Neuroradiological features of intracranial and intraorbital meningeal haemangiopericytomas

The neuroradiological features of six intracranial and one intraorbital haemangiopericytomas (HP) are reviewed. CT was performed before and after IV contrast medium in 5 patients. In 2 patients MRI was performed before and after contrast medium; in another, only unenhanced images were obtained. Five patients were studied by selective external and internal carotid artery angiography. Women constituted 5 of the 7 patients, and the mean age was 50.5 years, thus the sex and age distribution did not differ from that of typical meningiomas. Contrary to previous reports, calcification was present in two of the intracranial HP, and bone erosion was clearly seen in one intracranial HP and the orbital lesion. On MRI the tumours showed no differences from angioblastic meningiomas. All 6 intracranial HP were aggressive; all recurred following treatment and extracerebral metastasis occurred in one case.     

原发性十二指肠恶性肿瘤的影像学诊断

目的 探讨X线、CT及血管造影对原发性十二指肠恶性肿瘤的诊断价值及鉴别诊断。资料与方法 回顾分析经手术和／或病理证实的46例原发性十二指肠恶性肿瘤的l临床及影像学资料，46例全部作过十二指肠气钡双对比造影，并有13例作低张十二指肠插管造影；28例作CT检查；11例作数字减影血管造影。结果 胃十二指肠双对比造影及低张十二指肠插管诊断十二指肠癌24例；平滑肌肉瘤6例；恶性淋巴瘤4例。诊断总符合率为73．91％(34／46)。误诊率为17．39％(8／46)，漏诊率为8．7％(4／46)。CT检查28例，确诊十二指肠癌4例，平滑肌肉瘤7例。误诊为腹腔脓肿2例，平滑肌瘤6例，腹腔恶性肿瘤9例。诊断符合率为39．29％(11／28)，误诊率为60．71％(17／28)。血管造影11例，9例检出病变，6例确诊为十二指肠恶性肿瘤，3例误为良性肿瘤，2例未发现明显肿瘤血管。确诊率为54．55％(6／11)，误、漏诊率分别为27．27％(3／11)、18．18％(2／11)。结论 胃十二指肠气钡双对比造影是发现十二指肠恶性肿瘤最简单易行的方法，它和胃镜配合能得到病理学诊断。低张十二指肠插管造影对重度肠腔狭窄或阻塞患者显示病变范围起补充作用。CT能显示管外型恶性肿瘤的软组织块影及管壁破坏和有无淋巴结肿大。血管造影能根据血供来源明确钡餐难发现、CT仅显示与肠管无明显联系的平滑肌肉瘤，并可进行栓塞IE血治疗。     

MRA与CTA头部血管成像技术探讨

目的 :探讨MRA与CTA成像技术的临床应用 ,选择合适的影像后处理方法。方法 :抽取MRA与CTA各 2 0份影像进行分析。结果 :两组病例MRA与CTA扫描后及处理均获得较好的影像信息。结论 :MRA与CTA的影像检查技术对临床诊断与治疗均各具有其优势并有其重要价值。     

多巴酚丁胺^99m锝心肌断层显象评价冠状动脉介入性治疗的效果

用多巴酚丁胺９９ｍ锝－ＭＩＢＩ（ｍｅｔｈｏｘｙｉｓｏｂｕｔｙｌｎｉｔｒｉｌｅ）心肌断层显象（Ｄｏｂｕ－ＥＣＴ）评价冠心病介入性治疗的效果。方法对３２例冠心病患者在冠状动脉介入治疗的术前、术后３～６个月行多巴酚丁胺心肌显象。多巴酚丁胺以５～４０μｇ．ｋｇ－１／ｍｉｎ，每级剂量间隔３分钟。在最大剂量时注射７４０ＭＢｑ９９ｍ锝－ＭＩＢＩ，１小时后行心肌断层显象。２４小时后再注射等量３９９ｍ锝－ＭＩＢＩ行静态心肌显象。结果术前显示１１６个异常室壁节段，术后显示７９个节段缺血消失或缺血改善，术前心肌显象有明显可逆性心肌缺损节段，治疗有效率为７５％；而术前仅呈固定缺损节段，治疗有效率为４３．８％（Ｐ＜０．０１）。术前心脏断层显象有明显可逆心肌缺损病例，７７．８％（２１／２７）术后心肌缺血消失或改善，２２．２％（６／２７）心肌缺血无改善或缺血范围扩大，其中５例经冠状动脉造影证实原有扩张部位再狭窄。结论多巴酚丁胺９９ｍ锝－ＭＩＢＩ心肌显象可用于评价冠心病介入性治疗的效果，在随访中可发现再狭窄，进一步指导治疗     

小肠平滑肌肿瘤的血管研究

目的：观察小肠平滑肌肿瘤血管形态。方法：对８例正常小肠标本及１０例（１５个瘤体）经病理证实的平滑肌瘤手术切除标本，采用血管造影、解剖镜观察、石蜡切片光镜观察及图像分析。结果：小肠平滑肌肿瘤血管丰富，共同特征是：供血动脉增粗，沿瘤蒂进入瘤中心，呈放射状分布、簇状增生、丰富吻合，形似“蜘蛛网”状。血管扭曲、中断，瘤体内造影剂池明显者提示平滑肌肉瘤。结论：小肠平滑肌肿瘤属多血供肿瘤，良、恶性之间血管存在一定特点。这有助于介入诊断及螺旋ＣＴ诊断。     

胆道大出血的血管造影诊断及介入治疗

目的　评价血管造影诊断及介入治疗在胆道大出血中的价值 .方法　对 16例胆道大出血病人采用介入放射技术紧急行腹腔动脉和肝动脉造影 ,明确出血部位后 ,行肝动脉分支出血点栓塞术 .结果　 16例栓塞后出血均立即停止 ,2例再发出血 ,经再次栓塞后也成功止血 .随访 3月～ 2年均无再出血或并发症 .结论　选择性肝动脉造影和栓塞术对胆道大出血诊断准确 ,止血效果确切 ,简单易行 ,安全可靠 ,应作为首选方法     

大脑前动脉的A1优势征及在前交通动脉瘤脑血管造影诊断中的意义

目的：探讨A1优势征的影像学表现及其出现率与大脑前交通动脉瘤的关系.方法：回顾性分析128例脑动脉瘤数字减影脑血管造影的影像学资料.以大脑前交通动脉瘤作为试验组,其他部位的动脉瘤作为对照组.结果：128例病人中,共139个动脉瘤.前交通动脉瘤49个,后交通动脉瘤41个,基底动脉瘤29个,大脑中动脉瘤14个,颈内动脉瘤6个.A1优势征58例,A1对称75例.结论：前交通动脉瘤Al优势征多见,其出现率与其他部位脑动脉瘤之间存在显著差异（P＜0.05）.     

彩超及多排CT在诊断颈动脉海绵窦瘘中的应用

目的探讨B超及多排螺旋CT血管造影(CTA)在诊断颈动脉海绵窦瘘中的应用价值。方法分析23例颈动脉海绵窦瘘病例。对受检者行B型超声及颅脑CTA检查,采用容积再现(VR)、最大密度投影(MIP)、多平面重建(MPR)技术处理图像。结果超声可发现增粗的眼上静脉与脉搏同步搏动,并能检测血流频谱,CT检查发现23例均海绵窦扩大.动脉期眼上静脉显影并扩张,8例动脉期大脑中静脉显影并扩张。其中一例同时合并左侧大脑中动脉动脉瘤。结论B型超声及多排螺旋CT血管造影对诊断颈内动脉海绵窦瘘有重要的应用价值。     

螺旋CT血管造影对肺动脉栓塞的诊断价值

目的 评价螺旋CT血管造影（SCTA）对肺动脉栓塞（PE）的诊断价值。方法 对临床疑诊PE的20例患者进行螺旋CT血管造影成像（SCTA）．结果 20例患者中确诊PE7例。7例PESCTA直接征象：肺动脉主干或分支内混合性、附壁性、中心性充盈缺损。间接征象：局限性肺纹理稀疏，肺动脉高压，右心室增大，胸腔积液等。结论 螺旋CT血管造影具有准确、快速、无创性的优点，对肺动脉栓塞的诊断具有广泛应用价值。     

Overall results in 304 consecutive patients with acute spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage

The results obtained in 304 consecutive patients with spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage are described, the majority of whom (86%) were admitted while in acute condition. Only 46% of the patients in this series were in good condition at admission. The initial management was standardized for all patients, but the protocol of "delayed surgery" was applied to patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage from aneurysmal rupture. Two hundred and twenty-two patients (73%) had intracranial aneurysms. Of these, 20 (9%) were moribund and died shortly after admission; nine (4%) underwent emergency surgery due to the coexistence of a life-threatening cerebral hematoma; seven (3%) were operated upon within 3 days of admission; 78 (35%) died after rebleeding or after steady deterioration of the patient's condition due to vasospasm while awaiting surgery. Of the remaining 108 patients ready for delayed surgery, 12 (11%) (operation refused, elderly patients in poor general condition, spontaneous thrombosis of the aneurysm) were treated conservatively, and 96 (89%), who were in various clinical conditions, were actually operated on. Of these 96 patients, 79 (82%) exhibited excellent or good results, 5 (5%) were disabled, and 12 (12%) died. In the authors' experience, the overall management of intracranial aneurysms in unselected patients according to the protocol of delayed surgery results in significant loss of patients awaiting surgery, and good surgical results in the survivors.