腹膜后腹腔镜输尿管切开取石术(附39例报告)

目的评价腹膜后腹腔镜输尿管切开取石术的临床价值。方法2001年11月至2003年4月完成腹膜后经腹腔镜输尿管中上段切开取石术39例。其中男23例，女16例，年龄26～66岁．平均42．3岁；结石大小10-25mm，平均15mm。X线或B超标志定位．水囊扩张腹膜后间隙．形成腹膜后操作空间。暴露输尿管。于结石处用输尿管刀切开输尿管．取出结石，用自制的输尿管置管器经切口留置双J管．缝合切口。结果手术均获成功．未发生严重并发症。手术时间40～360min。平均130min。结论腹腔镜取石术与开放手术相比，具有损伤小、痛苦少、恢复快的优点，随着技术的不断完善和普及．可大部取代常规的开放肾盂输尿管切开取石术。     

Retroperitoneal lymphangioleiomyomatosis associated with endosalpingiosis

A case of retroperitoneal lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) arising from endosalpingiosis is described. A 25-year-old woman with no history of tuberous sclerosis or hormonal therapy presented with a painless, palpable abdominal mass. Computed tomographic and magnetic resonance imaging studies of the abdomen demonstrated a 4 cm cystic mass in the retroperitoneum. Macroscopically, the excised retroperitoneal cyst was multilocular and measured 4.0 x 3.5 x 3.5 cm. Histologically, the lesion demonstrated three components. The first comprised multiple cysts or glands lined by columnar epithelial cells with cilia. The second component was a condensation of small stromal cells immediately subjacent to the cystic epithelium or glands. The third component was a thick exterior wall composed of plump spindle cells with clear to palely eosinophilic cytoplasm in a fascicular pattern, and slit-like vascular spaces, resembling LAM. Immunohistochemically, the epithelium and glands were positive for cytokeratin 7. The stromal cells were positive for vimentin and CD10. The cells of the LMA-like component showed positive staining for HMB45, alpha-smooth muscle actin, muscle actin and h-caldesmon. The lesion, LAM arising from endosalpingiosis, represents a distinctive pathologic entity that should be recognized and studied further. This type of lesion should be included in the differential diagnosis of retroperitoneal cystic lesions.     

Retroperitoneal lymphangioma with a duodenal lesion in an adult

Received: October 16, 2000 / Accepted: March 30, 2001     

累及纵隔、脾脏及腹膜后淋巴管瘤病一例

淋巴管瘤由于先天或继发损伤等原因造成的淋巴管扩张,在婴幼儿常见,成人中很少见。淋巴管瘤最常发生区域是在颈部和腋窝,相对的比较少见的也可发生在腹腔、腹膜后、骨及纵隔等区域。若同时累及两个部位以上,被称为淋巴管瘤病。本例中患者同时累及多个部位,包括纵隔、脾脏及腹膜后间隙,在临床中十分罕见。     

Gastrointestinal actinomycosis: an unusual presentation with obstructive uropathy: report of a case and review of the literature

A 55-year-old female patient is described who had recurrent retroperitoneal infections without an apparent focus. After a protracted period of illness the infection proved to be caused by actinomycosis. An unusual feature of the inflammatory process consisted of obstruction of the ureters, ultimately resulting in destruction of the left kidney. Hydronephrosis resulting from inflammatory fibrosis has not been reported in the literature before.     

Alveolar soft-part sarcoma of the retroperitoneum

A 33-year-old woman was referred to Iida Municipal Hospital because of left back pain. Computed tomography showed a tumor (17 x 11 x 10 cm) in the left retroperitoneal space. T1- and T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging showed an inhomogeneous mass with marginal blood vessels. The tumor was resected via lumbar oblique incision with the thoraco-abdominal approach. The tumor weighed 1800 g and consisted of nests of 5-100 large, loosely arranged, polygonal cells, surrounded by capillaries, resembling alveoli. The tumor cells were rich in cytoplasm, containing periodic acid-Schiff- and diastase-positive granules and typical crystals. The pathological diagnosis was alveolar soft-part sarcoma (ASPS). Alveolar soft-part sarcoma is a rare soft-tissue tumor that accounts for approximately 0.5-1% of soft-tissue sarcomas. Such tumors originating in the retroperitoneal space are extremely rare. Herein is reported a case of ASPS of the retroperitoneum with radiological and pathological findings.     

Computed tomography of retroperitoneal paragangliomas

More than 10% of retroperitoneal paragangliomas are malignant. Histopathological appearance is unreliable in distinguishing benign from malignant paragangliomas. In this study the computed tomography (CT) features of retroperitoneal paragangliomas were analysed to determine if benign neoplasms could be distinguished from malignancy by their appearance at imaging. We reviewed the clinical profiles and CT scans of 27 benign and seven malignant retroperitoneal paragangliomas in 32 patients to determine the presence of any characteristic appearances of benign and malignant neoplasms. Extra-adrenal paragangliomas were more frequently malignant (50%) than adrenal neoplasms (12.5%). Benign lesions were generally smaller (average 6.1 cm) than malignant lesions (average 7.9 cm). Benign tumours were more likely to be homogeneous (46.2%) and have well-defined margins (92.3%) than malignant tumours (25 and 12.5% respectively). Larger tumours were more frequently necrotic. Malignant retroperitoneal paragangliomas infiltrated adjacent liver, pancreas, bowel, lymph nodes, blood vessels, or metastasized to bone and liver. Malignant retroperitoneal paragangliomas are frequently extra-adrenal, large and heterogeneous, with ill-defined margin and necrosis. CT is useful for delineating the location, extent and nature of these tumours. Infiltration of surrounding tissues or organs, metastases, and resectability are accurately assessed by CT.     

A Case of Benign Metastasizing Leiomyoma： Pathobiological Behavior Showing A Low-grade Malignant Potential

Case Report A 38-year-old woman underwent a hysterectomy for a uterine tumor. A giant circumscribed nodule with a diameter of 20 cm at its widest point was found within the myometrium     

开放式腹膜后腔镜肾脏手术

目的：探讨开放式腹腔镜肾脏手术的方法。方法：采用开放式腹膜后腔镜施行１５例肾脏手术。结果：效果满意。结论：该术式具有创伤小，定位准确，切除之组织无需破碎即可取出，安全可靠，并发症少，无气腹或水囊扩张的并发症，该术式扩大了腹腔镜肾脏手术的适应证范围。