超声鉴别诊断孕期子宫不完全纵隔与宫腔粘连带的价值

目的：探讨超声鉴别诊断孕期宫内异常带状结构的价值,本文主要研究子宫不完全纵隔与宫腔粘连带。方法：通过比较本院55例子宫不完全纵隔和39例宫腔粘连带患者的临床资料,包括超声声像图、胎盘、胎位还有生产情况,来了解这两种病症的差异。结果：两种病症的超声声像图特征差异很明显,例如异常带状结构的发生位置不同,形态不同等,说明超声对这两种症状的判断是有用的。结论：在孕期对子宫不完全纵隔和宫腔粘连带患者实施超声检测的诊断手段能及早地发现这些病症,并指导医生选择最合适的治疗方式实施治疗,提高治愈率和生产率,有重要意义。     

宫腔粘连的临床研究进展

宫腔粘连(IUA)为妇产科少见病症,发病率虽不高,但近年来却有上升的趋势。因可致闭经、不孕、盆腔痛等不良结局,严重影响女性的身心健康,而日益受到人们的关注。随着影像和宫腔镜技术的发展,有关IUA的临床实践发生了显著变化,对于IUA的病因、诊断、治疗及预防等的研究提出了更高的要求。因此,指定专门医院或多医院联合对IUA患者进行诊疗、随访,针对该疾病建立回顾性分析的数据库和进行良好的科学研究非常必要。     

左炔诺孕酮宫内缓释系统对子宫腺肌病患者性功能的影响

目的:探讨左炔诺孕酮宫内缓释系统治疗子宫腺肌病后对患者性功能的影响.方法:选择因子宫腺肌病放置左炔诺孕酮宫内缓释系统的患者40例,采用国际女性性功能评估量表评价患者治疗前1月、治疗后6月、治疗后12个月性功能情况.结果:35例患者顺利完成随访,随访率87.5%.与治疗前比较,治疗后12个月患者性功能各项指标均明显改善,...     

子宫内膜不典型增生和早期子宫内膜癌保守治疗方案分析

随着癌症发病的年轻化,患有子宫内膜癌的育龄期女性越来越多。为了保留生育能力,大部分患者倾向于保守治疗。故而众多研究者提出了子宫内膜不典型增生和早期子宫内膜癌的保守治疗方案,并在临床上进行了小样本研究。传统治疗以口服大剂量孕激素为主,然而多数口服孕激素治疗的患者复发率高、并发症多。左炔诺孕酮宫内缓释节育系统通过局部作用于子宫内膜,可减少大量孕激素对机体造成的不良反应。宫腔镜能够精准切除病灶,保护正常子宫内膜,相对降低了发生不孕、流产风险。二甲双胍的抗肿瘤作用能增加孕激素的有效率。通过综述子宫内膜不典型增生和早期子宫内膜癌各种保守治疗后的缓解率、复发率和妊娠结局,为临床上在治疗前对每位患者的自身因素及疾病特点进行评估,以采取对患者最有益的治疗方案及管理模式提供依据。     

医用几丁糖预防人流术后宫腔粘连的疗效观察

目的观察医用几丁糖预防人流术后宫腔粘连的疗效。方法收集2007—2010年在我院妇科门诊早孕者,无宫腔内操作史行人工流产术病例657例,随机分为术后宫腔内注入医用几丁糖的实验组362例,不应用医用几丁糖的对照组295例,根据术后随访,比较月经量减少、闭经和宫腔粘连的发生率。结果实验组患者月经减少或闭经发生率明显低于对照组。实验组宫腔或宫颈粘连发生率显著低于对照组。结论人工流产术后宫腔注入医用几丁糖可以明显降低术后月经量减少或闭经的发生率,在预防宫腔粘连的发生方面效果明显。     

Circulating levels of thrombospondin-1 are decreased in HELLP syndrome

Background

Preeclampsia is characterised by an imbalance of circulating pro- and anti-angiogenic factors. The syndrome of haemolysis, elevated liver enzymes and low platelet count (HELLP) develops mostly on the ground of preeclampsia, and one of its important features is the severe disturbance of the coagulation system, intravascular coagulopathy. Thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1) is derived from the endothelium and platelets, and exerts potent pro-thrombotic and anti-angiogenic effects. Our aim was to determine, whether its circulating levels are altered in preeclampsia and in HELLP syndrome.

Methods

We enrolled 45 pregnant women with early-, 43 with late-onset preeclampsia, 21 with HELLP-syndrome, 45 with uncomplicated pregnancy and 20 non-pregnant controls in our case-control study. TSP-1 levels were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

Results

Circulating TSP-1 levels were lower in HELLP syndrome compared to all other study groups, while they were unaltered in preeclampsia compared to the control groups. There was a significant positive linear correlation between TSP-1 levels and platelet count in HELLP syndrome. In patients with more severe HELLP syndrome, TSP-1 levels were significantly lower compared to women suffering from a milder form of HELLP syndrome.

Conclusions

Circulating thrombospondin-1 levels are decreased in HELLP syndrome and they seem to reflect disease severity, lower levels representing a more severe state. Nevertheless, despite its potent anti-angiogenic effect, our results suggest that circulating TSP-1 does not play a significant role in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia.     

Characterization of negatively charged phospholipids and cell origin of microparticles in women with gestational vascular complications

Introduction

Gestational vascular complications (GVC) are a major cause of maternal and fetal morbidity which can be potentially reduced by LMWH. Microparticles (MPs) are involved in thrombosis and inflammation. However, characterization and role of MPs in GVC have not been elucidated.

Materials and Methods

MPs were isolated from non-pregnant women, healthy pregnant women, women with GVC (hypertension or preeclamptic toxemia (PET)) and women with a history of pregnancy complications who were treated with LMWH. MP count, cell origin and expression of negatively charged phospholipids were evaluated.

Results

Total numbers of MPs were similar in the study cohorts, with a non-significant trend toward an increase in the pregnant groups, while percentage of MPs bearing negatively charged phospholipids was significantly reduced in all the pregnancy groups. Endothelial CD144-MPs were elevated in the GVC groups compared to the healthy pregnant cohort. Endothelial CD31 +/CD41-MPs were decreased in the LMWH group compared to women with PET. Percentage of placental trophoblast MPs was similar in all pregnancy groups and platelet MPs were reduced in healthy pregnant compared to non-pregnant women. Notably, percent of MPs bearing negatively charged phospholipids correlated only with platelet MPs, but not with endothelial, trophoblast or leukocyte MPs.

Conclusion(s)

Presence of negatively charged phospholipids cannot be considered universal characteristics of MPs in pregnancy. MPs may reflect the vascular injury characterizing GVC pathology.     

系统超声在诊断晚期妊娠胎儿宫内发育迟缓中的应用

目的:探讨系统超声在诊断晚期妊娠胎儿宫内发育迟缓中的应用价值。方法:回顾性分析3 900例妊娠32～40周孕妇行系统超声检查结果,并对部分检查异常者进行随访。结果:30例孕妇胎儿宫内发育迟缓孕期合并症以胎儿畸形最多,占33.33%;胎儿宫内发育迟缓组孕妇年龄高于非迟缓组(P<0.05);IUGR组S/D值高于非IUGR组S/D值(P<0.01),匀称型胎儿宫内发育迟缓例数多于非匀称型宫内发育迟缓(χ2=4.27,P<0.05);IUGR组孕周低于非IUGR组(P<0.05)。结论:彩色多普勒超声检查对产科诊断胎儿宫内发育迟缓,了解胎儿宫内发育迟缓的胎儿情况,起着重要的作用,是产科胎儿监测中不可缺少的部分。适当年龄怀孕及避免环境污染,对降低胎儿宫内发育迟缓发生有着关键影响。     

处理后精液参数对夫精人工授精结局的影响

目的探讨精子形态学变化及处理后前向运动精子总数(PTMS)对以男性因素为主的宫腔内人工授精(IUI)妊娠结局的影响。方法回顾性分析163例共266个男性因素为适应证的IUI周期,依照注入活动精子数分比较各组妊娠率,同时按Krüger’s精子形态学严格标准法比较精子正常形态率对IUI妊娠率的影响。结果 266个周期中,临床妊娠39周期,周期妊娠率为14.66%,PTMS<10×106(A组)、10×106≤PTMS<20×106(B组)、PTMS≥20×106(C组)这三组发热妊娠率分别为8.57%、12.87%和21.05%,其中A组和C组比较差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),而精子正常形态<2%(Ⅰ组)、2%~4.5%(Ⅱ组)、5%~14.5%(Ⅲ组)、≥15%(Ⅳ组)这四组的妊娠率分别为3.03%、15.23%、15.11%和20.83%,第Ⅰ组和第Ⅳ组比较具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论在男性因素为主的IUI周期中,精子正常形态率<2%及精液处理后PTMS<10×106时周期临床妊娠率明显下降。     

人工流产术后宫腔粘连55例临床研究

目的:探讨和分析宫腔镜下治疗人工流产术后宫腔粘连的疗效和预后。方法:回顾性分析55例宫腔粘连患者的临床资料。结果:治疗后,患者月经量明显改善,术前月经量少的患者其改善率高于术前闭经患者的改善率(P<0.05);随访2年,宫腔粘连不同程度患者的妊娠率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:宫腔镜下行粘连分离术不但可以有效改善患者月经量,而且基本不影响患者的妊娠能力,其安全可靠,值得临床参考和应用。