的降解速度.方法:用微弧氧化法在镁合金网表面制成20μm的涂层.将金属网制成直径为8 mm,高度为16 mm的圆柱状.分为A、B、C三组,分别为明胶海绵、普通镁合金网和20μm涂层镁合金网制作圆筒.取新西兰大白兔的自体的髂骨,制成细小颗粒骨,填充于圆筒中,植入白兔的臀部肌袋中.分别在第4、8周测血清镁离子并给予X线检查,观察植入物形态并且骨荧光标记镜下检测.结果:涂层20μm的镁合金网降解速度要慢于普通镁合金网,在X线和直观观察下在3组颗粒骨的愈合过程中未见明显差异;3组大白兔在不同时间段的血清镁离子浓度比较,差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);镜下观察荧光染色带分布和间隔的紧密程度依次是C组最致密、B组次之、A组较为稀疏;3组植入物在大白兔体内未见明显排异反应,组织相容性较好.结论:镁合金植入物有较好的组织相容性,镁合涂层可减慢降镁合金解速度,并且对于骨的生长具有一定的促进作用.具有一定的临床意义.     

甘草酸在肝外疾病中的研究进展

异甘草酸镁是常用的护肝降酶药物,其主要成分由甘草酸制备而得,后者具有抗炎、抗氧化、抗病毒感染的作用。近年研究证实,甘草酸可能对缺血-再灌注损伤、神经系统损伤、多种炎症、免疫相关疾病、内分泌疾病和肿瘤有治疗作用,有广阔的应用前景。本文系统总结近年来甘草酸在肝外疾病中的研究进展,概括甘草酸治疗上述疾病的可能机制,并对未来的研究方向做前瞻性的展望。     

硫酸镁联合罗哌卡因在小儿骶管阻滞中的应用

目的探讨硫酸镁联合罗哌卡因在小儿骶管阻滞中运用的有效性和安全性。方法将59例接受单侧腹股沟疝修补术的患儿随机分为罗哌卡因组(R组)和硫酸镁罗哌卡因组(RM组),R组患儿于全麻成功后用0.15%罗哌卡因1 m L/kg行骶管阻滞,RM组患儿在全麻后以0.15%罗哌卡因1 m L/kg联合硫酸镁50 mg行骶管阻滞。比较两组患者FLACC评分、MBS评分、AS评分及术后1周的FAS评分,同时比较患儿术后止痛药物使用情况及术后不良反应发生情况。结果两组患儿一般情况比较差异无统计学意义,术后不同时间点FLACC评分、AS评分比较,RM组均低于R组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组术后M BS评分、术后不良反应比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。R组患儿术后镇痛药物芬太尼及对乙酰氨基酚的用量均大于RM组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组术后1周FAS评分均为0。结论 50 mg硫酸镁联合罗哌卡因小儿骶管阻滞较单纯罗哌卡因能提供更好的术后镇痛效果。     

异甘草酸镁治疗抗结核药物性肝损伤82例疗效分析

目的：探讨异甘草酸镁治疗抗结核药物性肝损伤82例的疗效。方法82例经血清生化指标确认的由于使用抗结核药物引起药物性肝损伤患者,给予5%葡萄糖针250 ml+异甘草酸镁针150 mg,1次/d,静脉滴注,疗程3周,对其疗效进行分析。结果79例患者治愈,血清生化指标均正常,3例无效,总有效率96.34%,除1例患者出现眼睑浮肿,无高血压、低钾血症等发生。结论异甘草酸镁治疗抗结核药物性肝损伤,治疗后预后较好,副作用少。     

Magnesium substitution in acute ischaemic heart syndromes.

It has recently been suggested that intravenous infusion of magnesium may reduce mortality and the incidence of serious arrhythmias in patients with ischaemic heart disease and acute myocardial infarction. In the present double-blind, placebo-controlled study, 298 patients with suspected acute myocardial infarction were randomized to receive either intravenous magnesium chloride (80 mmol.24 h-1) or placebo. Infusions were started immediately after admission to the coronary care unit. One hundred and fifty patients received magnesium and 148 the placebo. Ischaemic heart disease was diagnosed in 244 patients. Acute myocardial infarction was observed among 83 patients in the magnesium group and 79 in the placebo group. Both treatment groups were comparable regarding sex, age, clinical status, previous cardiac disease and medication. Serum magnesium was significantly raised during magnesium infusion compared to placebo (P less than 0.01). Fatal events were only observed among patients with myocardial infarction, but neither the in-hospital mortality (magnesium: 12.1%; placebo 10.1%) nor the mortality after a follow-up period of 245 days (median observation time) was affected by magnesium substitution. Magnesium infusion was accompanied by a significantly increased incidence of atrioventricular conduction disturbances. The results suggest that patients suffering from acute ischaemic heart syndromes do not benefit from intravenous magnesium supplementation.