长链非编码RNA HOTAIR在宫颈癌中的相关研究进展

长链非编码RNA(lncRNA)是一类转录长度大于200个核苷酸的非编码RNA分子,其在机体内广泛参与细胞内基因的表达与调控,调控机体的多种生理、病理过程。近年来,多项研究显示lncRNA的异常表达在肿瘤的发生发展中起着重要作用。其中,HOX转录反义RNA(HOTAIR)作为lncRNA中的一种,其表达与多个肿瘤转移密切相关,尤其在宫颈癌的迁移、侵袭、转移和复发中起着关键作用。HOTAIR可能为宫颈癌潜在的新型肿瘤标记物,因此,明确其与宫颈癌的关系及其在宫颈癌的临床诊断、治疗及预后中的作用,具有重要价值,故本文就HOTAIR与宫颈癌关系的相关研究进展做一简要综述。     

LncRNA HOTAIR promotes human liver cancer stem cell malignant growth through downregulation of SETD2

Long non-coding RNA HOTAIR predicts negative tumor prognosis and exhibits oncogenic activity. Herein, we demonstrate HOTAIR promotes human liver cancer stem cell malignant growth through downregulation of SETD2. Mechanistically, HOTAIR reduces the recuritment of the CREB, P300, RNA polII onto the SETD2 promoter region that inhibits SETD2 expression and its phosphorylation. Thereby, the SETD2 binding capacity to substrate histone H3 is weakened, triggering a reduction of trimethylation on histone H3 thirty-sixth lysine, and thereby the H3K36me3–hMSH2-hMSH6-SKP2 complex is also decreased. Strikingly, the complex occupancy on chromosome is depressed, preventing from mismatch DNA repair. While reducing the degradation capacity of Skp₂ for aging histone H3 bound to damaged DNA, the aging histone repair is impaired. Furthermore, that the damaged DNA escaped to repair can causes microsatellite instability(MSI) and abnormal expression of cell cycle related genes that may trigger the hepatocarcinogenesis. This study provides evidence for HOTAIR to promote tumorigenesis via downregulating SETD2 in liver cancer stem cells.     

lncRNA HOTAIR通过miR-519d-3p/CCND1 分子轴促进乳腺癌SKBR3细胞的恶性生物学行为

目的：探究lncRNA HOTAIR/miR-519d-3p/CCND1 分子轴对乳腺癌细胞增殖和转移的影响及其可能机制。方法：收集2017 年3 月至2019 年2 月南昌市第三医院乳腺外科手术切除的乳腺癌患者的乳腺癌组织及配对癌旁组织各50 例，qPCR检测癌及癌旁组织中HOTAIR 的表达水平，乳腺正常上皮细胞及乳腺癌细胞系中HOTAIR 和miR-519d-3p 的表达水平。将乳腺癌SKBR3 细胞分为NC 组、si-HOTAIR 组、miR-519d-3p mimics 组，miR-519d-3p mimics+pcHOTAIR 组、miR-519d-3p mimics+pcCCND1 组和si-HOTAIR+pcCCND1 组，CCK-8 法检测各组SKBR3 细胞增殖能力、Transwell 检测细胞侵袭和迁移能力、Western blotting 检测SKBR3 细胞中E-cadherin、N-cadherin、Vimentin 以及CCND1 表达水平。双荧光素酶报告基因检测HOTAIR 和miR-519d-3p 以及miR-519d-3p 和CCND1 的靶向关系。结果：HOTAIR在癌组织以及乳腺癌细胞系中呈高表达，且在SKBR3 细胞系中表达最高。敲降HOTAIR可显著抑制SKBR3 细胞增殖、侵袭和迁移，并显著增加E-cadherin 的表达水平、降低N-cadherin 和Vimentin的表达水平（均P<0.05）。双荧光素酶报告基因检测显示，HOTAIR 靶向下调miR-519d-3p 的表达，miR-519d-3p 靶向下调CCND1 的表达。敲降HOTAIR可增强miR-519d-3p 对CCND1 的下调作用，抑制SKBR3 细胞EMT、增殖、侵袭和迁移能力（均P<0.05）。结论：敲降HOTAIR可抑制SKBR3 细胞增殖和转移，其机制是通过调控miR-519d-3p/CCND1 分子轴实现的。     

长链非编码RNA HOTAIR,H19,HULC联合检测对HBV相关肝癌的诊断价值

目的探讨长链非编码RNA HOTAIR,H19,HULC联合检测对HBV相关肝癌的诊断价值。方法将早期HBV相关肝癌患者120例作为肿瘤组、健康体检者120例作为对照组。通过实时荧光定量PCR检测长链非编码RNA HOTAIR,H19,HULC的表达量。用受试者工作特征曲线(receiver operating characteristic curve,ROC)的AUC分析长链非编码RNA HOTAIR,H19,HULC表达量在早期HBV相关肝癌中的诊断意义。结果HBV相关肝癌患者血清中长链非编码RNA HOTAIR,H19,HULC的表达量均高于健康体检者(P<0.05)。长链非编码RNA HOTAIR,H19,HULC鉴别早期HBV相关肝癌患者与健康人群的灵敏度分别为86%,89%,91%,特异度分别为85%,90%,93%;长链非编码RNA HOTAIR,H19,HULC联合鉴别诊断早期HBV相关肝癌的灵敏度为91.67%,特异度为93.33%,准确度为92.50%。结论长链非编码RNA HOTAIR,H19,HULC的表达量可作为诊断早期HBV相关肝癌的潜在标志。     

Low long non-coding RNA HOTAIR expression is associated with down-regulation of Nrf2 in the spermatozoa of patients with asthenozoospermia or oligoasthenozoospermia

HOTAIR, a long noncoding RNA, regulates development and progression of tumor cells and function of normal stem cells. However, the role and the molecular mechanism of HOTAIR in the spermatozoa of patients with asthenozoospermia and oligoasthenozoospermia are still unclear. Herein, 45 healthy control, 45 asthenozoospermic patients and 45 oligoasthenozoospermic patients were enrolled. Initially, through analyzing HOTAIR expression, we observed a decreased level of HOTAIR expression in patients. Subsequently, we found that there was a positive correlation between HOTAIR expression and Nrf2 expression in patients. The low expression of HOTAIR was also observed to be associated with specific sperm function parameters, including motility and vitality. In the ejaculated spermatozoa from patients, low level of histone H4 acetylation of the Nrf2 gene promoter was observed. Finally, we found that downregulation of HOTAIR expression reduced histone H4 acetylation in Nrf2 promoter and Nrf2 expression. Therefore, this study demonstrated that HOTAIR expression was low in the spermatozoa of patients with asthenozoospermia and oligoasthenozoospermia, which resulted in down-regulation of Nrf2 expression. Our data suggested the decrease of HOTAIR expression led to ROS related defects in sperm function.     

LncRNA HOTAIR、HOTTIP及其下游HOXD10、HOXA13基因在肺癌中的表达研究

目的探讨HOTAIR和HOTTIP及其下游HOXD10和HOXA13基因在肺癌中的表达特征以及相互调控的关系.方法选择47例肺癌患者并收集癌组织和癌旁正常组织,利用TRIzol提取总RNA,实时荧光定量PCR检测基因相对表达量.结果 HOTAIR在癌组织中的相对表达量（4.12±4.58）,显著低于癌旁正常组织（7.43±4.20）,（P〈0.01）,HOXA13在癌组织中的相对表达量（8.64±1.21）,显著降低低于癌旁正常组织（9.43±1.58）,（P〈0.01）,其他两个基因表达无显著变化.在有淋巴转移的个体中,癌组织中HOXD10 mRNA表达为（9.01±1.22）,显著高于无转移的患者（7.81±2.15）,（P=0.02）.HOTTIP与下游HOXA13基因RNA在癌组织（r=0.78,P=0.00）和癌旁正常组织（r=0.70,P〈0.01）中均存在正相关关系;HOTAIR与下游HOXD10基因mRNA在癌旁正常组织中成正相关（r=0.37,P〈0.01）,在癌组织中却不存在相关关系（r=0.12,P=0.47）.结论提示在肺癌中HOTTIP与HOXA13调控关系正常;HOTAIR在癌组织中表达降低,且可能丧失对下游基因HOXD10的正常调控.     

姜黄素抑制肺癌细胞A549上皮间质转化的机制研究

目的 探讨姜黄素对肺癌细胞A549上皮间质转化的影响。方法 姜黄素诱导肺癌细胞A549 24 h,CCK-8法检测A549细胞活性,Transwell实验检测A549细胞迁移、侵袭的能力,Western blotting检测上皮间质转化标志蛋白的相对表达量,实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应（qRT-PCR）检测HOTAIR、E-cadherin、N-cadherin及Snail mRNA的相对表达量,测序方法检测姜黄素诱导后lncRNA表达的变化,实验验证介导姜黄素发挥作用的具体非编码RNA,分析HOTAIR与临床病理参数之间的关系。结果 CCK-8法检测结果显示,姜黄素诱导肺癌细胞A549 24 h后,不同浓度组肺癌细胞A549的OD值比较,差异有统计学意义（P <0.05）,随着姜黄素浓度的升高,OD值降低。Transwell结果显示,姜黄素诱导肺癌细胞A549 24 h后,姜黄素诱导组抑制肺癌细胞A549的侵袭、迁移,与对照组比较,差异有统计学意义（P <0.05）。Western blotting和qRT-PCR检测结果显示,姜黄素诱导组的间质表型基因和蛋白（E-cadherin、N-cadherin、Snail）与对照组比较,差异有统计学意义（P <0.05）,N-cadherin、Snail相对表达量下降,E-cadherin相对表达量升高。癌旁正常组和肺癌组中HOTAIR的相对表达量比较,差异有统计学意义（P <0.05）,肺癌组高于癌旁正常组。测序检测和qRT-PCR结果显示,姜黄素抑制HOTAIR的表达。分析HOTAIR在肺癌组织中的表达及其与临床病理参数之间的关系显示,HOTAIR的表达与TNM分期、分化程度、淋巴结转移密切相关。对照组、姜黄素诱导组、姜黄素诱导+HOTAIR过表达组A549细胞OD值比较,差异有统计学意义（P <0.05）。结论 姜黄素有效抑制肺癌细胞A549的增殖、侵袭及迁移,姜黄素抑制lncRNA HOTAIR表达,姜黄素抑制肺癌细胞A549上皮间质转化是通过HOTAIR实现的。