阿托伐他汀对大鼠自体移植静脉内膜增生的影响

目的： 探讨新型降脂药阿托伐他汀对自体移植静脉内膜增生的影响。 方法： 将Wistar大鼠颈外静脉移植于腹主动脉,建立大鼠自体静脉移植模型,实验分为3组：假手术组、移植对照组和移植实验组。自术后第1 d起,对移植实验组大鼠经胃管灌注给予阿托伐他汀(5 mg·kg-1·d-1)处理。干预4周后取移植静脉组织标本,制备4 μm厚组织切片,行病理组织学观察分析移植静脉内膜增生情况,行免疫组化染色分析新生内膜细胞SMα-actin和PCNA的表达情况。 结果： 移植对照组和实验组移植静脉内皮下层SMα-actin染色阳性平滑肌细胞大量增生,导致静脉内膜显著增厚,血管管腔明显狭窄。新生内膜定量分析显示移植实验组移植静脉内膜增生受到明显抑制,其新生内膜面积及新生内膜/中膜面积比均显著低于对照组(P<0.01);并且实验组移植静脉新生内膜细胞PCNA标记指数显著低于对照组(P<0.01)。 结论： 阿托伐他汀通过抑制新生内膜平滑肌细胞的增殖能有效抑制自体移植静脉内膜增生的发生发展,在防治血管重建术后再狭窄方面显示出良好的应用前景。     

Effect of Biofeedback-assisted Autogenic Training on Headache Activity and Mood States in Korean Female Migraine Patients

Biofeedback with or without combined autogenic training is known to be effective for the treatment of migraine. This study aimed to examine the effect of biofeedback treatment on headache activity, anxiety, and depression in Korean female patients with migraine headache. Patients were randomized into the treatment group (n=17) and monitoring group (n=15). Mood states including anxiety and depression, and psychophysiological variables such as mean skin temperature of the patients were compared with those of the normal controls (n=21). We found greater treatment response rate (defined as ≥50% reduction in headache index) in patients with biofeedback-assisted autogenic training than in monitoring group. The scores on the anxiety and depression scales in the patients receiving biofeedback-assisted autogenic training decreased after the biofeedback treatment. Moreover, the decrease in their anxiety levels was significantly related to the treatment outcome. This result suggests that the biofeedback-assisted autogenic training is effective for the treatment of migraine and its therapeutic effect is closely related to the improvement of the anxiety level.     

脑卒中患者功能锻炼依从性及其影响因素的研究现状

脑卒中后遵从医护人员的建议进行规律锻炼是患者康复的关键,回归社区后患者机能恢复情况很大程度上取决于患者的依从性。然而,其功能锻炼依从性并不十分理想。国内外相关研究得出影响其依从性的因素来自多方面,包括患者的个人方面,如知识掌握情况、态度、自我效能、抑郁、躯体功能状态、疲惫感等;照顾者方面,如照顾者的知识、态度、夫妻关系等;社会方面,如家庭支持、病友支持、活动场所等;医院方面,如医患关系、医护人员的认知、沟通技巧等。该文对脑卒中患者功能锻炼及其依从性的研究现状进行了综述。     

Feedback and Instructions in the Control of Digital Skin Temperature

Fourteen female subjects suffering from idiopathic Raynaud's Disease were trained during 6 laboratory sessions to raise skin temperature. All subjects were given autogenic instructions and half the subjects were given skin temperature feedback from the middle digit of the dominant hand. Autogenic instructions were found to produce small but reliable increases in skin temperature regardless of whether or not feedback was provided. Following the autogenic instructions all subjects showed decreases in skin temperature. However, these decreases were greater for subjects not receiving feedback than for those receiving feedback. Theoretical implications of these data are discussed.     

骨折功能锻炼的生物力学研究进展

中西医结合治疗骨折十分重视功能锻炼,它对骨折愈合的影响是至关重要的,在骨折整复固定后即开始功能锻炼,体现了祖国医学治疗骨折的动静结合原则。它可以使骨折端产生有利于骨折愈合的应力,有效促进骨折愈合．但同时不正确的功能锻炼又会产生剪切力、扭转力等不良应力,形成不利于骨折愈合的因素。因此,骨折功能锻炼的生物力学研究也成为骨折治疗中的一个热点。     

Autogenic drainage: the technique, physiological basis and evidence

Described by Jean Chevaillier in 1967, autogenic drainage is an airway clearance technique that is widely used throughout Europe. The technique is characterised by breathing control, where the individual adjusts the rate, depth and location of respiration in order to clear the chest of secretions independently. This paper describes the technique, based on the work of Chevaillier, offering a physiological explanation for how the technique works. This paper will also review the evidence supporting the use of autogenic drainage.     

三伏针灸联合盆底肌训练治疗女性压力性尿失禁疗效观察

目的:观察三伏天针刺、龟板灸联合盆底肌训练治疗女性压力性尿失禁的临床效果.方法:将71例患者随机分为2组,观察组(36例)采用针刺中极、子宫、尺泽等穴,并于神阙穴施行龟板灸,联合盆底肌训练治疗;对照组(35例)单纯采用盆底肌训练方法.观察两组症状疗效,并采用国际尿失禁咨询委员会问卷简表(ICI-Q-SF)和健康调查简表(SF-36)对治疗前后进行积分评估,并与正常组(35例)进行SF-36积分比较.结果:观察组总有效率为91.7%,高于对照组的77.1%(P<0.05);压力性尿失禁患者SF-36各维度值明显低于正常组(均P<0.05);观察组和对照组治疗后,ICI-Q-SF评分均明显降低,SF-36积分明显升高;在生理功能、身体疼痛、活力、社会功能和情感职能方面,观察组改善更为显著(均P<0.05).结论:女性压力性尿失禁患者可能存在生活质量低下;三伏天针刺、龟板灸联合盆底肌训练改善尿失禁症状的同时,可提高患者生活质量.     

One Session of Autogenic Training Increases Acute Subjective Sexual Arousal in Premenopausal Women Reporting Sexual Arousal Problems

Background

Below average heart rate variability (HRV) has been associated with sexual arousal dysfunction and overall sexual dysfunction in women. Autogenic training, a psychophysiologic relaxation technique, has been shown to increase HRV. In a recent study, sexually healthy women experienced acute increases in physiologic (ie, genital) and subjective sexual arousal after 1 brief session of autogenic training.

Forty-five years of migraine-observations and reflections "from the inside" by a physician-patient

A case is presented of severe migraine observed by a physician-patient for 45 years from the age of 27 to 72. A system was developed of grading headache frequency and severity which has permitted, over the last 33 years, a semi-quantitative analysis in terms of quarter years of: the course of the disease, the results of various treatments, and the associated psychological tensions. The patient's mother and other family members of four generations had migraine. The frequency and severity of the patient's headaches increased over 22 years to a peak that coincided with his maximal professional work-load; they then receded and disappeared during the last 11 years of retirement. In the first 13 years of no prophylactic treatment a periodicity was present with a median span of 2.4 weeks. In these first 13 years, there was a left-sided preponderance of attacks. It is concluded that migraine is a complex disturbance comprising a genetic defect with an inbuilt biorhythm and a threshold for manifestation of headache sensitive to many physical, physiologic, and psychologic factors of stress in the life of the patient.     

The effect of autogenic training on salivary immunoglobulin A in surgical patients with breast cancer: A randomized pilot trial

Psychological stress among breast cancer patients can inhibit immune function and contribute to disease progression. We investigated the effects of autogenic training (AT), a relaxation method for reducing stress, on salivary immunoglobulin A (sIgA) in breast cancer surgery patients. Thirty patients scheduled to undergo breast cancer surgery were randomly assigned to an AT or control group (usual care). Patients in the AT group underwent training for 7 days after surgery. Salivary IgA and heart rate variability were assessed on the day before surgery, and on the third and seventh postoperative days. Levels of sIgA were significantly higher on the seventh postoperative day in the AT group (n = 7) compared to the control group (n = 7) (p = 0.049). These findings suggest that AT may improve immune function in breast surgery patients.