Urticaria por frío. Caracterización de la población de una clínica ambulatoria especializada en urticaria

IntroductionCold Urticaria (ColdU) is a type of chronic inducible urticaria (CIndU) where recurrent pruritic wheals and/or angioedema occur after exposure to cold stimulus. Although it usually only affects exposed areas, systemic reactions can occur in severe cases. In this study, we seek to characterize the ColdU cases within our Centre's population of patients.Material and methodsRetrospective study based on clinical files of patients diagnosed with ColdU followed in an urticaria outpatient clinic in Portugal prior to October 2020.ResultsWe included 52 patients total (40 women) with median age of 35 years, 19 patients with symptom onset before 18 years-old. ColdU was classified as acquired in all patients. Cold provocation tests were negative in 9 patients and these were classified as atypical ColdU. No significant differences were found between those with pediatric or adult onset of disease. Most of the patients had a localized form of the disease (52%). Despite not being statistically significant, it was found that patient's temperature threshold, assessed with TempTest® 4.0, was higher and stimulation time was shorter in more severe groups. All patients were treated with non-sedating antihistamines (daily or on-demand), finding that those controlled with standard dosages had lower temperature thresholds than those needing higher dosages (p < 0.01). One patient was under treatment with omalizumab.ConclusionColdU is an heterogenous disease that can have life-threatening event consequences. Cold provocation tests and threshold assessment can be an important tool in the management treatment and in identifying severity groups.     

眼科专用冷热敷眼罩的制作与应用

冷敷能降低局部组织的新陈代谢，减少炎性渗出，降低受损组织感觉冲动的传入［1］。同时，局部受冷，血管立刻收缩，血流量减少，能达到减少渗血、瘀血及血肿形成的目的［2］。     

冷光源与常规蓝光治疗新生儿黄疸的临床效果比较

目的比较冷光源与常规蓝光在新生儿黄疸治疗中的临床疗效。方法选取本院收治的新生儿黄疸患儿，随机分为冷光源蓝光组和常规蓝光组，比较和分析两组的临床治疗效果和血清胆红素浓度。结果冷光源蓝光组的临床显效率和总有效率均显著高于常规蓝光组，无效率显著低于常规蓝光组，治疗后48、96h的血清胆红素浓度均显著低于常规蓝光组，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论冷光源蓝光在新生儿黄疸的临床治疗过程中较常规蓝光具有更显著的疗效，可作为新生儿黄疸较理想的治疗方案进行临床推广和应用。     

A randomized controlled trial of a homeopathic syrup in the treatment of cold symptoms in young children

BackgroundThere is little evidence that the decongestant, antihistamine, or cough suppressant medications commonly used to treat cold symptoms in preschool children are effective. One option for treating cold symptoms in young children is with homeopathy. This study was conducted to determine if a homeopathic syrup was effective in treating cold symptoms in preschool children.MethodsChildren 2–5 years old diagnosed with an upper respiratory tract infection were randomized to receive a commercial homeopathic cold syrup or placebo. Parents administered the study medication as needed for 3 days. The primary outcome was change in symptoms one hour after each dose. Parents also assessed the severity of each of the symptoms of runny nose, cough, congestion and sneezing at baseline and twice daily for 3 days, using a 4-point rating scale. A composite cold score was calculated by combining the values for each of the four symptoms.ResultsAmong 261 eligible participants, data on 957 doses of study medication in 154 children were analyzed. There was no significant difference in improvement one hour after the dose for any symptom between the two groups. Analysis of twice daily data on the severity of cold symptoms compared to baseline values found that improvements in sneezing, cough and the composite cold score were significantly greater at both the first and second assessments among those receiving the cold syrup compared to placebo recipients.ConclusionThe homeopathic syrup appeared to be effective in reducing the severity of cold symptoms in the first day after beginning treatment.     

海博刀与三角刀在经口内镜下肌切开术中疗效的回顾性队列研究

目的 比较海博刀与三角刀在经口内镜下肌切开术(POEM)中的临床疗效。方法 采用回顾性队列研究设计，纳入2012年6月至2014年7月因贲门失弛缓症在南方医科大学南方医院接受POEM治疗的患者，术中使用海博刀者为海博刀组，使用注射针和三角刀者为三角刀组，比较两组手术相关参数、术后症状缓解及并发症发生率。结果 共纳入57例患者，其中海博刀组25例，三角刀组32例。两组患者基线特征比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。海博刀组平均手术时间短于三角刀组[(55.3±17.7)min比(69.5±9.4)min，P=0.038)]；术中平均器械交换次数少于三角刀组[(4.5±1.5)次比(10.7±1.7)次，P=0.000]。所有患者无严重不良事件发生。在1年的随访中，海博刀组治疗成功率92.0%(23/25)，三角刀组96.9%(31/32)，差异无统计学意义（P=0.576)。结论 海博刀能显著缩短POEM手术时间，并且获得与三角刀相似的治疗成功率。     

曾学文运用经方治疗心系疾病

炙甘草汤、四逆汤、四逆散、真武汤、枳实薤白桂枝汤、葶苈大枣泻肺汤、小青龙汤出自张仲景的《伤寒论》及《金匮要略》,为曾学文治疗心系疾病的常用方。曾学文主任认为其理法方药,阐述了张仲景心系疾病辨证论治的理论和方法,心系疾病发病多因本虚标实,病位在心,"心动则五脏皆摇",可牵及肺、脾、肝、肾,本虚多以心气、心阳不足为主,可累及心阴,标实多以寒邪、痰饮、水湿、血瘀为主,"气、血、水"乃心脏疾病三步曲。     

王庆国巧用麻黄附子细辛汤治疗过敏性鼻炎经验

王庆国教授认为过敏性鼻炎其本在脾肾不足,而标在肺寒,当属本虚标实之证,治宜内外同治,表里兼顾。麻黄附子细辛汤温少阴之经而发太阳之表,温阳中兼发散,解表中兼补虚,共同发挥扶正祛邪,温经解表的作用,适用于阳虚内寒而兼外感寒邪之证,正合肺寒之机,故临证配伍不同基础方药治疗过敏性鼻炎疗效显著。     

针灸治疗内科杂病

针灸刺激穴位,保障患者气血通畅,对感冒、哮喘、胃痛等内科疾病有明显疗效,且对人体的伤害小,值得推广。     

OUR-QGD型体部伽玛刀Y轴激光定位尺研制与临床应用

目的自行研制体部伽玛刀Y轴激光定位尺，使患者治疗计划在治疗设备上得以顺利实施。方法 Y轴激光定位尺由水平底座、刻度尺、滑动卡、激光笔及刻度指针组成，且操作简便易行。结果对照组50例治疗计划，Y轴方向有38例顺利通过治疗，通过率为76%；试验组50例治疗计划， Y轴方全部通过治疗，通过率为100%。结论使用体部伽玛刀Y轴激光定位尺定位，杜绝了治疗计划由于Y轴数值超出可行范围无法实施的情况，提高了工作效率、缩短了患者的治疗时间、确保治疗安全。