抗乙肝胎盘转移因子的特异免疫活性观察

本研究由ＨＢＶＭ－Ａｂ阳性胎盘提取的抗乙肝胎盘转移因子（ＰＳＴＦ）的特异免疫活性证明，经注射，小鼠外周血淋巴细胞明显增多，胸腺重量和指数亦显著增加，酯酶染色证明７５％属Ｔ－样淋巴细胞，２５％属Ｔｈｙ－样淋巴细胞，人白细胞或小鼠白细胞体外转移ＰＳＴＦ特异免疫活性、或豚鼠和小鼠体内转移ＰＳＴＦ特异免疫活性，再取其白细胞作白细胞粘附抑制、白细胞移动抑制、特异淋巴细胞转化、小鼠足掌注射和诱生γ－干扰素试验     

Characterization of T cell epitopes in αs1-casein in cow''s milk allergic, atopic and non-atopic children

BACKGROUND: One to two percent of infants suffer from IgE-mediated allergic reactions against cow's milk proteins. Most children develop clinical tolerance, but approximately 15% are still allergic by the age of 10 years. Little is known about the T cell epitopes in individual cow's milk protein in relation to allergy and tolerance. OBJECTIVE: To identify T cell epitopes in alphas1-casein, the most abundant milk protein, and to investigate T cell responses toward these epitopes in allergic, atopic and non-atopic children. METHODS: Allergen-specific T cell lines (TCLs) were derived from peripheral blood mononuclear cells of 11 cow's milk allergic, nine atopic and nine non-atopic children. T cell responses were measured to alphas1-casein and to overlapping peptides (18-mers), spanning the alphas1-casein molecule. Proliferation was determined by incorporation of (3)H-thymidine, and cytokine production (IL-10, IL-13 and IFN-gamma) was measured by ELISA. RESULTS: Four main regions (amino acid (AA) residues 43-66, 73-96, 91-114 and 127-180) in the alphas1-casein molecule were immunogenic to T cells, among which the AA residues 133-156 spanned the immunodominant part. Only subtle differences were found in peptide recognition between the subject groups. Some of the peptides induced slightly Th1- or Th2-skewed cytokine responses. The increased levels of IL-10 in response to alphas1-casein observed in TCLs from atopic children appeared not to be linked to recognition of specific IL-10-inducing epitopes. CONCLUSIONS: The immunodominant sequence in alphas1-casein is spanned by AA residues 133-156. Tolerance towards alphas1-casein in atopic children may be mediated by an overall induction of IL-10 and not by recognition of certain T cell epitopes. The identified T cell epitopes in children with cow's milk allergy may be useful targets in developing peptide immunotherapy.     

Role of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 in a murine model of toluene diisocyanate-induced asthma

BACKGROUND: Adhesion molecules such as intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) are thought to contribute to the airway inflammation and airway hyper-responsiveness (AHR) of allergic asthma. Some differences from allergic asthma have been noted, including airway neutrophilia, and the involvement of ICAM-1 in toluene diisocyanate (TDI) asthma is currently unclear. OBJECTIVE: We utilized mice lacking ICAM-1 expression (ICAM-1(-/-)) to investigate the role of ICAM-1 in airway inflammation and AHR in TDI-induced asthma. METHODS: Male C57BL/6J mice (ICAM-1(+/+)) and ICAM-1(-/-) mice were intranasally sensitized to TDI solution or solvent alone. Airway inflammation, AHR and cytokine secretion were assessed 24 h after challenge by TDI or solvent. The production of antigen-specific IgG and IgE by TDI sensitized and non-sensitized mice was determined. RESULTS: TDI challenge to ICAM-1(+/+) mice induced an increase in airway inflammatory cell numbers, AHR and cytokine secretion of TNF-alpha, macrophage inflammatory protein-2 (MIP-2), IL-4, IL-5 and IFN-gamma into the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. All these pathophysiological changes were reduced in ICAM-1(-/-) mice. Serum levels of TDI-specific IgG and IgE of ICAM-1(-/-) and ICAM-1(+/+) mice were comparable. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that ICAM-1 plays an essential role in airway inflammation and AHR in TDI-induced asthma.     

Transforming growth factor-β1 and interleukin-10 in breast milk and development of atopic diseases in infants

BACKGROUND: Precise relationship between breastfeeding and infant allergy is poorly understood. Objective Aim was to quantify TGF-beta(1) and IL-10 in colostrum and mature milk from allergic and non-allergic mothers and to verify relationship with allergic disease development. METHODS: Mothers (13 allergics, nine controls) of 22 newborns participated to prospective study on development of children atopy. Colostrum and mature milk were assayed for TGF-beta(1) and IL-10 by ELISA. Children underwent paediatrician evaluation at 6 months of life. RESULTS: Data are presented as median values and range. A significant difference in concentration of TGF-beta(1) between colostrum (330, range 0-3400 pg/mL) and mature milk (215, range 0-2400 pg/mL) was observed in samples from allergic mothers (P=0.015). In mature milk TGF-beta(1) was significantly lower in allergic (215, range 0-2400 pg/mL) than in non-allergic mothers (1059, range 0-6250 pg/mL) (P=0.015). IL-10 was weakly expressed without significant differences between allergic (4.8, range 0-42 and 9.5, range 0-42 pg/mL in colostrum and in mature milk) and non-allergic mothers (0, range 0-42 pg/mL in colostrum and 0, range 0-42 pg/mL in mature milk). After 6 months 46% infants from allergic mothers, but none from controls, presented atopic dermatitis. CONCLUSION: TGF-beta(1) was significantly less secreted in mature milk of allergic mothers, while no difference in IL-10 was found. Particular cytokine patterns in milk could influence development of atopic diseases. Further immunological studies in this field are necessary.     

肺癌患者血清CRP和CYFRA21-1水平临床意义

血清C-反应蛋白(CRP)是一种急性时相蛋白,在正常人血清中含量极微,一般在3mg/L以下。在疾病活动期,尤其是细菌性感染时升高显著,随着病情的好转迅速下降。晚期恶性肿瘤患者血清CRP往往升高[1]。CYFRA21-1是诊断非小细胞肺癌的首选血清标记物[2],与肿瘤的生长趋势有关,可反映患者的病情变化及疗效。现将肺癌患者血清CRP和CYFRA21-1测定结果进行分析,探讨其临床意义。1临床资料收集2002年1月~2003年12月间入住我院肿瘤康复科接受化疗的肺癌患者46例,男42例,女4例,年龄38~90岁。所有病例确诊有赖于影像、血清学、及病理等多项检查[3]…     

粘病毒抵抗基因-1启动子88位点G/T多态性影响乙型肝炎病毒感染的自然转归

目的探讨乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）自限感染和慢性感染与粘病毒抵抗基因-1（MxA）启动子的-88位点G／T单核苷酸多态性的关系。方法收集100例抗-HBs和抗-HBc阳性的HBV自限感染者和340例慢性感染者的外周全血，提出基因组DNA；采用竞争分化聚合酶链反应技术为基础的方法进行MxA-88G／T基因分型；采用单因素Odds ratio和x^2检验等方法进行统计学分析。结果MxA-88G／G基因型（低表达型）检出率为50．2％（221／440），T／T基因型（高表达型）检出率为5．5％（24／440），G／T杂合型检出率为44．3％（195／440）。与慢性感染患者相比，自限感染患者携带较低的G／G基因型（41．0％与52．9%，P〈0．05）、G等位基因（62．5％与75．3％，P〈0．01）和较高的T／T基因型（16．0％与2．4%，P〈0．01）、T等位基因（37．5％与24．7％，P〈0．01），而两者之间的G／T杂合型差异无统计学意义。结论MxA-88G／T基因型能在一定程度上影响HBV感染的自然转归，有望成为临床上HBV感染转归的预测指标。     

同型半胱氨酸对黑质细胞凋亡及NF-κB表达的影响

目的研究同型半胱氨酸(homocysteine,Hcy)对帕金森(parkinson’s disease,PD)大鼠的黑质细胞的细胞凋亡及NF-κB表达的影响作用。方法100只SD鼠随机分为四组,即正常对照组、6-OHDA组、Hcy组、6-OHDA+Hey组,通过脑立体定向注射6-羟多巴胺建立大鼠PD模型,2小时后同侧脑立体定向注射同型半胱氨酸或生理盐水,采用TUNEL法、免疫组化技术,选择实验后后4h、1d、2d、7d及14d为研究时点,观察黑质细胞凋亡的数量;并检测黑质细胞NF-κB p65的表达情况。结果局部注射同型半胱氨酸能明显增加6-羟基多巴胺引起的黑质细胞凋亡,并增加黑质细胞NF-κB p65的表达,与对照组存在显著性差异(P<0.01)。结论Hcy可以促进6-OHDA引起的黑质细胞凋亡,NF-κBp65的激活可能是机制之一。     

胃癌组织中KAI1、nm23及P53的表达及其临床意义

目的:探讨正常胃黏膜、不典型增生胃黏膜及癌组织中KAI1、nm23及P53蛋白的表达．方法:应用SP法免疫组化检测22例正常胃黏膜,65例不典型增生胃黏膜及74N胃癌组织中的KAI1、nm23及P53蛋白的表达．结果:正常胃黏膜、不典型增生胃黏膜及胃癌组织中,KAI1和nm23阳性率呈降低趋势,组间差异性有统计学意义(x2=20．885, P<0．001;x2=29．133,P<0．05):P53蛋白阳性表达率呈增加趋势,组间差异性有统计学意义(x2=21．954,P<0．001)．Fisher精确概率检验显示:在胃癌组中不同的浸润深度、有无淋巴结转移和脉管侵犯组内KAI1、nm23及 P53组阳性表达率的差异性有统计学意义(x2 =20．885,P<0．001;x2=29．133,P<0．05;x2= 21．954,P<0．001);而在年龄、性别组间的差异性无统计学意义．Spearman等级相关分析显示 KAI1与nm23表达呈正相关(r=0．859,P<0．05); KAI1与P53表达呈负相关(r=-0．859,P<0．05), nm23与P53表达呈负相关(r=-0．874,P<0．05) 结论:抑癌基因KAI1与nm23的缺失以及P53 蛋白的过表达可能是胃癌发生、发展及浸润和转移的重要原因之一．     

NF-κB在肝细胞癌组织中的表达及意义

目的：探讨NF-κB基因在肝细胞癌组织中的表达及生物学意义。方法：采用逆转录聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)、Western-blot免疫组织化学技术检测32例肝癌组织及癌旁肝组织中的NF-κB基因的mRNA和蛋白表达水平及蛋白定位。结果：NF-κB基因在肝癌组织中的表达较癌旁肝组织显著性增高(P<0.05)。免疫组化结果显示，NF-κB蛋白在肝癌细胞胞浆和胞核中均有表达，而在癌旁肝细胞中仅在胞浆中有表达。结论：NF-κB基因在肝癌组织中呈显著高表达，提示其可能参与了肝癌的发生发展。NF-κB表达定位在癌细胞和癌旁肝细胞中的差异，提示NF-κB活化后，进入胞核，通过调节下游基因的转录，促进肝癌的发生。