豚草花粉变应原致过敏性鼻炎豚鼠模型的建立

为了建立豚草花粉变应原致过敏性鼻炎的实验动物模型,将健康豚鼠42只,随机分为致敏组(n=32)和对照组(n=10).致敏组经腹腔、四肢皮下注射豚草花粉变应原免疫4周后,鼻腔滴入豚草花粉变应原;对照组以生理盐水代替变应原.结果致敏组28只出现鼻痒、喷嚏、流清涕等过敏性鼻炎的临床体征(评分》5分),鼻腔分泌物涂片见大量嗜酸性粒细胞,以及鼻粘膜水肿、粘膜嗜酸性粒细胞和肥大细胞浸润等组织学变化,而对照组无上述变化(P《0.001).本实验建立的豚草花粉变应原致过敏性鼻炎的实验动物模型,为过敏性鼻炎,特别是豚草花粉变应原所致的过敏性鼻炎的诊断、治疗及研究工作提供了有力的方法及形态学依据.     

实验性豚鼠炎性胸膜腔积液模型的建立

目的：建立一种炎性胸膜腔积液（简称胸液）的动物模型。方法：选择40只豚鼠分为8组,第1－7组为试验组,第8组为对照组,试验组每只左胸膜腔内注入1％角叉菜胶（carrageenan)0.8-1.0ml,分批处死观察。结果：胸液于1天内已经出现,2－3天积液量最多,胸液中中性粒细胞计数及病理切片中胸膜、肺的炎性改变亦达高峰,以后胸液逐渐吸收,第7天开始出现胸膜纤维化与粘连,第10天时明显,14天呈现胸膜包裹。结论：角叉菜胶是一比较理想的胸膜腔致炎剂;该动物模型的建立,为胸液的进一步研究提供了有用的工具。     

广西蓝山工酒的微量元素与氨基酸含量分析

目的：了解广西蓝山药酒（GXLSML）中微量元素及氨基酸的含量,方法：应用等离子体发射光谱法测定GXLSML的微量元素含量及应用游离氨基酸自动分析法测定GXLSML中的氨基酸含量,结果：GXISML富含有锌（Zn),铁（Fe),镁（Mg）,钙（Ca),铜（Cu),磷（P）,硒（Ce),锗（Ge)等人体必需的微量元素,GXLSML含17种以上氨基酸,其中7种以人体必需氨基酸,2种为人体半必需氨基酸,GXLSML中总氨基酸含量为17.18mg/10ml,其中必需氨基酸和半需氨基酸含量占总氨基酸的43％,结论：GXLSML含有多种人体必需的微量元素和氨基酸,利用人体的保健作用。     

Pig kidney xenotransplantation: Progress toward clinical trials

Pig organ xenotransplantation offers a solution to the shortage of deceased human organs for transplantation. The pathobiological response to a pig xenograft is complex, involving antibody, complement, coagulation, inflammatory, and cellular responses. To overcome these barriers, genetic manipulation of the organ‐source pigs has largely been directed to two major aims—(a) deletion of expression of the known carbohydrate xenoantigens against which humans have natural (preformed) antibodies, and (b) transgenic expression of human protective proteins, for example, complement‐ and coagulation‐regulatory proteins. Conventional (FDA‐approved) immunosuppressive therapy is unsuccessful in preventing an adaptive immune response to pig cells, but blockade of the CD40:CD154 costimulation pathway is successful. Survival of genetically engineered pig kidneys in immunosuppressed nonhuman primates can now be measured in months. Non‐immunological aspects, for example, pig renal function, a hypovolemia syndrome, and rapid growth of the pig kidney after transplantation, are briefly discussed. We suggest that patients on the wait‐list for a deceased human kidney graft who are unlikely to receive one due to long waiting times are those for whom kidney xenotransplantation might first be considered. The potential risk of infection, public attitudes to xenotransplantation, and ethical, regulatory, and financial aspects are briefly addressed.     

广西壮族7~12岁小学生不同身体成分与心肺耐力的关联分析

目的 了解广西壮族7~12岁小学生不同身体成分与心肺耐力之间存在的关联,为小学生心肺耐力促进和干预提供参考和借鉴。方法 采用分层随机整群抽样的方法,以广西壮族3 877名7~12岁小学生为调查对象,进行身体成分和心肺耐力的测试与评价。结果 广西壮族7~12岁小学生身体成分的体质量指数为（16.85±2.41）kg/m²、腰围（58.06±9.00）cm、体型指数（0.08±0.01）。心肺耐力的20米往返跑次数为（16.21±7.69）laps、最大摄氧量（43.76±2.54）ml/（kg·min）。不同体质量指数小学生心肺耐力的20米往返跑次数、最大摄氧量成绩相比较,差异均有统计学意义（F值为13.124、25.511,P＜0.01）;不同腰围方面相比较,差异也有统计学意义（F值为223.762、216.741,P＜0.01）;不同体型指数方面相比较,差异也有统计学意义（F值为88.285、45.992,P＜0.01）。线性回归分析表明,身体成分的体质量指数（β=-0.072）、腰围（β=-0.075）、体型指数（β=-0.036）均能有效预测小学生的最大摄氧量水平。结论 广西壮族7~12岁小学生身体成分的体质量指数、腰围、体型指数均能有效预测VO2max水平,存在关联。     

“十三五”以来广西村卫生室卫生资源配置公平性分析

目的 评价广西“十三五”以来村卫生室卫生资源配置公平性,为优化村卫生室卫生资源配置提供依据。方法 运用洛伦兹曲线、基尼系数、泰尔指数,从人口和地理两个角度,分析2016—2019年广西村卫生室卫生资源配置状况及公平性。结果 2016—2019年,广西村卫生室卫生资源数量逐年减少并低于同期全国、东部、中部和西部平均水平。桂北与桂东地区卫生资源拥有量较高,桂西地区较少。各卫生资源指标的基尼系数按人口分布在0.113 2～0.484 3之间;按按地理分布在0.371 7～0.652 6之间。总泰尔指数在0.225 2～0.791 6之间,区域内的泰尔指数贡献率大于区域间。结论 广西村卫生室卫生资源总量不足,分布存在地区差异;卫生资源配置按人口分布的公平性优于按地理分布;卫生资源配置的不公平性主要受区域内差异的影响。     

哮喘豚鼠初级传入神经元ERK的表达及NGF的调节作用

目的　探讨细胞外信号调节蛋白激酶 (ERK)在哮喘豚鼠初级传入神经元 (C7 T5脊神经节 )的表达及神经生长因子 (NGF)对ERK的调节作用。方法　利用免疫组织化学结合显微图像分析 ,研究哮喘豚鼠C7 T5脊神经节活化的ERK免疫反应变化。结果　与对照组相比 ,哮喘组豚鼠活化ERK免疫反应在C7 T5脊神经节神经元核内明显上调 (P <0 .0 1) ,其阳性细胞比率明显高于对照组。Anti NGF组豚鼠活化ERK免疫反应在C7 T5脊神经节神经元的核中明显低于哮喘组 (P <0 .0 1)。结论　C7 T5脊神经节神经元活化的ERK可能参与哮喘的发病过程 ,NGF可上调哮喘豚鼠C7 T5脊神经节神经元活化的ERK表达     

Quantification and preservation of lectin binding by isolated cardiomyocytes

During preparation of cells for experimentation a considerable amount of bound substance is lost. Our aim was to develop a protocol which retained lectin binding to an extent similar to living cells. This procedure would use fixation procedures suited for fluorescent lectin conjugates and gold-conjugates to be visualized by light- and electron microscopy, respectively. We tested glutaraldehyde and paraformaldehyde in different concentrations before and after lectin binding, different buffers and divalent cations, as additives, to determine the effects on preservation of lectin binding. Lectin binding was visualized and semiquantitatively evaluated by image analysis in the light microscope after silver enhancement of lectin-gold conjugates and by using tetramethyl rhodaminyl isothiocyanate (TRITC)-conjugated lectins. Preservation of lectin binding was best visualized with fluorescent lectin conjugates, whereas during silver enhancement procedures of gold-conjugated lectins, a considerable amount of bound lectins was lost. In general, lectin binding to living cells followed by fixation is superior to fixation before lectin binding. Unfavourable combinations of fixatives and buffers can cause a loss of more than 90% bound lectin. In our experiments with freshly isolated guinea pig cardiomyocytes, lectin binding was best when we used Na-cacodylate buffer with glutaraldehyde fixation (0.1%) after binding of lectins to the living cells.