不同干预方法对发泡性化疗药物静脉炎的防护效果研究

目的 探讨不同方法预防发泡性化疗药物导致静脉炎的临床效果.方法 2009年12月～2011年4月在该院首次行诺维本干预的216例恶性肿瘤患者(肺癌),在注射化疗药物后分别使用康惠尔溃疡贴、自制青黛、肝素钠软膏3种不同药物外敷,观察各组静脉炎的发生率、疼痛缓解时间.结果 ①康惠尔溃疡贴组静脉炎发生率为25.86％,青黛软膏组静脉炎发生率为32.88％,肝素钠软膏组静脉炎发生率为32.88％;②216例患者化疗后68例静脉炎平均治愈时间为(5.13±1.38)d,康惠尔溃疡贴组平均治愈时间为(4.19±0.57)d,青黛软膏组平均治愈时间为(5.17±0.12)d,肝素钠软膏平均治愈时间为(6.57±0.47)d.不同外敷组化疗后静脉炎治愈时间差异有统计学意义(F=144.479,P=0.0000);③经x 2检验显示,不同外敷组之间疼痛缓解时间差异有统计学意义(X2=22.020,P＜0.05).结论 ①康惠尔溃疡贴、青黛膏、肝素钠软膏均能降低静脉炎的发生率.②康惠尔溃疡贴预防静脉炎效果好,使用方便,能更好地降低患者的费用和节省护士的工作时间.     

不同方法对预防静脉注射尼莫通所致静脉炎的效果观察

目的探讨不同方法对预防静脉注射尼莫通所致静脉炎的效果。方法 2009年7月-2010年2月,将本院神经内科收治需应用微量泵静脉注射尼莫通(尼莫地平)治疗的120例患者,随机分为3组,每组各40例,对照组在静脉注射药物过程未采取预防措施;硫酸镁组在静脉注射药物过程提前给予50%硫酸镁湿敷预防静脉炎;利多卡因组在静脉注射药物过程提前给予2%利多卡因湿敷预防静脉炎。分别观察3组患者静脉注射过程疼痛程度、静脉炎发生情况及静脉留置针留置时间。结果在预防静脉炎方面,硫酸镁组与利多卡因组均优于对照组(均P<0.01),而且硫酸镁组效果优于利多卡因组(P=0.015);在预防疼痛方面,硫酸镁组与利多卡因组均优于对照组(均P<0.01),而且利多卡因组效果优于硫酸镁组(P=0.003);在静脉留置针留置时间方面,硫酸镁组和利多卡因组均优于对照组(均P<0.01),但硫酸镁组与利多卡因组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 50%硫酸镁在预防静脉注射尼莫通所致静脉炎方面优于2%利多卡因,但在减轻患者静脉注射尼莫通引起的疼痛程度方面,2%利多卡因优于50%硫酸镁。     

舒康博G水凝胶敷料治疗老年患者外周静脉炎的效果观察

目的 探讨舒康博G水凝胶敷料治疗老年患者外周静脉炎的效果.方法 给予32例Ⅱ级及以上外周静脉炎老年患者采用舒康博G水凝胶敷料外贴治疗,分别在使用后4 h、24 h、48 h、72 h观察静脉炎局部情况,比较处理前后静脉炎分级、疼痛评分及治疗效果.结果 患者治疗后静脉炎分级及疼痛情况明显改善.与治疗前比较,均P＜0.00...     

Nailfold capillaroscopy in Beh?et’s disease,analysis of 128 patients

The aims of this study were to find the characteristics and prevalence of nailfold capillary changes in a large series of patients with Behçet’s disease (BD) and to analyze their possible relation to other clinical characteristics of the disease. We performed nailfold capillaroscopy in 128 randomly selected patients fulfilling the international classification criteria for BD. Capillaroscopy was done in eight fingers with a ×3.2 microscopy. All patients were questioned for history of Raynaud's phenomenon, ischemic ulcers, smoking, and hypertension. A computerized form including demographic, clinical, and para-clinical features was used to collect data. Univariate and multivariate logistic regressions were used to analyze the relation between capillaroscopic findings and disease characteristics. Odds ratio and a confidence interval at 95% (CI) were calculated for each item. The mean age of the patients was 37?±?10 years, and the male to female ratio was 1.56:1. Capillaroscopy was abnormal in 51 patients (40%, CI 8.5). Enlarged capillaries were seen in 33 patients (26%, CI 7.6), hemorrhages in 21 (16%, CI 6.4), and capillary loss only in one patient. In univariate logistic regression analysis, the presence of enlarged capillaries was associated with lower age at disease onset (OR?=?0.9, CI 0.9–1; p?=?0.04), hypertension (OR?=?4.2, CI 1.5–11.4; p?=?0.006), superficial phlebitis (OR?=?5.5, CI 1.2–24.4; p?=?0.03), and negative pathergy test (OR?=?0.4, CI 0.2–0.9; p?=?0.04). The presence of hemorrhages tended to be associated with articular symptoms (p?=?0.05). Multivariate analysis also confirmed the association of enlarged capillaries with lower age at disease onset (p?=?0.01), hypertension (p?=?0.001), and superficial phlebitis (p?=?0.03). Nailfold abnormalities, mainly enlarged capillaries, are frequent in patients with BD. Our results suggest that these abnormalities may be related to other vascular features of the disease such as superficial phlebitis, but it does not seem to confer special risk for any other specific clinical symptom of the disease.     

马铃薯外敷对长春瑞滨所致的兔耳缘静脉炎的防治作用

目的探讨马铃薯对长春瑞滨实验性静脉炎的防治作用。方法将36只日本大耳白兔按数字随机法分为A组（模型对照纽）、B组（33％硫酸镁溶液湿敷组）和C组（马铃薯片外敷组）．每一兔耳经耳缘静脉缓慢输注长春瑞滨1．0mg·kg^-1（20mL生理盐水溶解。分别于输液后24h、72h、7d观察并比较各组静脉炎发生严重程度。结果与模型组比较,马铃薯和硫酸镁外敷组的静脉炎较轻（P〈0．05）,而马铃薯外敷组72h的静脉炎轻于硫酸镁组（P〈0．05）。结论马铃薯外敷对长春瑞滨所致的兔耳缘静脉炎有一定的防治作用。     

热敷法对家兔化疗性静脉炎模型耳缘静脉组织中TNF-α表达的影响

目的：探讨热敷法对家兔化疗性静脉炎模型耳缘静脉组织中TNF表达的影响。方法：将40只新西兰大耳白兔随机分为5组,分别为空白对照组、注射四类化疗药组,采用耳缘静脉注射药物法,造家兔化疗性静脉炎模型,每只兔子一侧耳缘静脉注射化疗药时用热敷处理,对侧耳缘静脉注射同样化疗药时则不做任何处理。4d后处死家兔模型,取耳缘静脉及局部组织,免疫组化法,测组织中TNF-α的表达情况,以IPP6.0软件分析其表达强度。结果：对照组与另外4组家兔实验耳比较无统计学意义（P〉0.05）;对照组与另外4组家兔对照耳比较有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;实验组兔耳自身比较发现热敷组织TNF-α表达明显弱于对侧,且两组之间表达有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论：给予局部热敷可有效预防家兔化疗性静脉炎的发生。     

自冷式冰袋治疗化疗性静脉炎的观察及护理

目的观察自冷式冰袋冷敷治疗化疗药物外渗引起静脉炎的效果.方法将100例发生静脉炎的肿瘤化疗患者随机分为观察组50例和对照组50例,观察组采用自冷式冰袋冷敷患处,对照组采用普通清水冰袋冷敷患处.结果观察组治疗效果明显优于对照组.结论自冷式冰袋冷敷治疗化疗性静脉炎疗效好,在临床有较好的推广应用价值.     

黄马酊湿敷治疗婴幼儿静脉炎临床观察

目的观察黄马酊湿敷在婴幼儿静脉炎护理中的疗效。方法将98例婴幼儿静脉炎患儿随机分为治疗组50例和对照组48例,治疗组用黄马酊湿敷,对照组用50％硫酸镁湿敷。结果观察组治疗效果显著优于对照组。结论黄马酊湿敷治疗婴幼儿静脉炎效果满意,可以作为婴幼儿静脉炎的处理方法。     

液体相关因素致输液性静脉炎的研究进展

输液性静脉炎的发生与输注液体的刺激密切相关,根据国内外有关输液性静脉炎危险因素的文献,从机械和化学两个方面对输液量、输液速度、液体温度、pH值、渗透压和刺激性药物等因素进行论述,旨在发现发生静脉炎的高危人群,并针对危险因素提出必要的预防措施。