病毒性脑炎患者S-100b蛋白浓度与临床的相关性

目的 观察病毒性脑炎急性和恢复期患者血液和脑脊液的S-100b蛋白浓度变化，探讨其与异常脑电图和影像学低密度灶体积等方面的相关性。方法 42例病毒性脑炎住院患者为观察组，25例与观察组相匹配的阑尾或胆囊摘除手术病人以及健康体检者为对照组，采用双抗体夹心ELISA法，检测其血液及脑脊液100b蛋白浓度；并应用SPSS10．0统计软件包进行统计学分析。结果病毒性脑炎急性期患者血液和脑脊液S-100b蛋白显著高于恢复期患者和对照组（P〈0．01）；血液和脑脊液S-100b蛋白浓度与低密度灶体积均呈显著正相关（rCSF=0．756，P〈0．01；r血液=0．685，P〈0．01）；轻度、中度及重度异常脑电图患者脑脊液S-100b蛋白浓度均高于血液（P〈0．01）；重度、中度异常脑电图患者血液及脑脊液S-100b蛋白浓度均高于轻度（P〈0．01）。结论脑脊液或血液中的S-100b蛋白浓度反映了神经胶质细胞的损害程度，也是脑组织破坏后较合适的生化标记物，对监测病毒性脑炎患者的病情变化和疗效观察具有重要价值。     

生物素－链霉亲和素系统在检测HBeAg中的比较

应用链霉亲和素和生物素系统发展成的酶连接免疫吸附测定（ＥＬＩＳＡ）改良法检测ＨＢｅＡｇ，取得较满意效果。标记链霉亲和素－辣根过氧化物酶（ＳＡ－ＨＲＰ）时，两者的重量比以（０．５～０．８）：１为佳，浓度以７μｇ／ｍｌ为最理想；ＳＡ－ＨＲＰ的反应时间以３０ｍｉｎ为适宜。本改良法与生物素亲和素ＥＬＩＳＡ（ＢＡ）法、普通ＥＬＩＳＡ法检测ＨＢｅＡｇ的灵敏度比较，其相对灵敏度高于后二者；用Ａｂｂｏｔｔ试剂作为标准，检测ＨＢｅＡｇ１００人份，其阳性率高于ＢＡ法和普通ＥＬＩＳＡ法。提示链霉亲和素ＥＩ，ＩＳＡ（ＢＳＡ）法可提高方法的特异性及灵敏度。     

在非溃疡性消化不良中ELISA法测抗幽门螺旋杆菌抗体的临床意义

非溃疡性消化不良(NUD, non-ulcer dyspepsia)是常见症候群,其病因尚未完全明了。NUD中幽门螺旋杆菌(HP Helicobacter Pylori)相关性胃炎占很大比例。针对该菌产生之抗体反应,应用酶联免疫法(ILISA)检测了335例NUD患者血清抗-HP抗体。其中208例为经细菌培养及(或)组织学检查证实的HP相关性胃炎,对其中164例进行前瞻性随机安慰剂对照研究,以评价胶态次枸橡酸铋加氟哌酸治疗效果.治疗组与安慰剂组HP清除率分别为69％与6％(P<0.01)。HP清除后患者胃粘膜炎症好转或消除,症状明显减轻,抗-HP抗体滴度下降。     

南京口岸1987—1993年艾滋病监测报告

本文报道了南京卫生检疫局1987～1993连续7年对南京口岸重点人群进行艾滋病监测的情况．7年来南京局共监测各类标本43085份，在外籍留学生中检出HIV感染者2例，另外还检出4份进口人血丙种球旦白HIV抗体阳性．该局对检出的2侧HIV感染者及4份阳性进口人血丙种球旦白进行了游行病学调查和处理．并对艾滋病监测管理的有关问题进行了探讨．     

A study on content and distribution of plasma and tissue fibronectin in rats using ELISA and immunofluorescence

Summary The content of plasma fibronectin and tissue extractable fibronectin in normal rats was measured with rocket immunoelectrophoresis and ELISA in the present study. The difference in tissue fibronectin distribution in various organs and the correlation between distribution and content of fibronectin have been studied. We suggest that tissue fibronectin may be a complex component. The change in plasma fibronectin reflects a dynamic balance existing between the tissue fibronectin pool and plasma fibronectin pool in normal rats. Plasma fibronectin and tissue fibronectin concentrations are not static, and they can only be maintained in a relatively stable state in normal rats.     

Broncho-alveolar Lavage Matrix Metalloproteases as a Sensitive Measure of Bronchiolitis Obliterans

Bronchiolitis obliterans (BO) is a survival-limiting factor in lung transplantation. There are no common BO markers in use. Since BO is associated with extracellular matrix remodeling, we asked whether matrix metalloproteases (MMPs) and their tissue inhibitors (TIMPs) could serve as BO markers. In 72 lung transplant patients (34 BO syndrome (BOS) 0, 15 BOS 0-p, and 23 BOS 1) serum and broncho-alveolar lavage (BAL) MMP and TIMP levels were examined by ELISA. The BAL cell counts were additionally analyzed. The serum MMP-2, MMP-8, MMP-9 and TIMP-2 levels were not different in all groups. In contrast, the BAL MMP-8, -9 and TIMP-1 levels were significantly elevated in BOS 0-p (p = 0.003; p = 0.007; p = 0.0003, respectively) and BOS 1 (p = 0.003; p = 0.001; p = 0.0004, respectively) as compared to BOS 0 patients. The BAL MMP-8, -9 and TIMP-1 levels were significant predictors of BOS 0-p (p = 0.01; p = 0.01; p = 0.01, respectively) and BOS-1 (p = 0.007; p = 0.01; p = 0.006, respectively) in receiver operating characteristic analysis. Except for BAL macrophages that were significantly decreased in BOS 0-p versus BOS 0 patients; other cell counts were not different between the groups. BAL MMP-8, -9 and TIMP-1 might be useful markers to detect BO in lung transplant patients.     

Validation of analytical parameters of a competitive direct ELISA for aflatoxin B1 in peanuts

Analytical validation of a competitive direct SUNQuik ELISA with a reference High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) method and other methods including a minicolumn method and the VICAM Aflatest® system for aflatoxin in peanuts was conducted. Both the ELISA and the VICAM Aflatest® system, using the same peanut extracts were analytically comparable with the HPLC method (R=0.998, p<0.000). The minicolumn method was also found to be acceptable as a low cost rapid semi-quantitative test. Despite the large variation in sampling, the correlation between the SUNQuik ELISA and HPLC using the different peanut sub-samples was considered acceptable over the range of 0–1200 µg kg^?1 (R=0.938). No false negatives were found using the SUNQuik ELISA and false positives were either nil or negligible in all the studies conducted. The repeatability of the SUNQuik ELISA run on the same day was good with only±10% deviation. The reproducibility of the SUNQuik ELISA between days was also acceptable, but with a higher deviation. Applying the SUNQuik ELISA for aflatoxin surveys of peanuts in Indonesia proved that the method can deliver high quality, cost- and time-effective analysis with very little establishment capital and maintenance.     

Characteristics of antibody responses induced in mice by protein allergens

Whereas many foreign proteins are immunogenic, only a proportion is also allergenic, having the capacity to induce the quality of immune response necessary to support the production of IgE antibody. We have demonstrated previously that intraperitoneal administration to mice of proteins such as ovalbumin (OVA) or the industrial enzyme A. oryzae lipase, which possess significant allergenic potential, stimulates the production of both IgG and IgE antibody. Identical exposure to bovine serum albumin (BSA), a protein with limited potential to cause immediate respiratory or gastrointestinal hypersensitivity reactions, induced IgG responses only. In the current investigations, the quality of immune responses induced following exposure to these proteins via mucosal tissue (intranasal) has been compared with those provoked following administration via a non-mucosal (intraperitoneal) route of exposure. Intranasal or intraperitoneal administration of BSA, OVA or A. oryzae lipase elicited in each case vigorous IgG and IgG1 antibody responses. For all three proteins, at every concentration tested, and via both routes of exposure, IgG1 antibody titres paralleled closely IgG titres. However, the three materials displayed a differential potential to provoke IgE responses and this correlated with their known allergenic potential in humans. Thus, OVA and A. oryzae lipase stimulated strong IgE antibody responses, whereas BSA provoked low titre IgE only at the highest concentration tested (5% administered intraperitoneally). The quality of induced responses was not affected by the route of exposure. It would appear, therefore, that the stimulation of IgG and IgG1 antibody responses is a reflection of protein immunogenicity whereas protein allergenicity is associated with the induction of strong IgE responses.