pH电极位置对反流性食管炎酸监测的影响

为探讨ｐＨ电极位置对反流性食管炎酸监测的影响,将６０例反流性食管炎随机分为对照（Ｃ）组和试验（Ｔ）组。 Ｃ组 ３０例用测压法将 ｐＨ电极置于下食管括约肌（ＬＥＳ）上缘 ５ ｃｍ处;Ｔ组 ３０例用 ｐＨ梯度法将电极放于胃食管连接处（ＧＥＪ）上方 ５ ｃｍ处。连续 ２４ ｈ ｐＨ监测。结果显示,Ｃ与Ｔ组前鼻孔至ＧＥＪ平均距离分别为（４６． ２±４．１） ｃｍ与（４６． ５±４． ５） ｃｍ,两者无明显差异（Ｐ＝０． ８）。两组前鼻孔至ＧＥＪ平均距离（４６． ３±４． ３） ｃｍ比 Ｃ组前鼻孔至ＬＥＳ上缘平均距离（４３． ３±３． １） ｃｍ低 ３． ０ ｃｍ（Ｐ＝０． ０００３）。食管酸监测的 ｐＨ＜４,总百分时间和总计分在Ｔ组（８．５和 ４５． ５）和Ｔ组中ＧＥＪ＞ＬＥＳ上缘＋３ ｃｍ和＜－３ｃｍ范围者（１０． ０和 ９９． ３）较Ｃ组（４． ８和 ２６． ３）均有明显增高, Ｐ均＜０． ０１）,而Ｔ组中ＧＥＪ≤ＬＥＳ上缘＋３ ｃｍ和≥－３ ｃｍ范围者（７． １和 ３９． ４）则无明显差异（ Ｐ均＞０． ０５）。研究结果表明,因 ＧＥＪ常比 ＬＥＳ上缘偏低,故以 ＧＥＪ安放电极（尤其是ＧＥＪ＞ＬＥＳ上缘 ＋ ３ｃｍ或＜－ ３ｃｍ范围者）对反流性食管炎行 ｐＨ监测时     

Determination of microviscosity and location of 1,3-Di(1-pyrenyl)propane in brain membranes

We determined the microviscosity of synaptosomal plasma membrane vesicles (SPMV) isolated from bovine cerebral cortex and liposomes of total lipids (SPMTL) and phospholipids (SPMPL) extracted from SPMV. Changes in the microviscosity induced by the range and rate of lateral diffusion were measured by the intramolecular excimerization of 1,3-di(1-pyrenyl)-propane (Py-3-Py). The microviscosity values of the direct probe environment in SPMV, SPMTL and SPMPL were 38.17, 31.11 and 27.64 cP, respectively, at 37°C and the activation energies (E_a) of the excimer formation of Py-3-Py in SPMV, SPMTL and SPMPL were 8.236, 7.448 amd 7.025 kcal/mol, respectively. Probe location was measured by polarity and polarizability parameters of the probe Py-3-Py and probe analogues, pyrene, 1-pyrenenonanol and 1-pyrenemethyl-3β-hydroxy-22,23-bisnor-5-cholenate (PMC), incorporated into membranes or solubilized in reference solvents. There existed a good linear relationship between the first absorption peak of the¹L_a band and the polarizability parameter (n ²−1)/(2n ²+1). The calculated refractive index values for SPMV, SPMTL and SPMPL were close to 1.50, which is higher than that of liquid paraffin (n=1.475). The probe location was also determined by using a polarity parameter (f−1/2f¹). Here f=(ε−1)/(2ε+1) is the dielectric constant function and f'=(n ²−1)/(2n ²+1) is the refractive index function. A correlation existed between the monomer fluorescence intensity ratio and the solvent polarity parameter. The probes incorporated in SPMV, SPMTL, and SPMPL report a polarity value close to that of 1-hexanol (ε=13.29). In conclusion, Py-3-Py is located completely inside the membrane, not in the very hydrophobic core, but displaced toward the polar head groups of phospholipid molecules, e.g., central methylene region of aliphatic chains of phospholipid molecules.     

A Simple and Rapid Fluorometric Determination Method of α1-Acid Glycoprotein in Serum Using Quinaldine Red

We examined different fluorescent probes suitable for fluorometric determination of ₁-acid glycoprotein (AGP) in serum. Quinaldine red (QR) was shown to bind strongly and selectively to AGP. Taking advantage of the enhanced fluorescence of QR in the presence of AGP, we developed a direct method for the determination of serum AGP without removal of other serum proteins such as albumin. AGP concentrations in serum of healthy volunteers and patients correlated well with results from the conventional single radial immunodiffusion (SRID) method (r = 0.93, slope = 1). The newly developed method is faster and has a larger analytical concentration range than the SRID method. This method can also be used to determine AGP in serum of experimental animals, and it can serve to monitor AGP serum concentrations for pharmacokinetic evaluation of basic drugs.     

DNA探针板杂交法检测临床标本中结核杆菌的应用

目的：在酶标板上进行ＤＮＡ探针杂交,评价其在检测临床标本中结核杆菌的应用价值。方法：收集７１份结核性标本和３２份非结核性标本,进行ＤＮＡ扩增,把扩增产物分别进行电泳和ＤＮＡ探针杂交,比较其结果。结果：７１份结核性标本电泳法阳性率为４５１％,ＤＮＡ探针法阳性率为６９０％;３２份非结核性标本二者均为阴性。结论：ＤＮＡ探针杂交可提高临床标本中结核杆菌的阳性检出率,是结核病早期诊断的一种新方法。     

直肠电刺激对上运动神经元损伤后痉挛状态的疗效研究

研究直肠电刺激（RPES）对上运动神经元损伤后痉挛状态的疗效。对10例脊髓损伤（SCI）后痉挛患者,10例偏瘫后痉挛患者进行RPES治疗,在治疗前及治疗后1h,对SCI患者双下肢、偏瘫患者患侧下肢进行康复评分和步态、步行能力观察。结果：经RPES治疗后,SCI患者下肢Ashworth评分、Clonus评分显著降低,患者出现步态改善和步行能力提高,偏瘫患者患侧下肢康复评分无显著变化。采用RPES治疗,对降低SCI后痉挛状态有较好的疗效,对偏瘫后痉挛状态无明显治疗作用。     

神经生长因子高亲和力受体互补核糖核酸探针的研究

目的 制备用地高辛标记的神经生长因子高亲和力受体(Trk A)正、反义互补核糖核酸(cRNA)探针的研究。方法 设计Trk A引物，构建pGEM-T Easy-Trk A重组质粒，分别用ApaI和SacI进行酶切得到线性DNA片段，以SP6和T7RNA聚合酶转录合成带有地高辛标记的高比活度的正、反义单链cRNA探针。结果 经斑点杂交证实，该探针敏感性高、特异性强。Trk A-ApaⅠ探针稀释12500倍后的浓度为40ng／μl；Trk A-SacⅠ稀释1：2500倍后的浓度为8ng/μl。结论 成功制备了地高辛标记的Trk A cRNA探针，为毒理学中有关Trk A mRNA在组织、细胞的表达和分布的研究提供了有效工具。     

地高辛标记探针检测重组双功能水蛭素中的DNA残留量

为检测注射用重组双功能水蛭素半成品中的DNA残留量，应用地高辛标记重组双功能水蛭素工程菌DNA，并以此为DNA探针进行点杂交，同时做特异性及灵敏度实验，结果表明，该方法检测最低限值可达1pg,且重复性好，特异性强，操作较简便，可用于双功能水蛭素制备工艺的质控及半成品的检定。     

消化道肿瘤患者手术前后肠道通透性检测的临床意义

目的了解消化道肿瘤患者手术治疗前后肠道通透性的改变,探讨肠黏膜屏障功能是否受腹部手术的影响。方法选择手术治疗消化道肿瘤患者16例,在术前、术后1周口服乳果糖、甘露醇液后采集6小时尿样,尿样和乳果糖、甘露醇的标准样经肟化处理后通过气相色谱分析仪糖分子探针法进行检测分析其含量及比值。结果甘露醇峰、乳果糖峰出峰时间稳定,峰面积随含量增加而增加,并且呈线性相关;消化道肿瘤手术前后尿样中的乳果糖含量和乳果糖/甘露醇有显著性差异,乳果糖含量增高,而甘露醇含量手术前后无显著性差异。结论消化道肿瘤手术会导致肠黏膜通透性增加,出现肠黏膜屏障功能损害。     

反向点杂交快速检测流感嗜血杆菌

目的　研究以分子杂交为基础的流感嗜血杆菌 (Hi)的快速检测方法。方法　将Hi探针固定在尼龙膜上 ;用标记有地高辛的细菌通用引物聚合酶链反应 (PCR)扩增不同细菌DNA ,产物分别与点有探针的膜条杂交。结果　 8种细菌均扩增出 4 6 8bp目的带 ,而人白细胞及轮状病毒DNA扩增均阴性。 6株Hi杂交阳性 ,7株其他临床常见菌杂交结果阴性。结论　反向点杂交法简便、快速、准确 ,是检测Hi的一种理想方法。