全麻复合硬膜外阻滞在开胸手术的应用

开胸手术创伤大,对呼吸和循环系统干扰较大,手术过程也较长,术中要求镇痛完全,有足够的麻醉深度,而术后要求尽早清醒,早期行呼吸锻炼,咳嗽、排痰,以利减少术后呼吸并发症.本研究以开胸手术患者作为研究对象,以静吸复合全麻 硬膜外阻滞与单纯静吸麻醉作比较,旨在探讨一种既能减少手术应激反应又能提高拔管期苏醒质量和术后镇痛完善的麻醉方法.     

小儿扁桃体、腺样体切除术的麻醉体会

扁桃体及腺样体切除术对咽部刺激大，小儿常不合作，且扁桃体肥大常伴有不同程度的呼吸道梗阻症状，给麻醉及手术带来一定的困难。为提高手术及麻醉的安全性，我院2008年1-12月，对42例行扁桃体及腺样体切除术的患儿采用气管内插管静吸复合全麻，效果满意，现报告如下。     

腹腔镜手术切除巨大肾囊肿1例报告

1临床资料患者男,46岁。反复右中上腹疼痛牵扯到右腰背部不适39个月于2005年3月23日入院。查体:一般情况良好,生命体征正常,皮肤巩膜无黄染,眼睑、面部、四肢无浮肿,心肺正常。右中上腹可扪及拳头大一软性肿块,边界不清,有压痛,肝脾未扪及。B超检查提示结石性胆囊炎,右肾区囊性肿块,约12cm×11cm×9cm大小,与肝下及胆囊紧连。右肾上极显示不清,肾盂输尿管及左肾输尿管未发现异常。肝肾功能及凝血时间正常。临床诊断:①慢性结石性胆囊炎;②右侧巨大肾囊肿。2005年3月26日在气管插管全麻联合阻滞麻醉下行四孔法腹腔镜探查,肝脾正常,胆囊轻度…     

老年人上腹部手术硬膜外阻滞复合全麻的临床应用

老年麻醉及手术随着社会老龄化而渐显增多.众所周知,老年人各脏器生理功能日趋衰退,内环境平衡机能减弱及夹杂症较多,在实施麻醉过程中,与其他年龄段患者相比有很大区别,因此如何选择有效、合理、对循环呼吸功能影响小的麻醉方法为业内人士所关注.作者对本院100例老年病人上腹部手术,采用了硬膜外阻滞复合全麻,效果满意,现报告如下.     

全麻复合硬膜外阻滞与单纯全麻的比较

比较全麻复合硬膜外阻滞和单纯全麻在围术期对机体应激、炎性、免疫等方面的影响。使用全麻加硬膜外麻醉能有效地抑制手术引起的应激反应，稳定循环状态，减少并发症，使病人在术中更为安全平稳，麻醉效果更为可靠，术毕清醒快，术后镇痛有利于术后病人咳嗽咯痰，并且能减轻围手术期对T细胞亚群的影响。     

海绵窦区真菌性肉芽肿一例

患者女,31岁。因"头痛3个月,复视1个月,左眼睑下垂7d"入院。检查:左眼睑下垂,左眼球内收、外展受限,可轻微向上、下活动,双侧瞳孔不等大,左侧直径4.5mm,对光反射迟钝,右侧直径3mm,对光反射灵敏。无面瘫。头颅MRI示:左侧海绵窦区见不规则等T1、稍长T2混杂异常信号影,增强后边缘轻度强化。病灶向内侧侵及蝶窦左侧。左侧颈内动脉颅外段显著变细,颅内段未见显示,左侧大脑中动脉、前交通动脉受压。术前诊断:左海绵窦区占位性病变。     

6%羟乙基淀粉130/0.4对患者硬膜外复合全麻诱导期肺循环的影响

Objective To observe the effect of pulmonary circulation by 6% hydroxyethyl starch 130/0.4 during induction period from epidural block combined with general anesthesia. Methods Twenty-six hepatobiliary surgical patients with ASA Ⅰ-Ⅱ, aged 32 y-59 y, weighing 54 kg-73 kg, were randomized into 2 groups(n=13): hydroxyethyl starch 130/0.4 group(HS)and complex acetic acid Ringer's solution (RL). Above-mentioned solutions were infused 7 ml/kg respectively before induction. The pulmonary circulation hemodynamic parameters such as pulmonary arterial systolic pressure (PASP), pulmonary arterial diastolic pressure (PADP), mean pulmonary artery pressure(MPAP), pulmonary artery wedge pressure(PAWP), pulmonary vascular resistance(PVR) and right ventricular stroke work(RVSW) were recorded at base value(T0), 10 min after infusion(T1), 5 min after induction(T2), 5 rain after intubation(T3), 10 rain after intubation(T4)and 20 min after intubation(T5). Results PASP、PADP、MPAP、PAWP and CVP were significantly higher in group HS at T, than the values at T0 (P<0.05); PVR in group HS was obviously lower from T1 to T5 than the value at To (P<0.05 or P<0.01); RVSW was significantly higher in two groups at T1 than base value (P<0.05), but that in group HS was lower than base value (P<0.05 or P<0.01); HR obviously decreased in two groups from T2 to T5 as compared with the value at T0 (P<0.05); MAP was lower from T3 to T5 than the value at To (P<0.05 or P<0.01). PVR was obviously lower in group HS from T1 to T5 than that in group RL (P<0.05 or P<0.01); MAP obviously increased from T2 to T5 in group HS as compared with the value in group RL(P<0.05 or P<0.01). Conclusion 6% hydroxyethyl starch 130/0.4 can obviously reduce PVR during induction pe-riod from epidural block combined with general anesthesia. In all, there is no effect on pulmonary circulation by 6% hydroxyethyl starch 130/0.4.     

支撑喉镜下120例声带息肉摘除术的麻醉体会

目的：为观察经鼻气管内插管全麻支撑喉镜下实施声带息肉摘除术的效果。方法：对120例13～82岁声带息肉患者在支撑喉镜下行声带息肉摘除术。结果：其中效果满意119例，占99．2％，失败1例，占0．8％。结论：经鼻气管插管全麻支撑喉镜下实施声带息肉摘除术，可以提高手术的成功率和质量。     

不同浓度罗哌卡因硬膜外麻醉复合全麻麻醉效果的对比研究

<正>全麻与硬膜外麻醉复合可减少全麻药的用量,缩短苏醒时间,减少术后并发症的发生,明显地提高了麻醉质量,已广泛应用于临床。本研究观察不同浓度罗哌卡因硬膜外麻醉复合全身麻醉,以进一步探讨其麻醉效果和安全性。