注射用益气复脉治疗分水岭脑梗死的效果分析

目的 观察注射用益气复脉治疗急性分水岭脑梗死的临床效果.方法 80例急性分水岭脑梗死患者完全随机分为观察组（40例）,对照组（40例）.2组均给予抗血小板聚集、调脂、调控血压、改善微循环及保护脑细胞等治疗,观察组在此基础上加用注射用益气复脉,5.2 g/d静脉滴注,共10 d.治疗前后应用美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表（NIHSS）进行神经功能缺损评分.结果 2组患者治疗后NIHSS评分均低于本组治疗前[观察组（8.4±2.5）分比（13.2±2.3）分,对照组（9.6±3.2）分比（13.4±2.7）分],观察组治疗后NIHSS评分明显低于对照组（P＜0.05）.观察组治疗有效率为85.0％（34/40）,明显高于对照组的65.0％ （26/40）（P＜0.05）.2组均无明显不良反应.结论 注射用益气复脉治疗分水岭脑梗死安全、有效.     

高压氧舱内不同压力治疗出血放射性膀胱炎的效果观察

目的 探讨高压氧舱内不同压力治疗出血放射性膀胱炎的临床效果。方法 选取45例药物治疗无效的出血放射性膀胱炎患者,将其分为观察组（23例）与对照组（22例）,实行高压氧舱内不同压力供氧治疗,观察组采取0．16MPa．吸纯氧70min,对照组采取0．1MPa,吸纯氧60min,1次／d,持续20～30次。观察尿液中的红细胞计数,发生尿管堵塞及膀胱痉挛的情况,比较两组的总有效率。结果 治疗3d后观察组尿管堵塞率、膀胱痉挛率、尿红细胞计数均明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。观察组总有效率为95．7％,对照组总有效率为77．3％,两组差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。结论 高压氧治疗出血放射性膀胱炎,采用0．16MPa比0．1MPa能有效达到止血效果,降低膀胱痉挛的发生,提高治愈率。     

NIHSS在脑梗死静脉溶栓中的应用

目的：探讨美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表（NIHSS）在脑梗死尿激酶静脉溶栓中的应用与评估功能恢复的预测价值。方法对发病〈4.5 h急性脑梗死患者符合溶栓条件并家属签字同意后行尿激酶静脉溶栓,在入出院时进行NIHSS评定及90 d后行改良Rankin量表评定临床预后及独立生活能力。结果溶栓前平均NIHSS为（14±5）分,溶栓后24 h平均NIHSS为（7±6）分,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。结论 NIHSS应用于溶栓中可预测临床转归。     

纤维支气管镜应用于重症脑卒中伴肺部感染的临床观察

目的探讨纤维支气管镜治疗重症脑卒中伴肺部感染患者的临床效果,为临床诊疗提供经验交流。方法选取本院2011年1~12月收治的43例脑卒中伴肺部感染者,设为对照组,给予常规吸痰及抗感染治疗;选取本院2012年1~12月收治的47例脑卒中伴肺部感染患者,设为研究组,在对照组治疗的基础上给予纤维支气管镜下吸痰和抗生素支气管肺泡灌洗治疗。记录两组的肺部炎症消失时间和治疗前后RR、HR、PaO2及PaCO2值的变化情况。结果治疗后2 h,研究组患者的RR、HR、PaCO2值均低于治疗前(P<0.05),PaO2值高于治疗前(P<0.05)。治疗后2周末,研究组各指标均优于对照组(P<0.05)。研究组肺部炎症消失时间短于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论纤维支气管下吸痰及给药治疗重症脑卒中伴肺部感染,能够有效控制肺部感染,促进病情转归,取得较为满意的临床效果。     

低分子肝素钙联合双抗治疗进展性缺血性脑卒中疗效观察

目的：观察低分子肝素钙联合双抗治疗进展性缺血性脑卒中的临床效果。方法将100例进展性缺血性脑卒中患者随机分为观察组和对照组各50例。观察组采用氯吡格雷及拜阿司匹林与低分子肝素钙联合治疗,对照组采用血塞通常规治疗。观察2组患者治疗前后纤维蛋白原（Fg）水平、凝血酶原时间（PT）及神经功能缺损评分变化。结果观察组治疗总有效率为94％高于对照组的70％,差异有统计学意义（P ﹤0.05）;2组疗前 Fg、PT 比较差异无统计学意义（P ﹥0.05）,疗后2周,观察组 Fg 水平低于对照组,PT 大于对照组,差异均有统计学意义（P ﹤0.05）;治疗前2组患者神经功能缺损评分比较差异无统计学意义（P ﹥0.05）,治疗后观察组神经功能缺损评分低于对照组（P ﹤0.05）。结论采用低分子肝素钙联合双抗血小板治疗进展性缺血性脑卒中,可改善神经神经功能缺损情况,提高临床治疗效果,改善脑微循环,对改善患者预后有非常重要的价值。     

Mortality and Long-Term Outcome of Neonates with Congenital Heart Disease and Acute Perinatal Stroke: A Population-Based Case-Control Study

Objective: Neonates with congenital heart disease (CHD) and perinatal stroke have high mortality and survivors are at risk for poor long-term neurodevelopmental outcome. The aim of this study was to assess the risk factors and outcome of neonates with both CHD and MRI-confirmed perinatal stroke (Study Group) and compare those to the risk factors and outcome of infants matched for CHD without stroke (Control-1) and of infants matched for MRI-confirmed stroke without CHD (Control-2). Methods: We conducted a population-based case-control study enrolling 28 term neonates with CHD and MRI-confirmed acute perinatal stroke born between 2007–2017 in the Central-Hungarian Region. Each of the control groups included 56 infants. The Bayley Scales of Infant Development-II, the Brunet-Lézine test and the Binet Intelligence scales-V were used for neurodevelopmental follow-up at a median age of 61 months. Results: Mortality was highest in the Study Group (25% compared to 5% and 2%, respectively, p = 0.001). Adverse neurodevelopmental outcome was prevalent in the Study (53%) and Control-2 Groups (52%, p = 0.03). Significantly different parameters among the three groups included Apgar scores, mode of delivery, gestational age at birth, cardiac interventions and twin pregnancy. In a multivariable regression analysis adjusted for clinically relevant parameters, patients in the Study Group had significantly higher odds for mortality compared to patients in the Control-1 Group (OR: 6.5 95% CI: 1.1–39.4). Conclusions: Neonates with perinatal stroke and CHD are at a higher risk for dying compared to neonates with CHD without stroke. In addition, the stroke-associated direct insult to the brain likely plays an important role in the development of neurodevelopmental morbidity in these patients.     

Blood pressure variability and outcome in acute severe stroke: A post hoc analysis of CHASE—A randomized controlled trial

The influence of blood pressure variability (BPV) on outcomes in patients with severe stroke is still largely unsettled. Using the data of CHASE trial, the authors calculated the BPV during the acute phase and subacute phase of severe stroke, respectively. The primary outcome was to investigate the relationship between BPV and 90‐day modified Rankin scale (mRS) ≥ 3. The BPV was assessed by eight measurements including standard deviation (SD), mean, maximum, minimum, coefficient of variation (CV), successive variation (SV), functional successive variation (FSV), and average real variability (ARV). Then, the SD of SBP was divided into quintiles and compared the quintile using logistic regression in three models. The acute phase included 442 patients, and the subacute phase included 390 patients. After adjustment, six measurements of BPV during the subacute phase rather than acute phase were strongly correlated with outcomes including minimum (odds ratio [OR]: 0.83, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.69‐0.99, p = .037), SD (OR: 1.10, 95% CI: 1.03‐1.17, p = .007), CV (OR: 1.12, 95% CI: 1.03‐1.23, p = .012), ARV (OR: 1.13, 95% CI: 1.05‐1.20, p < .001), SV (OR: 1.09, 95% CI: 1.04‐1.15, p = .001), and FSV (OR: 1.12, 95% CI: 1.05‐1.19, p = .001). In the logistic regression, the highest fifth of SD of SBP predicted poor outcome in all three models. In conclusion, the increased BPV was strongly correlated with poor outcomes in the subacute phase of severe stroke, and the magnitude of association was progressively increased when the SD of BP was above 12.