Pediatric intracranial aneurysms——clinical characteristics and therapeutic strategies

Objective To assess the radiological characteristics and therapeutic strategies of intracranial aneurysms in children. Methods From our dedicated neurovascular databank of patients, we reviewed 23 consecutive children who had 24 intracranial aneurysms. There were 14 boys and 9 girls with a mean age of 9.09 years ( range 1 - 14 years ). Results Intracranial aneurysms in children ≤ 14 years constituted 1.3% of all intracranial aneurysms. Internal Carotid artery (ICA) and middle cerebral artery (MCA) were the most frequent sites for aneurysms. About 58.3% of the aneurysms were complex, including dissecting, pseudoaneurysm, giant and fusiform aneurysm. 1/3 of all aneurysms were located in posterior circulation. Only 1 case had multiple aneurysms in this case series. Almost half of all cases presented with subarachnoid hemorrhage and others presented with mass effect. 14 cases underwent endovascular treatment. 4 patients received microsurgical therapy. 5 cases did not receive microsurgical or endovascular therapy, 2 of them whose aneurysms spontaneously thrombosed during follow up. One boy with left vertebral artery giant aneurysm died after endovascular therapy owing to gradual thrombosis in basilar artery. Another child had poor outcome because of rerupture of aneurysm before operation. Whereas the majority had a favorable outcome. Conclusions Intracranial aneurysms in children had many clinical and radiological characteristics different from those in adults : ( 1 ) remarkable male predominance; ( 2 ) ICA and MCA were the most common sites for aneurysms; (3) high incidence of large, traumatic, infectious, dissecting and fusiform aneurysms. (4)For pediatric intracranial aneurysms, both microsurgical approaches and endovascular treatment were effective. Endovaacular therapy was the best choice for complex aneurysms.     

脑室置管和腰椎穿刺行脑脊液置换治疗严重蛛网膜下腔出血44例报告

自1997年1月至2004年8月,我们应用侧脑室外引流和腰椎穿刺放液、脑脊液置换治疗严重自发性蛛网膜下腔出血(SAH)44例,效果良好。现报道如下。1临床资料1.1一般资料本组男24例,女20例;年龄18岁~74岁,平均58岁,其中60岁以上20例,占45.4%。全部病人均行多次脑CT检查,均有广泛蛛网膜     

催产素合宫血宁胶囊减少产后出血50例

我们用催产素合宫血宁胶囊预防产后出血，效果较好，现报道如下。     

低颅压综合征1例报告

低颅压综合征并非少见,常被误诊,尤其是当腰穿见到血性脑脊液时,常被诊断为蛛网膜下腔出血,而进行很多不必要的检查,给病人及家属造成过重负担。现将笔者遇到的1例低颅压综合征病例报告如下。1临床资料患者女,40岁。既往健康,无头部外伤史和腰穿史。入院3天前跑步后发生额部疼痛,为持续性疼痛,恶心、呕吐2次,无发热和周身不适;卧床时头痛明显减轻,坐起或站立后头痛很快加重。在厂医院对症治疗不见好转来诊。来诊时查体:意识清楚,血压正常,未查到任何神经系统阳性体征。头颅CT未见异常。腰穿脑脊液:初压为60 mm H2O,脑脊液黄染,常规检查蛋…     

剖宫产术中宫腔填塞防治产后出血32例分析

目的:探讨防治剖宫产术中出血最简便的方法。方法:用纱块填塞宫腔。结果:32例产后出血患者采用纱块宫腔填纱后均达到了止血的目的,且取出过程顺利,无一例发生纱块遗留及宫腔感染。结论:宫腔填塞纱块的方法简便有效,可在基层医院广泛推广。     

卡孕栓预防产后出血100例临床应用

目的观察第三产程及产后2h内失血的影响，方法2005年6月～2006年6月在我院足月正常妊娠阴道分娩，卡孕拴组100例，胎儿娩出后阴道放置卡孕拴1枚（1mg）。对照组胎儿娩出后，分别经臀部肌肉或静脉注射催产素10u，50例观察产后2h失血量采用容积法＋称重测量产后出血量。早期运用卡孕拴显来缩短第三产程，减少产后2h内失血量。结果早期运用卡孕拴显著缩短第三产程，减少产后2h失血量，即简易而又高效，有效防止产后大出血。结论降低产后出血及孕产妇死亡率起着重要的作用。     

消化道出血治疗八法

吐血、便血是消化道出血的常见临床症状,中医对此有比较完整的理论认识和丰富的治疗经验,本文摘取历代医家有代表性的医案,供临床参考使用.     

神经病、神经外科和精神病学杂志

严重脑损伤后17年的社会心理调整;由琥珀酸脱氢酶（SDHA）黄素蛋白（Fp）亚单位突变所致Leigh综合征;动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血早期循环中的内皮细胞激活标记物水平：与脑缺血事件和预后的关系;CSF前列腺素E2水平与认知功能下降和阿尔茨海默病存活率的关系；变异型克罗伊茨费尔特-雅各布病患者的CSF磷酸-tau蛋白浓度升高：诊断和病理学意义。     

脑室-腹腔分流术后腹腔管脱出1例

1临床资料男,62岁,因“头痛伴行走不稳半年”收入院。入院行头颅CT示交通性脑积水(重度),排除颅内继发病变。查体:神清,GCS评分15分,颈抗二指,四肢肌力稍高,共济失调明显。完善术前检查,行脑室-腹腔分流术(中压管)。术后症状改善,1周后头颅CT复查脑积水消失,出院。1月后病人因发现腹部切口处皮下包块,约6cm×6cm大小,无肿痛,彩超示皮下积液,腹腔管脱出腹腔于皮下,考虑系腹腔管脱出,再次沿原腹部切口进入,见皮下约50ml水样物,系脑脊液。分流管腹腔端完全脱出腹腔外位于皮下,于原腹膜切口处重新置入腹腔管,同时于置入处适当固定分流管,并将…