反流性食管炎胃肠检查与胃镜对照研究

目的研究数字胃肠造影与胃镜检查在反流性食管炎诊断中的价值。方法采用数字胃肠造影与胃镜分别对286例反流性食管炎进行检查，并对二种检查结果进行对比分析。结果286例反流性食管炎中，数字胃肠造影的表现特征是：早期69例表现为功能性改变，钡剂滞留，食管排空缓慢，出现异常收缩波。中期172例表现为黏膜增粗，呈条状，颗粒状，部分病例有小溃疡形成。晚期45例表现为食管黏膜明显增粗，紊乱，有多个小溃疡，管腔狭窄，钡剂通过受阻，Bar-ret食管形成。胃镜检查食管黏膜充血286例，糜烂融合成片171例，溃疡69例，食管腔狭窄57例。结论数字胃肠检查对食管功能性变化，形态与病变范围，胃对食管的影响较清楚，观察也较全面。胃镜对食管炎腔内病变显示较为理想，特别是对早期食管炎病变的观察，同是亦可做病理检查定性。     

旋覆代赭汤对反流性食管炎模型大鼠食管黏膜组织形态影响的实验研究

[目的]观察旋覆代赭汤对反流性食管炎(RE)模型大鼠食管黏膜组织形态的影响.[方法]将80只Wistar大鼠随机分为正常对照组、模型组、中药治疗组、西药对照组,后3组行"食管十二指肠端侧吻合术",术后1周分别给予0.9%生理盐水、旋覆代赭汤水煎剂和枸橼酸莫沙必利分散片混悬液,连续给药21 d后,检测食管黏膜组织形态.[结果]模型组肉眼及病理积分最高,正常对照组最低,两者比较有显著性差异,中药治疗组及西药对照组肉眼及病理积分均显著降低.两组比较,无显著性差异;两组与模型组相比,均有显著性差异;两组与正常对照组相比,均无显著性差异.[结论]旋覆代赭汤对反流性食管炎有良好的治疗作用,在组织形态学水平上,可明显改善食管黏膜损伤及病理情况.     

贲门癌切除术空肠间置预防返流性食管炎

通过食管镜检查与组织活俭、X线钡餐造影及胃食管返流症状评定等方法，对贲门癌切除空肠间置术42例与贲门癌切除胃食管端端吻合术15例对比分析后，证明空肠间置可预防或减少返流性食管炎。     

Randomized comparative study of omeprazole and famotidine in reflux esophagitis

BACKGROUND: Although proton pump inhibitors (PPI) and H2-receptor antagonists (H2-RA) are routinely used in the treatment of reflux esophagitis (RE), no consensus has been reached yet as to whether the first-choice drug should be PPI or H2-RA. In this study, the effects of omeprazole (OMP) and famotidine (FAM) on RE have been examined in a randomized comparative study. METHODS: Protocols of OMP 20 mg once daily or FAM 20 mg twice daily for 8 weeks were allocated to 56 cases with RE at random, using an envelope randomization method. Their efficacy in achieving healing was examined endoscopically and a relief from subjective symptoms was compared. RESULTS: Patient's background such as sex, age, recurrence, hiatal hernia, smoking and drinking habits, and complications, and the severity of esophagitis at the time of enrolment were not significantly different between the two groups. Healing in the OMP group and the FAM group was observed in 72 and 32% (P = 0.025) of patients at week 4 and 95 and 53% (P = 0.003) of patients at week 8, respectively. Subjective symptoms were relieved more frequently in the OMP group (at week 2, 67% compared with 29%, P = 0.005; at week 4, 95% compared with 55%, P = 0.009), but this superiority was not significant at week 8 (94% compared with 65%, P = 0.085). No serious adverse events occurred. CONCLUSIONS: Omeprazole provided quicker healing and a greater relief from subjective symptoms than did FAM in the treatment of RE, and was considered more suitable as a first-choice drug.     

Endoscopy in Patients Receiving Radiation Therapy to the Thorax

Radiation therapy for thoracic malignancies is often complicated by radiation-induced esophagitis. Symptoms of radiation esophagitis are nonspecific and include dysphagia, odynophagia, and chest pain. Patients receiving radiation therapy are also at risk for infectious esophagitis, which can be indistinguished clinically from radiation-induced esophagitis. We retrospectively reviewed data on patients who had esophagitis symptoms during or after thoracic radiation therapy and were referred for upper endoscopy. We sought to determine how often infectious esophagitis or cancer was present, as compared to radiation-induced esophagitis alone. Twenty-four upper endoscopies were performed on 16 patients over a three-year period to evaluate esophagitis symptoms. Forty-four percent of the patients endoscoped had infectious esophagitis or recurrent cancer diagnosed by endoscopy. No complications occurred from the procedures. Esophagoscopy is a safe procedure that should be considered, to exclude infection or cancer, in patients who develop esophagitis symptoms during or after thoracic radiation.     

Effects of curcumin on reflux esophagitis in rats

The preventive effect of curcumin, a compound isolated from the rhizome of Curcuma longa, on experimental reflux esophagitis in rats was investigated in order to validate its potential therapeutic use for gastroesophageal reflux disease. Curcumin (20 mg/kg, i.d.), the antioxidative agent dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) (1 ml/kg, i.p.) or the proton pump inhibitor lansoprazole (1 mg/kg, i.d.) inhibited the formation of acute acid reflux esophagitis by 52.5, 61.5 and 70.9% respectively. Curcumin alone was not effective in preventing chronic acid reflux esophagitis, but the combination of curcumin and DMSO reduced the mortality rate and the severity of the esophagitis ulcer index to the same extent (56.5%) as did the lansoprazole (53.9%). Intraduodenal administration of curcumin also markedly prevented the formation of acute mixed reflux esophagitis, together with reducing the incidence or the severity of neutrophil infiltration, when compared to a control group. In contrast, lansoprazole tended to increase the severity of all histopathological changes, when compared to either the control or the curcumin-treated group. Aminoguanidine, a specific inducible nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, had no preventive effect against both types of acute reflux esophagitis models, and increased the mortality in the chronic acid reflux esophagitis model. From these results, it is indicated that curcumin can effectively prevent acute reflux esophagitis formation. Although curcumin is less potent than lansoprazole in inhibiting acid reflux esophagitis, it is superior to lansoprazole in inhibiting mixed reflux esophagitis. The antiulcerogenic mechanisms are considered to be closely associated with its antioxidant nature and antiinflammatory property.     

3种不同术式反流性食管炎动物模型的建立

目的:评价3种不同术式建立反流性食管炎动物模型的意义.方法:雄性8周龄SD大鼠70只,随机分成4组.对照组(10只)开腹后不做任何切除缝合,然后关腹.其余60只均分为3组,分别采用食管空肠吻合、食管十二指肠吻合和食管空肠吻合 胃切3种术式建立反流性食管炎模型.术后12周处死动物,观察大鼠一般情况、食管病变情况.结果:3个模型组均出现程度不同的反流性食管炎,其中食管空肠吻合组、食管十二指肠吻合组殚食管病变较重,Barrett's食管发生率(6/14和5/13)高于食管空肠吻合 胃切组(0).结论:运用该3种手术方式均可成功建立反流性食管炎动物模型.胃酸及十二指肠液混合反流在反流性食管炎发病中起重要作用.     

反流性食管炎与气道高反应性研究

目的：探讨反流性食管炎对气道反应性的影响。方法：选择经支气管激发试验确诊为支气管哮喘且伴有烧心、反酸等消化道症状的患者32例，再行电子胃镜检查，比较反流性食管炎严重程度与肺功能各参数的关系。对确诊为反流性食管炎患者中的12例服用洛赛克20mg，每日2攻，2周后再行肺功能检查测定气道反应性，对比治疗前后肺功能各参数的改变。结果：32例哮喘且伴有消化道症状的患者中经胃镜检查反流性食管炎发生率为84％（27／32）．其中12例患者服用洛赛克治疗2周后气道反应性减低，FEV1与FEV1／FVC无明显改变。结论：胃食管反流可诱发并加重哮喘，通过治疗胃食管反流可以控制哮喘。     

思密达等三联治疗反流性食管炎疗效观察

目的 :观察思密达、西沙比利、雷尼替丁联合治疗反流性食管炎的疗效。方法 :将 74例反流性食管炎患者随机分为治疗组及对照组各 37例。治疗组给予思密达、西沙比利、雷尼替丁联合治疗 ;对照组给予西沙比利、雷尼替丁治疗。比较两组疗效。结果 :治疗组治愈 32例 ,显效 3例 ,有效 2例 ,无效 0例 ;对照组治愈 9例 ,显效 5例 ,有效 10例 ,无效 3例。经统计学处理 ,治疗组疗效优于对照组 ,有显著性差异 ( P<0 .0 1)。结论 :思密达、西沙比利、雷尼替丁联合治疗反流性食管炎疗效显著 ,且明显优于西沙比利合雷尼替丁联合治疗的疗效。     

铝碳酸镁不同给药方法对反流性食管炎的近期疗效观察

目的：铝碳酸镁（达喜）不同给药方法治疗反流性食管炎，通过进行胃镜观察疗效对比，探索反流性食管炎的治疗新方法。方法：将胃镜下诊断为Ⅱ级以上的RE患者106例，随机分成两组，治疗组采用铝碳酸镁溶于水，小口慢咽，对照组用铝碳酸镁片剂给药，按同等剂量治疗10 d复查胃镜。结果：治疗组总有效率显著高于对照组，经χ^2检验，两组总有效率有非常显著性差异（P〈0.01）。结论：采用铝碳酸镁水溶剂小口慢咽的给药方法，让药物与病灶局部充分接触是治疗反流性食管炎，尤其是Ⅱ级以上糜烂性食管炎非常有效的方法。