Bronchogenic cyst of the stomach:A case report

BACKGROUND Gastric bronchogenic cysts(BCs)are extremely rare cystic masses caused by abnormal development of the respiratory system during the embryonic period.Gastric bronchial cysts are rare lesions first reported in 1956;as of 2019,only 37 cases are available in the MEDLINE/PubMed online databases.BCs usually have no clinical symptoms in the early stage,and their imaging findings also lack specificity.Therefore,they are difficult to diagnose before histopathological examination.CASE SUMMARY A 55-year-old woman presented at our hospital with intermittent epigastric pain.She had a slightly high level of serum carbohydrate antigen 72-4(CA 72-4).Endoscopic ultrasound found that a cystic mass originated from the submucosa of the posterior gastric wall near the cardia,indicating a diagnosis of cystic hygroma of the stomach.Furthermore,a computed tomography scan demonstrated a quasi-circular cystic mass closely related to the lesser curvature of the gastric fundus with a low density.Because the imaging examinations did not suggest a malignancy and the patient required complete resection,she underwent laparoscopic surgery.As an intraoperative finding,this cystic lesion was located in the posterior wall of the fundus and contained some yellow viscous liquid.Finally,the pathologists verified that the cyst in the fundus was a gastric BC.The patient recovered well with normal CA 72-4 levels,and her course was uneventful at 10 mo.CONCLUSION This is a valuable report as it describes an extremely rare case of gastric BC.Moreover,this is the first case of BC to present with elevated CA 72-4 levels.     

糖尿病患者足部皮温与下肢动脉彩色多普勒超声的相关性研究

目的:探讨糖尿病患者足部皮温与下肢动脉彩色多普勒超声(彩超)的关系。方法:测定156例糖尿病患者的双足皮肤温度差,利用动脉彩超检查双下肢动脉并进行狭窄程度分级,进行相关分析。结果:双足皮肤温度差<1℃的患者为41例(26.3%),温度差>2.2℃的患者为52例(33.3%),温度差在两者之间的患者为63例(40.4%),下肢动脉彩超狭窄程度随皮肤温度差增大而严重(P<0.005)。结论:足部皮温检测能反映糖尿病患者下肢动脉彩超的变化,是预测血管狭窄程度的一个经济、简便、无创的方法。     

Color Doppler Twinkling Artifact in Diagnosis of Tuberculous Pleuritis: A Comparison with Gray-Scale Ultrasonography and Computed Tomography

The aim of this study was to determine whether twinkling artifact (TA) detected on color Doppler ultrasonography can effectively determine the presence of pleural calcification compared with computed tomography (CT) and differentiate tuberculous pleuritis (TP) and cancerous pleuritis (CP). One hundred six cases of TP and 26 cases of CP were scanned using gray-scale ultrasonography (GSU) and TA to determine the presence of pleural calcification. With CT as the reference standard, 63.3% and 79.6% of patients with pleural calcification were identified with GSU and TA, respectively. The detection rate of TA was higher than that of GSU (p?=?0.039). For the whole study population, 37.1% were identified as having pleural calcification with CT, significantly higher than the proportion detected with GSU (25.8%, p?=?0.001), but not different from that detected with TA (41.7%, p?=?0.327). The sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of TA were 79.6%, 80.7%, 80.3%, 70.9% and 87.0%, respectively. The detection rate of TA was significantly higher than that of GSU (p?<0.001). When GSU was combined with TA (GSUTA), the positive rate in the TP group was significantly higher than that in the CP group (χ²?<?0.001). In conclusion, TA is comparable to CT and more sensitive than GSU in the detection of pleural calcification. Evaluation for GSUTA on pleura may help to differentiate TP from CP.     

彩色多普勒超声多参数预测孕晚期妊娠结局的临床意义

目的：探讨胎儿脐动脉(UA)、大脑中动脉(MCA)搏动指数(PI)/脐动脉(UA)搏动指数(PI)比值、脐静脉(UV)和静脉导管(DV)血流的多普勒特征性改变与孕晚期(30～41周)妊娠结局的相关性及其临床意义。方法：应用彩色多普勒超声综合检测指标：脐动脉S/D值、PI_MCA/PI_UA比值、脐静脉频谱波形和静脉导管血流频谱波形的改变,判断胎儿宫内缺血缺氧情况。结果：2015年1月～2016年12月共发现227例孕晚期胎儿存在不同程度的脐动脉S/D值,脐静脉频谱,静脉导管频谱以及PI_MCA/PI_UA比值异常,227例胎儿出生后有15例出现新生儿Apgar评分异常。脐动脉S/D值,静脉导管频谱以及PI_MCA/PI_UA比值差异性具有统计学意义(P<0.05),脐静脉频谱差异不具有统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论：孕晚期胎儿出现脐动脉S/D值增高、PI_MCA/PI_UA比值异常、脐静脉和静脉导管血流频谱波形的改变,与围生儿不良妊娠结局有一定的因果关系。应用彩色多普勒综合检测晚孕期脐动脉S/D值、PI_MCA/PI_UA比值、脐静脉和静脉导管血流频谱波形的改变,能早期发现胎儿宫内缺血缺氧情况,为临床早期预防和诊治宫内胎儿缺氧、加强围生期管理具有重要的临床意义。     

Properties of a color-changeable chewing gum used to evaluate masticatory performance

PurposeTo clarify the basic properties of a color-changeable chewing gum to determine its applicability to evaluations of masticatory performance under different types of dental status.MethodsTen participants with natural dentition aged 26–30 years chewed gum that changes color during several chewing strokes over five repetitions. Changes in color were assessed using a colorimeter, and then L*, a*, and b* values in the CIELAB color system were quantified. Relationships between chewing progression and color changes were assessed using regression analysis and the reliability of color changes was assessed using intraclass correlation coefficients. We then measured 42 dentate participants (age, 22–31 years) and 47 complete denture wearers (age, 44–90 years) to determine the detectability of masticatory performance under two types of dental status.ResultsRegression between the number of chewing strokes and the difference between two colors was non-linear. The intraclass correlation coefficients were highest between 60 and 160 chewing strokes. Dentate and edentulous groups significantly differed (Wilcoxon rank sum test) and values were widely distributed within each group.ConclusionsThe color of the chewing gum changed over a wide range, which was sufficient to evaluate the masticatory performance of individuals with natural dentition and those with complete dentures. Changes in the color values of the gum reliably reflected masticatory performance. These findings indicate that the color-changeable chewing gum will be useful for evaluating masticatory performance under any dental status.     

彩色多普勒超声诊断吸毒者腹股沟区损伤39例分析

目的探讨吸毒者反复不洁注射致腹股沟区损伤的彩色多普勒超声影像特征。方法对39例腹股沟区反复不洁注射出现下肢活动受限、腹股沟区肿块、血管杂音的患者行彩色多普勒超声检查。结果检出动脉血栓、动静脉瘘、假性动脉瘤、脓肿、血肿、淋巴结肿大,与临床和血管造影或手术结果完全符合(39/39)。结论彩色多普勒对吸毒者反复不洁注射致腹股沟区损伤有较高的诊断价值。     

彩色多普勒对甲状腺结节良恶性的诊断价值

目的：探讨彩色多普勒对甲状腺结节良恶性的诊断价值。方法：分析经手术和病理证实的120例良性甲状腺结节和65例恶性甲状腺结节的超声表现。结果：185个结节中,良性结节120个,其中结节性甲状腺肿85个,甲状腺瘤30个,桥本病5个。甲状腺癌共65个,乳头状癌59个,滤泡癌6个。在彩色血流分布类型比较上,良性结节以II型和IV型为主,分别占51％和35％;恶性结节以III型为主,占42％。结论：彩色多普勒可以为甲状腺结节良恶性的诊断、鉴别诊断和随访观察提供更多的辅助指标,有重要的诊断价值。     

彩色多普勒超声对原发性及转移性肝癌血供情况的对比分析

目的：研究分析彩色多普勒超声对原发性及转移性肝癌血供情况的鉴别诊断要点。方法回顾性分析该院肝胆外科64例原发性肝癌患者和64例转移性肝癌患者血供情况的超声影像学表现。结果原发性肝癌患者肿瘤周围的血供显著强于转移性肝癌患者(P=0.007,P<0.01),且原发性肝癌患者的肝动脉内径、峰值流速均明显大于转移性肝癌(P=0.013,P<0.01)。结论彩色多普勒超声在鉴别原发性与转移性肝癌中具有重要的临床应用价值。     

彩色超声对原发性胆囊癌的诊断价值

目的：探讨原发性胆囊癌的彩色超声图像特征,提高原发性胆囊癌的超声诊断准确率,减少临床的误诊和漏诊。方法回顾性分析了该院2009年以来45例原发性胆囊癌患者的超声图像特征及检查结果,并与手术后的病理结果进行了对照。结果45例胆囊癌中术前彩色超声诊断了35例,准确率77.8%,误诊10例,误诊率22.2%,根据彩色超声图像的特点将原发性胆囊癌分为5型。结论彩色超声为原发性胆囊癌的首选检查方法,对临床诊断和鉴别诊断具有重要价值,但还应与其他检查相结合以提高早期诊断率。     

超声造影在睾丸扭转中的诊断价值

目的通过与彩色多普勒超声对比,探讨超声造影在睾丸扭转诊断中的临床应用价值。方法回顾性分析43例经手术或临床随访证实的睾丸扭转患者的超声造影表现,并与彩色多普勒超声的诊断性能进行比较。结果超声造影时,7例完全扭转型患侧睾丸内未见造影剂填充,睾丸周围组织环状增强,呈"晕圈征"。36例不完全扭转型患侧睾丸内部均有造影剂填充,但可见局部造影剂缺损区,与健侧睾丸比较,增强开始时间和达峰时间均明显延长,达峰强度低于正常睾丸组织,呈低增强。超声造影和彩色多普勒超声诊断完全扭转型睾丸扭转的准确率均为100%,两种方法比较差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.000,P=1.000),超声造影诊断不完全扭转型睾丸扭转的准确率为100%,彩色多普勒超声诊断不完全扭转型睾丸扭转的准确率为83.3%,两种方法统计学比较差异有统计学意义(χ2=4.2,P<0.05)。结论超声造影和彩色多普勒超声在诊断完全扭转型时有很好的一致性,超声造影诊断不完全扭转型的准确率优于彩色多普勒超声。超声造影可准确判定睾丸缺血受损的范围及程度,可作为睾丸扭转诊断评估的重要影像学方式。