Reliability of a close-range photogrammetry technique to measure ankle kinematics during active range of motion in place

BackgroundAs the risk of ankle turn during daily activity is very high, studying ankle kinematics in place is important for ankle sprain prevention. The close-range photogrammetry (CRP) technique is used to measure ankle kinematics during active range of motion (AROM) in place. The purpose of the study was to assess the reliability of CRP to measure ankle kinematics.MethodsTwenty adults were recruited and fourteen retro-reflective targets were mounted on the skin of their right feet. Imaging sensors were self-calibrated using a bundle adjustment technique, and the images were downloaded with Australis photogrammetric software. Three trials were conducted and reliability coefficients were used to assess agreement between them.ResultsReliability was almost perfect and the results show that the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) of ankle angle values were (dorsiflexion = 0.96), (plantarflexion = 0.81), (inversion = 0.92), (eversion = 0.95), (internal rotation = 0.92), and (external rotation = 0.78). The overall intraclass correlation coefficient was 0.89 and the standard error of the measurement (SEM) values ranged from (0.37° to 6.18°).ConclusionsThe results indicate that the CRP technique was able to reliably measure ankle kinematics. The results may support and enhance knowledge related to ankle AROM in the clinical arena.     

轴向载荷分担比指导外固定器动力化的临床应用

目的:探讨轴向载荷分担比用于胫腓骨骨干骨折术后指导外固定器轴向动力化促进骨折愈合的有效性。方法:选取外固定器治疗的胫腓骨骨干骨折患者100例,随机分为观察组50例,对照组50例。观察组在轴向载荷分担比指导下行外固定器轴向动力化治疗,对照组未行动力化,随访比较两组的治疗效果。结果:所有患者均获随访,随访时间4～12个月,平均6.5个月,治疗期间所有患者均未出现外固定针断裂、松动及再骨折等并发症,观察组1例骨搬移患者轴向载荷分担比5%,X线片显示骨折断端有连续性骨痂通过,拆除外固定器连接杆后发生移位,恢复原数值行轴向加压再动力化,现已愈合。观察组除外1例骨搬移患者,其余49例患者外固定器固定时间为[(24.4±4.7)周],骨折临床愈合时间为[(22.4±4.7)周],与对照组50例患者外固定器固定时间[(29.3±5.6)周],骨折临床愈合时间[(27.3±5.6)周]比较,显著减少(P0.05)。结论:外固定器轴向载荷分担比指导胫腓骨骨干骨折外固定术后轴向动力化可以加速骨折愈合,但不适合骨搬移截骨端已硬化患者。     

不同剂量骨水泥PKP联合雌激素对绝经后女性骨质疏松性腰椎体压缩性骨折患者的影响

目的探讨不同剂量骨水泥PKP联合雌激素对绝经后女性骨质疏松性腰椎体压缩性骨折患者的影响。方法选取2015年1月至2018年6月我院收治的120例老年女性骨质疏松性腰椎体压缩性骨折患者为研究对象,按行PKP手术治疗时骨水泥注入的剂量不同分为三组(A组2-4 mL、B组4-5 mL、C组5-6 mL),所有患者均随访1年,比较术后三组患者VAS评分、ODI评分、伤椎椎体前缘高度、椎体中部高度及并发症的发生率。结果三组患者相比,治疗前VAS评分、ODI评分组间比较差异无显著性(P0.05);术后3天及1年后随访时,三组患者各项指标均较治疗前显著改善,组内比较差异具有显著性(P0.05),组间比较差异无显著性(P0.05);治疗前伤椎椎体前缘高度及椎体中部高度组间比较差异无显著性(P0.05);术后3天及1年后随访时,三组患者治疗后椎体前缘、中间高度均较术前明显增加(P0.05),组间比较椎体前缘高度:C组B组A组,椎体中间高度:C组B组A组,且组间比较有统计学差异(P0.05); A组患者并发症的发生率(12.5%)明显低于B组(30.0%)、C组(41.0%),有统计学差异(P0.05)。结论 PKP术中注入小剂量骨水泥(2-4 mL)对于治疗老年女性OVCFs具有良好的治疗效果及较高的安全性。     

关节滑液检测在关节假体周围感染诊断中的研究进展

关节假体周围感染(periprosthetic joint infection,PJI)是人工关节置换术后可能发生的一种严重并发症,其导致的严重后果,无论对于医生还是患者来说,都很难接受。目前,由于多种不确定因素的存在,PJI诊断的准确性较低。传统的血清学检查、影像学检查有一定的价值,但是易受全身情况的影响,导致特异性不高。为了正确诊断关节假体周围感染,不同学科的研究人员采用各种不同的方法进行了大量的诊断研究,并取得了丰富的成果。近年来,关节滑液炎性标志物检测、分子生物学方法等被研究证实具有较高的敏感性和特异性。因此,关节滑液CRP、-防御素、白细胞酯酶、PCR技术等被广泛研究,期望能从中找到诊断关节假体周围感染的特异性指标,提高临床诊断的准确性。     

髌周去神经化预防全膝关节置换术后膝前疼痛

目的　依据髌周解剖学特点，探讨全膝关节置换术（total knee arthroplasty，TKA）中应用髌周电灼去神经化的临床效果。 方法　纳入82名诊断为骨性关节炎的患者（91膝），予行双侧或单侧不置换髌骨的TKA，按随机对照原则将病人分为两组，共有41名实验组患者（45膝）在TKA中接受了髌周去神经化处理，41名对照组患者（46膝）未做该处理。手术主刀为同一骨科医师，均使用相同的膝关节假体系统。主要评价项目包括膝关节KSS评分、Western Ontario and McMaster Universities（WOMAC）、Feller髌骨评分及VAS评分。 结果　82名患者术后均获随访，平均随访时间为12个月，两组病人的膝关节KSS评分、WOMAC、Feller髌骨评分及VAS评分均无显著统计学差异（P>0.05）。 结论　在TKA中行髌周电灼去神经化，不能显著改善病人的预后。     

Weight-bearing in ankle fractures: An audit of UK practice

IntroductionThe purpose of this national study was to audit the weight-bearing practice of orthopaedic services in the National Health Service (NHS) in the treatment of operatively and non-operatively treated ankle fractures.MethodsA multicentre prospective two-week audit of all adult ankle fractures was conducted between July 3rd 2017 and July 17th 2017. Fractures were classified using the AO/OTA classification. Fractures fixed with syndesmosis screws or unstable fractures (>1 malleolus fractured or talar shift present) treated conservatively were excluded. No outcome data were collected. In line with NICE (The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence) criteria, “early” weight-bearing was defined as unrestricted weight-bearing on the affected leg within 3 weeks of injury or surgery and “delayed” weight-bearing as unrestricted weight-bearing permitted after 3 weeks.Results251 collaborators from 81 NHS hospitals collected data: 531 patients were managed non-operatively and 276 operatively. The mean age was 52.6 years and 50.5 respectively. 81% of non-operatively managed patients were instructed for early weight-bearing as recommended by NICE. In contrast, only 21% of operatively managed patients were instructed for early weight-bearing.DiscussionThe majority of patients with uni-malleolar ankle fractures which are managed non-operatively are treated in accordance with NICE guidance. There is notable variability amongst and within NHS hospitals in the weight-bearing instructions given to patients with operatively managed ankle fractures.ConclusionThis study demonstrates community equipoise and suggests that the randomized study to determine the most effective strategy for postoperative weight-bearing in ankle fractures described in the NICE research recommendation is feasible.     

Perception of a Natural Joint After Total Knee Arthroplasty

BackgroundAssessing patients’ functional outcomes following total knee arthroplasty (TKA) with traditional scoring systems is limited by their ceiling effects. Patient’s Joint Perception (PJP) question of the reconstructed joint is also of significant interest. Forgotten Joint Score (FJS) was created as a more discriminating option. The actual score constituting a “forgotten joint” has not yet been defined. The primary objective of this study is to compare the PJP and the FJS in TKA patients to determine the FJS score that corresponds to the patient’s perception of a natural joint.MethodsOne hundred TKAs were assessed at a mean of 40.6 months of follow-up using the PJP question, FJS, and Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC). Correlation between the 3 scores and their ceiling effects were analyzed.ResultsWith PJP question, 39% of the patients perceived a natural joint (FJS: 92.9; 95% confidence interval [CI], 89.4-96.4), 12% an artificial joint with no restriction (FJS: 79.5; 95% CI, 65.7-93.3), 36% an artificial joint with minor restrictions (FJS: 70.0; 95% CI, 63.2-76.9), and 13% had major restrictions (FJS: 47.3; 95% CI. 32.8-61.7). PJP has a high correlation with FJS and WOMAC (Spearman’s rho, −0.705 and −0.680, respectively). FJS and WOMAC had a significant ceiling effect with both reaching the best possible score in >15%.ConclusionPatients perceiving their TKA as a natural knee based on PJP have a FJS ≥89. PJP has a good correlation with FJS and may be a shorter, simple, and acceptable alternative.