深静脉置管镇痛泵持续输入用于癌症病人镇痛

目的探讨深静脉置管镇痛泵持续输入对癌症病人的镇痛效果。方法将芬太尼、氟哌利多、阿托品按预定浓度比注入微量镇痛泵,经股静脉或颈静脉穿刺并留置导管,缝合固定,与镇痛泵连接,药物即可均衡进入体内。结果全程测定NRS和PPI值分别为1.3和1.5。表明此法癌症病人止痛效果佳,全部病例均有效。结论深静脉置管镇痛泵持续输入对癌症病人镇痛效果确切,应用方便。     

美托康注射液与都可喜联合治疗椎基底动脉供血不足的疗效观察

目的观察美托康注射液与都可喜联合治疗椎基底动脉供血不足的临床疗效。方法随机将87例病人分为治疗组（45例）和对照组（42例），治疗组应用美托康注射液250ml静滴，1a／d，同时加服都可喜1片，2次／d；对照组应用复方丹参注射液30m1加入5％葡萄糖注射液500ml静滴，1次／d；两组均连用10d，其余常规治疗相同。结果治疗组痊愈26例，有效18例，总有效率98％；对照组痊愈15例，有效24例，总有效率93％。治疗组疗效优于对照组（P〈0．05）。结论美托康注射液与都可喜联合治疗椎基底动脉供血不足有良好临床疗效，可于临床广泛应用。     

Distribution patterns of transforaminal injections in the cervical spine evaluated by multi-slice computed tomography

Transforaminal injections are sometimes used for the diagnosis and treatment of painful conditions in the lumbar and to a lesser degree in the cervical spine. The technique is most often used when investigating/treating radiculopathy caused by degenerative disease. But how selective are the nerve root blocks? What possible structures other than the intended nerve root are affected from such injections? This study was undertaken in order to try to answer these questions, as no study focusing on the possible spread from the transforaminal selective nerve root blocks in the cervical spine has been performed earlier. In three groups of patients, each group including three patients, we injected three different volumes (0.6, 1.1 and 1.7 ml) with a transforaminal technique in the cervical spine. In all the injections, a small amount of contrast media was added. The spread of the injections were then investigated using multi-slice computed tomography with reconstructions. The imaging revealed a possible effect on other nerve roots than the intended ones when a larger volume was used for the root blocks. The spread was related to the injected volume as well as to local anatomy (size of foraminal area). In this study, only 0.6-ml injections could be accepted for being selective enough for diagnostic investigations.     

胸膜腔造影和注射粘连剂对难治性气胸的诊治

目的：为更清晰地显示顽固性气胸的漏气部位和性质，为不能耐受手术者摸索一种新的治疗手段。方法：选择１８例患者，先用７６％泛影葡胺行胸膜腔造影，而后在局部注入少量粘连剂。结果：造影后发现多发性肺大泡８例，单发性肺大泡６例，肺大泡伴粘连带４例。病变分别位于左上肺，右上肺，中下肺野及叶间裂。注射粘连剂后，１５例一次成功，３例第二次成功。随防６～１８个月，未见复发。结论：该方法易掌握，无明显副作用。病变显示明显，易被患者接受，具有明显的临床效果和推广价值     

艾司洛尔预注射对预防颈丛阻滞后心血管副反应的观察

颈丛阻滞常可引起心率增快 ,血压增高 ,被认为是颈动脉窦及迷走神经被阻滞 ,交感神经活性增强所致 [1 ]。我们采用艾司洛尔预注射的方法 ,抑制颈丛阻滞后的心血管副反应 ,取得了良好的效果 ,现介绍如下。1　临床资料和方法1.1　一般资料　选择 ASA I～ 级 ,择期行甲状腺瘤或囊     

Release of cholecystokinin from rat cerebral cortex in vivo: role of GABA and glutamate receptor systems

Using cortical cups in chloralose-urethanized rats, the in vivo release of cholecystokinin-like immunoreactivity (CCK-LI) from cerebral cortex was examined. Resting levels of cholecystokinin-like immunoreactivity ranged from 20 to 30 pg/20 min sample. The addition of potassium (40 mM) in excess, resulted in a highly significant elevation in the levels of CCK-LI in the cortical superfusate. Deletion of calcium and the substitution of cobalt (10 mM), resulted in a significant reduction in both resting release and the release otherwise evoked by the addition of potassium. Focal electrical stimulation of the cortex (20 Hz), resulted in a significant (1.9 +/- 0.2-fold, n = 8) increase in the levels of CCK-LI. The addition of glutamate (10(-6)-10(-4) M) of kainic acid (10(-8)-10(-6) M), also resulted in significant elevations in the levels of CCK-LI. The co-administration of a putative glutamate receptor antagonist, kynurenic acid (10(-4) M) resulted in a significant reduction in the levels of release otherwise evoked by the addition of glutamate, but not by electrical stimulation. The addition of GABA (10(-5)-10(-3) M) resulted in a dose-dependent decrease in the resting release of CCK-LI, and the release evoked by glutamate. Picrotoxin (10(-6)-10(-4) M), resulted in a highly significant increase in the levels of CCK-LI in the cortical effluent. These results are consistent with a tonic GABAergic inhibition of CCK-releasing neurons. The treatment of the animal with diazepam (30 mg/kg, i.p.) also resulted in a significant reduction in resting release and the release otherwise evoked by focal cortical stimulation.     

一阶导数高速脉冲极谱法用于盐酸普鲁卡因的定量分析

研究了一阶导数高速脉冲极谱法,并运用于盐酸普鲁卡因及其注射制剂的定量分析。在-0.04 V(对 Ag/AgCl)处出现的良好导数峰,于1.0～6.0×10~(-4)mol/L 范围内,导数峰电流与浓度呈线性关系。检测限为3.0×10~(-8)mol/L。操作简便、快速、灵敏,结果准确。     

持续静脉滴注安定治疗频繁发作的小儿癫痫

目的探讨持续静脉滴注安定法治疗频繁发作小儿癫痫的疗效.方法对28例频繁发作癫痫的患儿,采用安定持续静脉滴注,按发作情况调整滴注速度,比较治疗前后的发作频率;应用荧光偏振免疫法测定血安定浓度.结果持续静脉滴注安定治疗后每日发作次数较治疗前明显减少(P<0.01).血安定浓度的安全有效范围为574.50±291.57μg/ml.安定静脉滴注速度与血药浓度呈正相关(γ=0.941,P<0.01).结论持续静脉滴注安定是一种安全有效的控制小儿频繁发作癫痫的辅助治疗方法.     

新肩三针穴位注射为主治疗肩手综合征的临床研究

目的评价新肩三针穴位注射治疗脑卒中后肩手综合征的临床疗效。方法采用随机对照的方法,将72例符合纳入标准的患者分为治疗组(针刺 新肩三针穴位注射)和对照组(单纯用针刺)。用脑卒中临床神经功能缺损程度评分量表,肩关节疾患治疗成绩判定标准和手掌手指功能评价进行临床疗效评定。结果治疗组疗效明显优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论新肩三针穴位注射是治疗脑卒中后肩手综合征的有效治疗方法。